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NVIDIA K8s Device Plugin to assign GPUs and vGPUs to KubeVirt VMs

Starting from v1.1.0, we will only be supporting KubeVirt v0.36.0 or newer. Please use v1.0.1 for compatibility with older KubeVirt versions.

Table of Contents

About

This is a kubernetes device plugin that can discover and expose GPUs and vGPUs on a kubernetes node. This device plugin will enable to launch GPU attached KubeVirt VMs in your kubernetes cluster. Its specifically developed to serve KubeVirt workloads in a Kubernetes cluster.

Features

  • Discovers Nvidia GPUs which are bound to VFIO-PCI driver and exposes them as devices available to be attached to VM in pass through mode.
  • Discovers Nvidia vGPUs configured on a kubernetes node and exposes them to be attached to KubeVirt VMs
  • Performs basic health check on the GPU on a kubernetes node.

Prerequisites

  • Need to have Nvidia GPU configured for GPU passthrough or vGPU. Quickstart section provides details about this
  • Kubernetes version >= v1.11
  • KubeVirt release >= v0.36.0
  • KubeVirt GPU feature gate should be enabled and permitted devices should be whitelisted. Feature gate is enabled by creating a ConfigMap. ConfigMap yaml can be found under /examples.

Quick Start

Before starting the device plug, the GPUs on a kubernetes node need to configured to be in GPU pass through mode or vGPU mode

Whitelist GPU and vGPU in KubeVirt CR

GPUs and vGPUs should be allowlisted in the KubeVirt CR following the instructions outlined here. An example KubeVirt CR can be found under /examples.

Preparing a GPU to be used in pass through mode

GPU needs to be loaded with VFIO-PCI driver to be used in pass through mode

1. Enable IOMMU and blacklist nouveau driver on KVM Host

Append "intel_iommu=on modprobe.blacklist=nouveau" to "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX"

$ vi /etc/default/grub
# line 6: add (if AMD CPU, add [amd_iommu=on])
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet intel_iommu=on modprobe.blacklist=nouveau"
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
Legacy Mode (BIOS)
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
reboot
UEFI Mode
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg
reboot

After rebooting, verify IOMMU is enabled using following command

dmesg | grep -E "DMAR|IOMMU"

Verify that nouveau is disabled

dmesg | grep -i nouveau
2. Enable vfio-pci kernel module

Determine vendor-ID and device-ID of the GPU using following command

lspci -nn | grep -i nvidia

In the example below the vendor-ID is 10de and device-ID is 1b38

$ lspci -nn | grep -i nvidia
04:00.0 3D controller [0302]: NVIDIA Corporation GP102GL [Tesla P40] [10de:1b38] (rev a1)

Update VFIO config

echo "options vfio-pci ids=vendor-ID:device-ID" > /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf

Considering vendor-ID is 10de and device-ID is 1b38 command will be as follows

echo "options vfio-pci ids=10de:1b38" > /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf

Update config to load VFIO-PCI module after reboot

echo 'vfio-pci' > /etc/modules-load.d/vfio-pci.conf
reboot

Verify VFIO-PCI driver is loaded for the GPU

lspci -nnk -d 10de:

Output below shows that "Kernel driver in use" is "vfio-pci"

$ lspci -nnk -d 10de:
04:00.0 3D controller [0302]: NVIDIA Corporation GP102GL [Tesla P40] [10de:1b38] (rev a1)
        Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device [10de:11d9]
        Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci
        Kernel modules: nouveau

Preparing a GPU to be used in vGPU mode

Nvidia Virtual GPU manager needs to be installed on the host to configure GPUs in vGPU mode.

1. Change to the mdev_supported_types directory for the physical GPU.
$ cd /sys/class/mdev_bus/domain\:bus\:slot.function/mdev_supported_types/

This example changes to the mdev_supported_types directory for the GPU with the domain 0000 and PCI device BDF 06:00.0.

$ cd /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000\:06\:00.0/mdev_supported_types/
2. Find out which subdirectory of mdev_supported_types contains registration information for the vGPU type that you want to create.
$ grep -l "vgpu-type" nvidia-*/name
vgpu-type

The vGPU type, for example, M10-2Q. This example shows that the registration information for the M10-2Q vGPU type is contained in the nvidia-41 subdirectory of mdev_supported_types.

$ grep -l "M10-2Q" nvidia-*/name
nvidia-41/name
3. Confirm that you can create an instance of the vGPU type on the physical GPU.
$ cat subdirectory/available_instances

subdirectory -- The subdirectory that you found in the previous step, for example, nvidia-41.

The number of available instances must be at least 1. If the number is 0, either an instance of another vGPU type already exists on the physical GPU, or the maximum number of allowed instances has already been created.

This example shows that four more instances of the M10-2Q vGPU type can be created on the physical GPU.

$ cat nvidia-41/available_instances
4
4. Generate a correctly formatted universally unique identifier (UUID) for the vGPU.
$ uuidgen
aa618089-8b16-4d01-a136-25a0f3c73123
5. Write the UUID that you obtained in the previous step to create the file in the registration information directory for the vGPU type that you want to create.
$ echo "uuid"> subdirectory/create

uuid -- The UUID that you generated in the previous step, which will become the UUID of the vGPU that you want to create.

subdirectory -- The registration information directory for the vGPU type that you want to create, for example, nvidia-41.

This example creates an instance of the M10-2Q vGPU type with the UUID aa618089-8b16-4d01-a136-25a0f3c73123.

$ echo "aa618089-8b16-4d01-a136-25a0f3c73123" > nvidia-41/create

An mdev device file for the vGPU is added to the parent physical device directory of the vGPU. The vGPU is identified by its UUID.

The /sys/bus/mdev/devices/ directory contains a symbolic link to the mdev device file.

6. Confirm that the vGPU was created.
$ ls -l /sys/bus/mdev/devices/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Nov 24 13:33 aa618089-8b16-4d01-a136-25a0f3c73123 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/0000:03:00.0/0000:04:09.0/0000:06:00.0/aa618089-8b16-4d01-a136-25a0f3c73123

Docs

Deployment

The daemon set creation yaml can be used to deploy the device plugin.

kubectl apply -f nvidia-kubevirt-gpu-device-plugin.yaml

Example YAMLs for creating VMs with GPU/vGPU are in the examples folder

Build

Change to proper DOCKER_REPO and DOCKER_TAG env before building images e.g.

export DOCKER_REPO="quay.io/nvidia/kubevirt-gpu-device-plugin"
export DOCKER_TAG=devel

Build executable binary using make

make

Build docker image

make build-image DOCKER_REPO=<docker-repo-url> DOCKER_TAG=<image-tag>

Push docker image to a docker repo

make push-image DOCKER_REPO=<docker-repo-url> DOCKER_TAG=<image-tag>

To Do

  • Improve the healthcheck mechanism for GPUs with VFIO-PCI drivers
  • Support GetPreferredAllocation API of DevicePluginServer. It returns a preferred set of devices to allocate from a list of available ones. The resulting preferred allocation is not guaranteed to be the allocation ultimately performed by the devicemanager. It is only designed to help the devicemanager make a more informed allocation decision when possible. It has not been implemented in kubevirt-gpu-device-plugin.