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grammar.js
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// Precedence is used by the parser to determine which rule to apply when there are two rules that can be applied.
// We use the PREC dict to globally define rule precedence
// [N] corresponds to precedence table at https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.24/cheatsheet.html#order-of-precedence-of-operators
const PREC = {
COMMENT: 1,
STRING: 2,
COMMA: -1, // [15] Comma operator
OBJECT: -1,
USER_TYPE: 1,
DECLARATION: 1,
TERNARY: 0, // [14] Ternary operator
ASSIGN: 0, // [14] Assignment operators
LOGICAL_OR: 1, // [13] Logical OR
LOGICAL_AND: 2, // [12] Logical AND
REL_EQ: 3, // [11] Equality operators
REL_INEQ: 4, // [10] Inequality operators
BITWISE_OR: 5, // [9] Bitwise OR
BITWISE_XOR: 6, // [8] Bitwise XOR
BITWISE_AND: 7, // [7] Bitwise AND
BITWISE_SHIFT: 8, // [6] Bitwise shift operators
PLUS: 9, // [5] Addition and substraction
TIMES: 10, // [4] Multiplication, division and modulo
EXP: 11, // [3] Exponentiation
PREFIX_UNARY: 12, // [2]
POSTFIX_UNARY: 13, // [1]
CALL: 13, // ??
REVERT: 13, // ??
}
// The following is the core grammar for Solidity. It accepts Solidity smart contracts between the versions 0.4.x and 0.7.x.
module.exports = grammar({
name: 'solidity',
// Extras is an array of tokens that is allowed anywhere in the document.
extras: $ => [
// Allow comments to be placed anywhere in the file
$.comment,
// Allow characters such as whitespaces to be placed anywhere in the file
/[\s\uFEFF\u2060\u200B\u00A0]/
],
// The word token allows tree-sitter to appropriately handle scenario's where an identifier includes a keyword.
// Documentation: https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/creating-parsers#keywords
word: $ => $.identifier,
conflicts: $ => [
// The following conflicts are all due to the array type and array access expression ambiguity
[$._primary_expression, $.type_name],
[$._primary_expression, $._identifier_path],
[$._primary_expression, $.member_expression, $._identifier_path],
[$.member_expression, $._identifier_path],
[$._primary_expression, $.type_cast_expression],
[$.variable_declaration_tuple, $.tuple_expression],
[$._yul_expression, $.yul_assignment],
// Ambiguity: identifier ':'
[$.yul_label, $.yul_identifier],
// This is to deal with ambiguities arising from different fallback styles
[$.fallback_receive_definition, $._function_type]
],
rules: {
// -- [ Program ] --
source_file: $ => seq(
repeat($._source_unit),
),
// -- [ Source Element ] --
_source_unit: $ => choice(
$._directive,
$._declaration,
),
// -- [ Directives ] --
_directive: $ => choice(
$.pragma_directive,
$.import_directive,
),
// Pragma
pragma_directive: $ => seq(
"pragma",
choice($.solidity_pragma_token, $.any_pragma_token),
$._semicolon,
),
solidity_pragma_token: $ => prec(10, seq(
$._solidity,
repeat(seq(field("version_constraint", $._pragma_version_constraint), optional(choice("||", "-")))),
)),
any_pragma_token: $ => seq(
$.identifier,
$.pragma_value,
),
_solidity: $ => prec(1, "solidity"),
pragma_value: $ => prec(0, /[^;]+/),
_pragma_version_constraint: $ => seq(
optional($.solidity_version_comparison_operator),
$.solidity_version,
),
solidity_version: $ => /"?\.? ?(\d|\*)+(\. ?(\d|\*)+ ?(\.(\d|\*)+)?)?"?/,
solidity_version_comparison_operator: $ => choice("<=", "<", "^", ">", ">=", "~", "="),
// Import
import_directive: $ => seq(
'import',
choice(
$._source_import,
seq($._import_clause, $._from_clause)
),
$._semicolon,
),
