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jpegtopdf.c
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jpegtopdf.c
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/*
* Convert series of JPEG files into a comic-book format PDF.
* Center images on an A4 page, rotate landscape spreads.
*/
/* A4: 595 x 842 */
enum
{
PAGEW = 595,
PAGEH = 842,
MARGIN = 36
};
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
unsigned int pagew = PAGEW;
unsigned int pageh = PAGEH;
unsigned int margin = MARGIN;
int center = 1;
unsigned int dpi = 72;
int pages[8000];
int npages = 0;
int xref[8000*3+100];
int nxref = 0;
typedef struct {
FILE *fp; /* file pointer for jpeg file */
char *filename; /* name of image file */
int filesize;
int width; /* pixels per line */
int height; /* rows */
int components; /* number of color components */
int bits_per_component; /* bits per color component */
float dpi; /* image resolution in dots per inch */
} imagedata;
enum { FALSE, TRUE };
/* JPEG marker codes stolen from the IJG JPEG library. */
enum
{
M_SOF0 = 0xc0, /* baseline DCT */
M_SOF1 = 0xc1, /* extended sequential DCT */
M_SOF2 = 0xc2, /* progressive DCT */
M_SOF3 = 0xc3, /* lossless (sequential) */
M_SOF5 = 0xc5, /* differential sequential DCT */
M_SOF6 = 0xc6, /* differential progressive DCT */
M_SOF7 = 0xc7, /* differential lossless */
M_JPG = 0xc8, /* JPEG extensions */
M_SOF9 = 0xc9, /* extended sequential DCT */
M_SOF10 = 0xca, /* progressive DCT */
M_SOF11 = 0xcb, /* lossless (sequential) */
M_SOF13 = 0xcd, /* differential sequential DCT */
M_SOF14 = 0xce, /* differential progressive DCT */
M_SOF15 = 0xcf, /* differential lossless */
M_DHT = 0xc4, /* define Huffman tables */
M_DAC = 0xcc, /* define arithmetic conditioning table */
M_RST0 = 0xd0, /* restart */
M_RST1 = 0xd1, /* restart */
M_RST2 = 0xd2, /* restart */
M_RST3 = 0xd3, /* restart */
M_RST4 = 0xd4, /* restart */
M_RST5 = 0xd5, /* restart */
M_RST6 = 0xd6, /* restart */
M_RST7 = 0xd7, /* restart */
M_SOI = 0xd8, /* start of image */
M_EOI = 0xd9, /* end of image */
M_SOS = 0xda, /* start of scan */
M_DQT = 0xdb, /* define quantization tables */
M_DNL = 0xdc, /* define number of lines */
M_DRI = 0xdd, /* define restart interval */
M_DHP = 0xde, /* define hierarchical progression */
M_EXP = 0xdf, /* expand reference image(s) */
M_APP0 = 0xe0, /* application marker, used for JFIF */
M_APP1 = 0xe1, /* application marker */
M_APP2 = 0xe2, /* application marker */
M_APP3 = 0xe3, /* application marker */
M_APP4 = 0xe4, /* application marker */
M_APP5 = 0xe5, /* application marker */
M_APP6 = 0xe6, /* application marker */
M_APP7 = 0xe7, /* application marker */
M_APP8 = 0xe8, /* application marker */
M_APP9 = 0xe9, /* application marker */
M_APP10 = 0xea, /* application marker */
M_APP11 = 0xeb, /* application marker */
M_APP12 = 0xec, /* application marker */
M_APP13 = 0xed, /* application marker */
M_APP14 = 0xee, /* application marker, used by Adobe */
M_APP15 = 0xef, /* application marker */
M_JPG0 = 0xf0, /* reserved for JPEG extensions */
M_JPG13 = 0xfd, /* reserved for JPEG extensions */
M_COM = 0xfe, /* comment */
M_TEM = 0x01, /* temporary use */
M_ERROR = 0x100 /* dummy marker, internal use only */
};
/* read two byte parameter, MSB first */
static inline unsigned int getshort(FILE *fp)
{
unsigned int val;
val = (unsigned int) (getc(fp) << 8);
val += (unsigned int) (getc(fp));
return val;
}
/* look for next JPEG Marker */
static inline int nextmarker(FILE *fp)
{
int c;
if (feof(fp))
return M_ERROR; /* dummy marker */
do {
/* skip to FF */
do { c = getc(fp); } while (c != 0xFF);
