Add CSE 381 notes (draft)

0x326 · 0x326 · commit c6b0f212a609 · 2018-11-02T16:35:02.000-04:00
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -40,3 +40,22 @@ add_executable(CSE_278_OVERLOADING_OPERATORS
 
 add_executable(CSE_278_MISC
         "CSE 278 (Systems I - Introduction to Systems Programming)/Misc/main.cpp")
+
+# CSE 381
+add_executable(CSE_381_DATA_STRUCTURES_VECTOR
+        "CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/C++ Data Structures/vector.cpp")
+
+add_executable(CSE_381_DATA_STRUCTURES_UNORDERED_MAP
+        "CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/C++ Data Structures/unordered_map.cpp")
+
+add_executable(CSE_381_CONSOLE_IO
+        "CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/Console IO/main.c")
+
+add_executable(CSE_381_IPC_PIPES
+        "CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/IPC (Interprocess Communication)/pipes.c")
+
+add_executable(CSE_381_IPC_SHARED_MEMORY
+        "CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/IPC (Interprocess Communication)/shared-memory.c")
+
+add_executable(CSE_381_NETWORKING_SERVER
+        "CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/Networking/server.c")
diff --git a/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/C++ Data Structures/unordered_map.cpp b/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/C++ Data Structures/unordered_map.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <string>
+
+int main() {
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, int> map;
+
+    map.insert({"Foo", 1});
+    map.insert({"Bar", 2});
+    map.insert({"Baz", 3});
+    map["Baz"] *= 2;
+
+    for (std::pair<std::string, int> item : map) {
+        std::cout << item.first << " :: " << item.second << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/C++ Data Structures/vector.cpp b/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/C++ Data Structures/vector.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+
+int main() {
+    std::vector<int> vector;
+
+    std::cout << "Empty: " << vector.empty() << std::endl;
+    for (auto i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+        std::cout << "Adding " << i << " to vector" << std::endl;
+        vector.push_back(i);
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "Empty: " << vector.empty() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Size: " << vector.size() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Capacity: " << vector.capacity() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Max size: " << vector.max_size() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "Resizing to 4" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "New size: " << vector.size() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "New capacity: " << vector.capacity() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "New max size: " << vector.max_size() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "Shrinking to fit" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "New size: " << vector.size() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "New capacity: " << vector.capacity() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "New max size: " << vector.max_size() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "Output of begin and end: ";
+    for (auto i = vector.begin(); i != vector.end(); ++i) {
+        std::cout << *i << " ";
+    }
+    // for (auto &i : vector) {
+    //     std::cout << i << " ";
+    // }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "Output of cbegin and cend: ";
+    for (auto i = vector.cbegin(); i != vector.cend(); ++i) {
+        std::cout << *i << " ";
+    }
+    // for (auto i : vector) {
+    //     std::cout << i << " ";
+    // }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "Output of rbegin and rend: ";
+    for (auto ir = vector.rbegin(); ir != vector.rend(); ir++) {
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+        std::cout << *ir << " ";
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "\nOutput of crbegin and crend : ";
+    for (auto ir = vector.crbegin(); ir != vector.crend(); ir++) {
+        std::cout << *ir << " ";
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/Console IO/main.c b/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/Console IO/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    int num;
+    printf("Enter a number: ");
+    scanf("%d", &num);
+    printf("You entered %d\n", num);
+
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/IPC (Interprocess Communication)/pipes.c b/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/IPC (Interprocess Communication)/pipes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#define BUFFER_SIZE 25
+#define READ_END 0
+#define WRITE_END 1
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    int pipe_file_descriptors[2];
+    if (pipe(pipe_file_descriptors) == -1) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot create pipe\n"); // Perhaps the system is out of file descriptors?