_source_import: $ => seq(
field('source', $.string),
optional($._import_alias)
),
_import_clause: $ => choice(
$._single_import,
$._multiple_import,
),
_from_clause: $ => seq(
"from", field('source', $.string)
),
_single_import: $ => seq(
choice("*", field("import_name", $.identifier)),
optional($._import_alias)
),
_multiple_import: $ => seq(
'{',
commaSep($._import_declaration),
'}'
),
_import_declaration: $ => seq(
field("import_name", $.identifier),
optional($._import_alias)
),
_import_alias: $ => seq("as", field("alias", $.identifier)),
// -- [ Declarations ] --
_declaration: $ => choice(
$.contract_declaration,
$.interface_declaration,
$.error_declaration,
$.library_declaration,
$.struct_declaration,
$.enum_declaration,
$.function_definition,
$.constant_variable_declaration,
$.user_defined_type_definition,
$.event_definition,
),
user_defined_type_definition: $ => seq(
'type',
field("name", $.identifier),
'is',
$.primitive_type,
$._semicolon
),
constant_variable_declaration: $ => seq(
field("type", $.type_name),
"constant",
field("name", $.identifier),
'=',
field("value", $.expression),
$._semicolon
),
// Contract Declarations
contract_declaration: $ => seq(
optional('abstract'),
'contract',
field("name", $.identifier),
optional($._class_heritage),
field('body', $.contract_body),
),
error_declaration: $ => seq(
'error',
field("name", $.identifier),
'(', commaSep($.error_parameter), ')',
$._semicolon
),
error_parameter: $ => seq(
field("type", $.type_name),
field("name", optional($.identifier)),
),
interface_declaration: $ => seq(
'interface',
field("name", $.identifier),
optional($._class_heritage),
field('body', $.contract_body),
),
library_declaration: $ => seq(
'library',
field("name", $.identifier),
field('body', $.contract_body),
),
_class_heritage: $ => seq(
"is",
commaSep1($.inheritance_specifier)
),
inheritance_specifier: $ => seq(
field("ancestor", $.user_defined_type),
optional(field("ancestor_arguments", $._call_arguments)),
),
contract_body: $ => seq(
"{",
repeat($._contract_member),
"}",
),
_contract_member: $ => choice(
$.function_definition,
$.modifier_definition,
$.error_declaration,
$.state_variable_declaration,
$.struct_declaration,
$.enum_declaration,
$.event_definition,
$.using_directive,
$.constructor_definition,
$.fallback_receive_definition,
$.user_defined_type_definition,
),
struct_declaration: $ => seq(
'struct',
field("name", $.identifier),
field('body', $.struct_body),
),
struct_member: $ => seq(
field("type", $.type_name),
field("name", $.identifier),
$._semicolon
),
struct_body: $ => seq(
'{',
repeat1($.struct_member),
'}',
),
enum_declaration: $ => seq(
'enum',
field("name", $.identifier),
field('body', $.enum_body),
),
enum_body: $ => seq(
'{',
commaSep(alias($.identifier, $.enum_value)),
'}',
),
event_definition: $ => seq(
'event',
field('name', $.identifier),
$._event_parameter_list ,
optional('anonymous'),
$._semicolon
),
_event_parameter_list: $ => seq(
"(",
commaSep($.event_parameter),
")"
),
event_parameter: $ => seq(
field("type", $.type_name),
optional("indexed"),
optional(field("name", $.identifier)),
),
using_directive: $ => seq(
'using',
alias($.user_defined_type, $.type_alias),
'for',
field("source", choice($.any_source_type, $.type_name)),
$._semicolon
),
any_source_type: $ => '*',
// -- [ Statements ] --
statement: $ => choice(
$.block_statement,
$.expression_statement,
$.variable_declaration_statement,
$.if_statement,
$.for_statement,
$.while_statement,
$.do_while_statement,
$.continue_statement,
$.break_statement,
$.try_statement,