/* skip repeated FFs */
do { c = getc(fp); } while (c == 0xFF);
/* repeat if FF/00 */
} while (c == 0x00);
return c;
}
int scanjpeg(imagedata *image)
{
int b, c, unit;
unsigned long i, length = 0;
#define APP_MAX 255
unsigned char appstring[APP_MAX];
int SOF_done = FALSE;
/* process JPEG markers */
while (!SOF_done && (c = nextmarker(image->fp)) != M_EOI)
{
switch (c)
{
case M_ERROR:
fprintf(stderr, "Error: unexpected end of JPEG file!\n");
return FALSE;
/* The following are not officially supported in PostScript level 2 */
case M_SOF2:
case M_SOF3:
case M_SOF5:
case M_SOF6:
case M_SOF7:
case M_SOF9:
case M_SOF10:
case M_SOF11:
case M_SOF13:
case M_SOF14:
case M_SOF15:
fprintf(stderr, "Warning: JPEG file uses compression method %X - proceeding anyway.\n", c);
fprintf(stderr, "PostScript output does not work on all PS interpreters!\n");
/* FALLTHROUGH */
case M_SOF0:
case M_SOF1:
length = getshort(image->fp); /* read segment length */
image->bits_per_component = getc(image->fp);
image->height = getshort(image->fp);
image->width = getshort(image->fp);
image->components = getc(image->fp);
SOF_done = TRUE;
break;
/* check for JFIF marker with resolution */
case M_APP0:
length = getshort(image->fp);
for (i = 0; i < length - 2; i++) {
b = getc(image->fp);
if (i < sizeof appstring)
appstring[i] = (unsigned char) b;
}
/* Check for JFIF application marker and read density values
* per JFIF spec version 1.02.
* We only check X resolution, assuming X and Y resolution are equal.
* Use values only if resolution not preset by user or to be ignored.
*/
#define ASPECT_RATIO 0 /* JFIF unit byte: aspect ratio only */
#define DOTS_PER_INCH 1 /* JFIF unit byte: dots per inch */
#define DOTS_PER_CM 2 /* JFIF unit byte: dots per cm */
if (length >= 14 && !strncmp((const char *)appstring, "JFIF", 4))
{
unit = appstring[7]; /* resolution unit */
image->dpi = (float) ((appstring[8]<<8) + appstring[9]);
/* resolution value */
if (image->dpi == 0.0)
break;
switch (unit)
{
case ASPECT_RATIO:
image->dpi = 0.0;
break;
case DOTS_PER_INCH:
break;
case DOTS_PER_CM:
image->dpi *= (float) 2.54;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "Warning: JPEG file contains unknown JFIF resolution unit - ignored!\n");
image->dpi = 0;
break;
}
}
break;
/* ignore markers without parameters */
case M_SOI:
case M_EOI:
case M_TEM:
case M_RST0:
case M_RST1:
case M_RST2:
case M_RST3:
case M_RST4:
case M_RST5:
case M_RST6:
case M_RST7:
break;
/* skip variable length markers */
default:
length = getshort(image->fp);
for (length -= 2; length > 0; length--)
(void) getc(image->fp);
break;
}
}
/* do some sanity checks with the parameters */
if (image->height <= 0 || image->width <= 0 || image->components <= 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Error: DNL marker not supported in PostScript Level 2!\n");
return FALSE;
}
/* some broken JPEG files have this but they print anyway... */
if (length != (unsigned int) (image->components * 3 + 8))
fprintf(stderr, "Warning: SOF marker has incorrect length - ignored!\n");
if (image->bits_per_component != 8) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: %d bits per color component ", image->bits_per_component);
fprintf(stderr, "not supported in PostScript level 2!\n");
return FALSE;
}
if (image->components!=1 && image->components!=3 && image->components!=4) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: unknown color space (%d components)!\n", image->components);
return FALSE;
}
fseek(image->fp, 0, SEEK_END);
image->filesize = ftell(image->fp);
fseek(image->fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