+    }
+
+    fflush(stdin);
+
+    // In this example, the parent will write to the child
+    pid_t child_pid = fork();
+    if (child_pid > 0) {
+        // Parent
+        // In this example, the parent doesn't need the read end
+        close(pipe_file_descriptors[READ_END]);
+
+        // Send message to child
+        char message[BUFFER_SIZE] = "Hello World\0";
+        printf("Sending message: %s\n", message);
+        write(pipe_file_descriptors[WRITE_END], message, strlen(message));
+
+        // Close pipe when finished
+        close(pipe_file_descriptors[WRITE_END]);
+    } else if (child_pid == 0) {
+        // Child
+        // In this example, the child doesn't need the write end
+        close(pipe_file_descriptors[WRITE_END]);
+
+        // Read message from parent
+        char message[BUFFER_SIZE];
+        read(pipe_file_descriptors[READ_END], message, BUFFER_SIZE);
+        printf("Got message: %s\n", message);
+
+        // Close pipe when finished
+        close (pipe_file_descriptors[READ_END]);
+    } else {
+        fputs("Cannot fork to create child process\n", stderr);
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/IPC (Interprocess Communication)/shared-memory.c b/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/IPC (Interprocess Communication)/shared-memory.c
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/shm.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#define SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_POSIX_ID "CSE381"
+#define SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_SIZE 4096
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    pid_t child_pid = fork();
+    if (child_pid > 0) {
+        // You are the parent process - Your child's PID is child_pid
+        const char *message_0 = "Hello";
+        const char *message_1 = "World";
+
+        // See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory-mapped_file
+        int file_descriptor_to_shared_memory_object = shm_open(SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_POSIX_ID, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0666);
+        ftruncate(file_descriptor_to_shared_memory_object, SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_SIZE);
+        void *pointer_to_shared_memory_object = mmap(0, SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_SIZE, PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, file_descriptor_to_shared_memory_object, 0);
+
+        sprintf(pointer_to_shared_memory_object, "%s", message_0);
+        pointer_to_shared_memory_object += strlen(message_0);
+        sprintf(pointer_to_shared_memory_object, "%s", message_1);
+        pointer_to_shared_memory_object += strlen(message_1);
+
+        wait(NULL);
+
+        shm_unlink(SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_POSIX_ID);
+
+        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    } else if (child_pid == 0) {
+        // You don't have a child process - You are the child
+
+        // See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory-mapped_file
+        int file_descriptor_to_shared_memory_object = shm_open(SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_POSIX_ID, O_RDONLY, 0666);
+        ftruncate(file_descriptor_to_shared_memory_object, SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_SIZE);
+        void *pointer_to_shared_memory_object = mmap(0, SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_SIZE, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, file_descriptor_to_shared_memory_object, 0);
+
+        printf("%s\n", (char *) pointer_to_shared_memory_object);
+
+        shm_unlink(SHARED_MEMORY_OBJ_POSIX_ID);
+        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    } else {
+        fputs("Cannot fork to create child process", stderr);
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/Networking/server.c b/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/Networking/server.c
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <strings.h>
+#include <zconf.h>
+
+#define BUFFER_SIZE 256
+#define INCOMING_CONNECTIONS_TO_QUEUE 5
+
+void error(char *msg) {
+    perror(msg);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    // Parse commandline parameters
+    if (argc == 1) {
+        fprintf(stdout, "Usage: %s PORT\n", argv[0]);
+        fputs(stderr, "PORT is required");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    } else if (argc > 2) {
+        fprintf(stdout, "Usage: %s PORT\n", argv[0]);
+        fputs(stderr, "Too many arguments provided");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    const int port_number = atoi(argv[1]);
+
+    int socket_file_descriptor = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
+    if (socket_file_descriptor < 0) {
+        fputs(stderr, "Cannot create IPv4 socket");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+
+    struct sockaddr_in server_address;
+
+    bzero((char *) &server_address, sizeof(server_address));
+
+    server_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
+    server_address.sin_port = htons(port_number);
+    server_address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
+
+    char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
+
+    // Listen
+    if (bind(socket_file_descriptor, (struct sockaddr *) &server_address, sizeof(server_address)) < 0) {
+        fputs(stderr, "Cannot bind socket");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    listen(socket_file_descriptor, INCOMING_CONNECTIONS_TO_QUEUE);
+
+    // Accept connection
+    struct sockaddr_in client_address;
+    socklen_t client_address_length = sizeof(client_address);
+    int clientsocket_file_descriptor = accept(socket_file_descriptor, (struct sockaddr *) &client_address, &client_address_length);
+    if (clientsocket_file_descriptor < 0) {
+        fputs(stderr, "Cannot accept TCP connection from socket");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    bzero(buffer, 256);
+
+    // Read
+    ssize_t bytesTransfered;
+    bytesTransfered = read(clientsocket_file_descriptor, buffer, 255);
+    if (bytesTransfered < 0) {
+        fputs(stderr, "Cannot read from socket");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    printf("Got message: %s\n", buffer);
+
+    // Write
+    bytesTransfered = write(clientsocket_file_descriptor, "Received message: ", 18);
+    if (bytesTransfered < 0) {
+        fputs(stderr, "Cannot write to socket");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    bytesTransfered = write(clientsocket_file_descriptor, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
+    if (bytesTransfered < 0) {
+        fputs(stderr, "Cannot write to socket");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/README.md b/CSE 381 (Systems II - OS, Currency, Virtualization, and Security)/README.md