$.return_statement,
$.emit_statement,
$.assembly_statement,
$.revert_statement,
),
assembly_statement: $ => seq(
'assembly',
optional('"evmasm"'),
optional($.assembly_flags),
"{",
repeat($._yul_statement),
"}"
),
assembly_flags: $ => seq("(", commaSep($.string), ")"),
// -- [ Yul ] --
_yul_statement: $ => choice(
$.yul_block,
$.yul_variable_declaration,
$.yul_assignment,
$.yul_function_call,
$.yul_if_statement,
$.yul_for_statement,
$.yul_switch_statement,
$.yul_leave,
$.yul_break,
$.yul_continue,
$.yul_function_definition,
$.yul_label,
$._yul_literal
),
yul_label: $ => seq($.identifier, ":"),
yul_leave: $ => "leave",
yul_break: $ => "break",
yul_continue: $ => "continue",
yul_identifier: $ => $.identifier, ///[a-zA-Z$_]+/,
_yul_expression: $ => choice($.yul_path, $.yul_function_call, $._yul_literal),
yul_path: $ => prec.left(dotSep1($.yul_identifier)),
// -- Yul Literals --
_yul_literal: $ => choice(
$.yul_decimal_number,
$.yul_string_literal,
$.yul_hex_number,
$.yul_boolean,
),
yul_decimal_number: $ => /0|([1-9][0-9]*)/,
yul_string_literal: $ => $.string,
yul_hex_number: $ => /0x[0-9A-Fa-f]*/,
yul_boolean: $ => choice('true', 'false'),
// -- Yul Statements --
yul_block: $ => seq('{', repeat($._yul_statement), '}'),
yul_variable_declaration: $ => prec.left(PREC.DECLARATION, choice(
seq('let', field("left", $.yul_identifier), optional(seq(':=', field("right", $._yul_expression)))),
seq(
'let', field("left", choice(
commaSep1($.yul_identifier),
seq('(', commaSep1($.yul_identifier), ')')
)),
optional(seq(':=', field("right", $.yul_function_call)))),
)),
_yul_assignment_operator: $ => choice(":=", seq(":", "=")),
yul_assignment: $ => prec.left(PREC.ASSIGN, choice(
seq($.yul_path, $._yul_assignment_operator, $._yul_expression),
seq(commaSep1($.yul_path), optional(seq($._yul_assignment_operator, $.yul_function_call))),
)),
yul_function_call: $ => choice(
seq(
field("function", choice($.yul_identifier, $.yul_evm_builtin)), '(', commaSep($._yul_expression), ')'
),
field("function", $.yul_evm_builtin)
),
yul_if_statement: $ => seq('if', $._yul_expression, $.yul_block),
yul_for_statement: $ => seq('for', $.yul_block, $._yul_expression, $.yul_block, $.yul_block),
yul_switch_statement: $ => seq(
'switch', $._yul_expression,
choice(
seq('default', $.yul_block),
seq(
repeat1(seq('case', $._yul_literal, $.yul_block)),
optional(seq('default', $.yul_block)),
)
),
),
yul_function_definition: $ => seq(
'function', $.yul_identifier, '(', commaSep($.yul_identifier), ')',
optional(seq('->', commaSep1($.yul_identifier))),
$.yul_block
),
yul_evm_builtin: $ => prec(1, choice(
'stop',
'add',
'sub',
'mul',
'div',
'sdiv',
'mod',
'smod',
'exp',
'not',
'lt',
'gt',
'slt',
'sgt',
'eq',
'iszero',
'and',
'or',
'xor',
'byte',
'shl',
'shr',
'sar',
'addmod',
'mulmod',
'signextend',
'keccak256',
'pop',
'mload',
'mcopy',
'tload',
'tstore',
'mstore',
'mstore8',
'sload',
'sstore',
'msize',
'gas',
'address',
'balance',
'selfbalance',
'caller',
'callvalue',
'calldataload',
'calldatasize',
'calldatacopy',
'extcodesize',
'extcodecopy',
'returndatasize',
'returndatacopy',
'extcodehash',
'create',
'create2',
'call',
'callcode',
'delegatecall',
'staticcall',
'return',
'revert',
'selfdestruct',
'invalid',
'log0',
'log1',
'log2',
'log3',
'log4',
'chainid',
'origin',
'gasprice',
'blockhash',
'blobhash',
'basefee',
'blobfee',
'coinbase',
'timestamp',
'number',
'difficulty',
'gaslimit',
)),
// -- [ Statements ] --
unchecked: $ => "unchecked",
block_statement: $ => seq(
optional($.unchecked),
'{',
repeat($.statement),
"}"
),
variable_declaration_statement: $ => prec(1,seq(
choice(
seq($.variable_declaration, optional(seq('=', field("value", $.expression)))),
seq($.variable_declaration_tuple, '=', field("value", $.expression)),
),
$._semicolon
)),
variable_declaration: $ => seq(
field("type", $.type_name),
field("location", optional(choice('memory', 'storage', 'calldata'))),
field('name', $.identifier)
),
variable_declaration_tuple: $ => prec(3, choice(
seq(
'(',
commaSep(optional($.variable_declaration)),
')'
),
seq('var',
'(',
commaSep(optional($.identifier)),
')'
)
)),
expression_statement: $ => seq($.expression, $._semicolon),
if_statement: $ => prec.right(seq(
'if', '(',
field("condition", $.expression),
')',
field("body", $.statement),
field("else",
optional(
seq(
'else',
field("body", $.statement)
))
),
)),
for_statement: $ => seq(
'for', '(',
field("initial", choice($.variable_declaration_statement, $.expression_statement, $._semicolon)),
field("condition", choice($.expression_statement, $._semicolon)),
field("update", optional($.expression)),
')', field("body", $.statement),
),
while_statement: $ => seq(
'while', '(',field("condition", $.expression), ')', field("body", $.statement),
),
do_while_statement: $ => seq(
'do', field("body", $.statement), 'while', '(', field("condition", $.expression), ')', $._semicolon,
),
continue_statement: $ => seq('continue', $._semicolon),
break_statement: $ => seq('break', $._semicolon),
revert_statement: $ => prec(PREC.REVERT, seq(
'revert',
optional(field("error", $.expression)),
optional(alias($._call_arguments, $.revert_arguments)),
$._semicolon
)),
try_statement: $ => seq(
'try',
field("attempt", $.expression),
optional(seq('returns', $._parameter_list)),
field("body", $.block_statement),
repeat1($.catch_clause),
),
catch_clause: $ => seq(
'catch',
optional(seq(optional($.identifier), $._parameter_list)),
field("body", $.block_statement),
),
return_statement: $ => seq(
'return',
optional($.expression),
$._semicolon
),
emit_statement: $ => seq(
'emit',
field("name", $.expression),
$._call_arguments,
$._semicolon
),
// -- [ Definitions ] --
// Definitions
state_variable_declaration: $ => seq(
field("type", $.type_name),
repeat(choice(
field('visibility', $.visibility), // FIXME: this also allows external
"constant",
$.override_specifier,
$.immutable,
field('location', $.state_location)
)),
field("name", $.identifier),
optional(seq(
'=', field("value", $.expression)
)),
$._semicolon
),
visibility: $ => choice(
'public',
'internal',
'private',
'external',
),
state_mutability: $ => choice(
'pure',
'view',
'payable'
),
state_location: $ => choice(
"transient"
),
immutable: $ => 'immutable',
override_specifier: $ => seq(
'override',
optional(seq(
'(',
commaSep1($.user_defined_type),
')',
))
),
modifier_definition: $ => seq(
"modifier",
field("name", $.identifier),
optional($._parameter_list),
repeat(choice(
$.virtual,
$.override_specifier,
)),
choice($._semicolon, field("body", $.function_body)),
),
constructor_definition: $ => seq(
'constructor',
$._parameter_list,
repeat(choice(
$.modifier_invocation,
'payable',
choice('internal', 'public'),
)),
field('body', $.function_body),
),
fallback_receive_definition: $ => seq(
choice(seq(
// optional("function"),
choice('fallback', 'receive', 'function'),
),
"function"
),
// #todo: only fallback should get arguments
$._parameter_list,
// FIXME: We use repeat to allow for unorderedness. However, this means that the parser
// accepts more than just the solidity language. The same problem exists for other definition rules.
repeat(choice(
$.visibility,
$.modifier_invocation,
$.state_mutability,
$.virtual,
$.override_specifier,
)),
choice($._semicolon, field('body', $.function_body))
),
function_definition: $ => seq(
"function",
field("name", $.identifier),
$._parameter_list,
repeat(choice(
$.modifier_invocation,
$.visibility,
$.state_mutability,
$.virtual,
$.override_specifier,
)),
field("return_type", optional($.return_type_definition)),
choice($._semicolon, field('body', $.function_body))
),
return_type_definition: $ => seq(
'returns',
$._parameter_list,
),
virtual: $ => "virtual",
modifier_invocation: $ => seq($._identifier_path, optional($._call_arguments)),
_call_arguments: $ => prec(4,
seq(
'(',
commaSep($.call_argument),
')'
),
),
call_argument: $ => choice(
$.expression,
seq("{", commaSep($.call_struct_argument), "}"),
),
call_struct_argument: $ => seq(
field("name", $.identifier),
":",
field("value", $.expression)
),
function_body: $ => seq(
"{",
repeat($.statement),
"}",
),
// Expressions
expression: $ => choice(
$.binary_expression,
$.unary_expression,
$.update_expression,
$.call_expression,
// TODO: $.function_call_options_expression,
$.payable_conversion_expression,
$.meta_type_expression,
$._primary_expression,
$.struct_expression,
$.ternary_expression,
$.type_cast_expression,
),
_primary_expression: $ => choice(
$.parenthesized_expression,
$.member_expression,
$.array_access,
$.slice_access,
$.primitive_type,
$.assignment_expression,
$.augmented_assignment_expression,
$.user_defined_type,
$.tuple_expression,
$.inline_array_expression,
$.identifier,
$._literal,
$.new_expression,
),
// TODO: back this up with official documentation
type_cast_expression: $ => prec.left(seq($.primitive_type, $._call_arguments)),
ternary_expression: $ => prec.left(seq($.expression, "?", $.expression, ':', $.expression)),
// TODO: make sure call arguments are part of solidity
new_expression: $ => prec.left(seq('new', field("name", $.type_name), optional($._call_arguments))),
tuple_expression: $ => prec(1, seq('(', commaSep(optional($.expression)), ')' )),
inline_array_expression: $ => seq('[', commaSep($.expression), ']' ),
binary_expression: $ => choice(
...[
// [13] Logical OR
['||', PREC.LOGICAL_OR],
// [12] Logical AND
['&&', PREC.LOGICAL_AND],
// [11] Equality operators
['==', PREC.REL_EQ],
['!=', PREC.REL_EQ],
// [10] Inequality operators
['<', PREC.REL_INEQ],
['>', PREC.REL_INEQ],
['<=', PREC.REL_INEQ],
['>=', PREC.REL_INEQ],
// [9] Bitwise OR
['|', PREC.BITWISE_OR],
// [8] Bitwise XOR
['^', PREC.BITWISE_XOR],
// [7] Bitwise AND
['&', PREC.BITWISE_AND],
// [6] Bitwise shift operators
['<<', PREC.BITWISE_SHIFT],
['>>', PREC.BITWISE_SHIFT],
// [5] Addition and subtraction
['+', PREC.PLUS],
['-', PREC.PLUS],
// [4] Multiplication, division and modulo
['*', PREC.TIMES],
['/', PREC.TIMES],
['%', PREC.TIMES],
// [3] Exponentiation
['**', PREC.EXP],
].map(([operator, precedence]) =>
prec.left(precedence, seq(
field('left', $.expression),
field('operator', operator),
field('right', $.expression)
))
)
),
unary_expression: $ => choice(...[
// [2] Unary minus
['-', PREC.PREFIX_UNARY],
// [2] Unary operations
['delete', PREC.PREFIX_UNARY],
// [2] Bitwise NOT
['!', PREC.PREFIX_UNARY],
// [2] Bitwise NOT
['~', PREC.PREFIX_UNARY],
].map(([operator, precedence]) =>
prec.left(precedence, seq(
field('operator', operator),
field('argument', $.expression)
))
)),
update_expression: $ => choice(
prec.left(PREC.POSTFIX_UNARY, seq(
field('argument', $.expression),
field('operator', choice('++', '--'))
)),
prec.left(PREC.PREFIX_UNARY, seq(
field('operator', choice('++', '--')),
field('argument', $.expression)
)),
),
member_expression: $ => prec.dynamic(1, seq(
field('object', choice(
$.expression,
$.identifier,
)),
'.',
field('property', $.identifier)
)),
array_access: $ => seq(
field('base', $.expression),
'[',
optional(field('index', $.expression)),
']'
),
slice_access: $ => seq(
field('base', $.expression),
'[',
optional(field('from', $.expression)),
':',
optional(field('to', $.expression)),
']'
),
struct_expression: $ => seq(
field("type", $.expression),
"{",
commaSep($.struct_field_assignment),
"}"
),
struct_field_assignment: $ => seq(
field("name", $.identifier),
":",
field("value", $.expression),
),
parenthesized_expression: $ => prec(2, seq('(', $.expression, ')')),
assignment_expression: $ => prec.right(PREC.ASSIGN, seq(
field('left', $.expression),
'=',
field('right', $.expression)
)),
augmented_assignment_expression: $ => prec.right(PREC.ASSIGN, seq(
field('left', $.expression),
choice('+=', '-=', '*=', '/=', '%=', '^=', '&=', '|=', '>>=', '<<=',),
field('right', $.expression)
)),
call_expression: $ => prec.right(PREC.CALL, seq(
field("function", $.expression),
$._call_arguments
)),
payable_conversion_expression: $ => seq('payable', $._call_arguments),
meta_type_expression: $ => seq('type', '(', $.type_name, ')'),
type_name: $ => choice(
$.primitive_type,
$.user_defined_type,
$._mapping,
$._array_type,
$._function_type,
),
_array_type: $ => prec(1, seq($.type_name, '[', optional($.expression), ']')),
_function_type: $ => prec.right(seq(
'function',
field("parameters", $._parameter_list),
repeat(choice(
$.visibility,
$.state_mutability,
)),
optional($._return_parameters),
)),
_parameter_list: $ => seq(
'(', commaSep($.parameter), ')'
),
_return_parameters: $ => seq(
'returns', '(', commaSep1(alias($._nameless_parameter, $.return_parameter)), ')'
),
_nameless_parameter: $ => seq(
field("type", $.type_name),
field("location", optional($._storage_location)),
),
parameter: $ => seq(
field("type", $.type_name),
optional(field("location", $._storage_location)),
optional(field("name", $.identifier)),
),
_storage_location: $ => choice(
'memory',
'storage',
'calldata'
),
user_defined_type: $ => $._identifier_path,
_identifier_path: $ => prec.left(dotSep1( $.identifier)),
_mapping: $ => seq(
'mapping', '(',
field("key_type", $._mapping_key),
optional(field('key_identifier', $.identifier)),
'=>',
field("value_type", $.type_name),
optional(field('value_identifier', $.identifier)),
')',
),
_mapping_key: $ => choice(
$.primitive_type,
$.user_defined_type
),
primitive_type: $ => prec.left(choice(
seq('address', optional('payable')),
'bool',
'string',
'var',
$._int,
$._uint,
$._bytes,
$._fixed,
$._ufixed,
)),
_int: $ => choice (
'int', 'int8', 'int16', 'int24', 'int32', 'int40', 'int48', 'int56', 'int64', 'int72', 'int80', 'int88', 'int96', 'int104', 'int112', 'int120', 'int128', 'int136', 'int144', 'int152', 'int160', 'int168', 'int176', 'int184', 'int192', 'int200', 'int208', 'int216', 'int224', 'int232', 'int240', 'int248', 'int256'
),
_uint: $ => choice (
'uint', 'uint8', 'uint16', 'uint24', 'uint32', 'uint40', 'uint48', 'uint56', 'uint64', 'uint72', 'uint80', 'uint88', 'uint96', 'uint104', 'uint112', 'uint120', 'uint128', 'uint136', 'uint144', 'uint152', 'uint160', 'uint168', 'uint176', 'uint184', 'uint192', 'uint200', 'uint208', 'uint216', 'uint224', 'uint232', 'uint240', 'uint248', 'uint256'
),
_bytes: $ => choice (
'byte', 'bytes', 'bytes1', 'bytes2', 'bytes3', 'bytes4', 'bytes5', 'bytes6', 'bytes7', 'bytes8', 'bytes9', 'bytes10', 'bytes11', 'bytes12', 'bytes13', 'bytes14', 'bytes15', 'bytes16', 'bytes17', 'bytes18', 'bytes19', 'bytes20', 'bytes21', 'bytes22', 'bytes23', 'bytes24', 'bytes25', 'bytes26', 'bytes27', 'bytes28', 'bytes29', 'bytes30', 'bytes31', 'bytes32'
),
_fixed: $ => choice (
'fixed',
/fixed([0-9]+)x([0-9]+)/
),
_ufixed: $ => choice (
'ufixed',
/ufixed([0-9]+)x([0-9]+)/
),
_semicolon: $ => ';',