return TRUE;
}
static int JPEGtoPS(imagedata * JPEG, FILE * PSfile)
{
float xscale, yscale, scale;
char buf[4096];
int n;
int w, h;
int pw, ph;
/* read image parameters and fill JPEG struct */
if (!scanjpeg(JPEG)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: '%s' is not a proper JPEG file!\n", JPEG->filename);
return;
}
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: %dx%d %s ",
JPEG->filename, JPEG->width, JPEG->height,
(JPEG->components == 1 ? "gray" : "rgb"));
if (center) {
if (JPEG->width < JPEG->height) {
printf("portrait ");
pw = pagew;
ph = pageh;
}
else {
printf("landscape ");
pw = pageh;
ph = pagew;
}
xscale = (float) (pw - margin * 2) / JPEG->width;
yscale = (float) (ph - margin * 2) / JPEG->height;
scale = xscale < yscale ? xscale : yscale;
printf("%g\n", scale);
w = JPEG->width * scale;
h = JPEG->height * scale;
}
else {
if (JPEG->width < JPEG->height) {
printf("portrait ");
pw = JPEG->width * 72 / dpi;
ph = JPEG->height * 72 / dpi;
}
else {
printf("landscape ");
pw = JPEG->height * 72 / dpi;
ph = JPEG->width * 72 / dpi;
}
printf("[%d,%d]\n", pw, ph);
w = JPEG->width * 72 / dpi;
h = JPEG->height * 72 / dpi;
}
xref[nxref++] = ftell(PSfile);
fprintf(PSfile, "%d 0 obj\n", nxref);
fprintf(PSfile, "<</Type/XObject/Subtype/Image\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "/Width %d /Height %d\n", JPEG->width, JPEG->height);
fprintf(PSfile, "/ColorSpace/%s\n", JPEG->components == 1 ? "DeviceGray" : "DeviceRGB");
fprintf(PSfile, "/BitsPerComponent %d\n", JPEG->bits_per_component);
fprintf(PSfile, "/Length %d\n", JPEG->filesize);
fprintf(PSfile, "/Filter/DCTDecode\n");
fprintf(PSfile, ">>\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "stream\n");
/* copy data from jpeg file */
fseek(JPEG->fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
while ((n = fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf), JPEG->fp)) != 0)
fwrite(buf, 1, n, PSfile);
fprintf(PSfile, "endstream\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "endobj\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "\n");
sprintf(buf, "%d 0 0 %d %d %d cm /x%d Do\n",
w, h, (pw-w)/2, (ph-h)/2, nxref);
xref[nxref++] = ftell(PSfile);
fprintf(PSfile, "%d 0 obj\n<</Length %d>>\n", nxref, strlen(buf));
fprintf(PSfile, "stream\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "%s", buf);
fprintf(PSfile, "endstream\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "endobj\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "\n");
xref[nxref++] = ftell(PSfile);
fprintf(PSfile, "%d 0 obj\n", nxref);
fprintf(PSfile, "<</Type/Page/Parent 3 0 R\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "/Resources << /XObject << /x%d %d 0 R >> >>\n", nxref-2, nxref-2);
fprintf(PSfile, "/MediaBox [0 0 %d %d]\n", pw, ph);
fprintf(PSfile, "/Contents %d 0 R\n", nxref-1);
fprintf(PSfile, ">>\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "endobj\n");
fprintf(PSfile, "\n");
return nxref;
}
void usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr, "usage: tocomicpdf -o outfile.pdf -t 'title' [files.jpg]\n");
exit(2);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
imagedata image;
FILE *outfile;
int i;
int startxref;
char *outname = "out.pdf";
char *title = "(Untitled)";
int c;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "o:t:fh:w:m:d:")) != -1)
{
switch (c)
{
case 'o':
outname = optarg;
break;
case 't':
title = optarg;
break;
case 'f':
center = 0;
break;
case 'h':
pageh = atoi(optarg) / 10.0f / 2.54f * 72.0f;
break;
case 'w':
pagew = atoi(optarg) / 10.0f / 2.54f * 72.0f;
break;
case 'm':
margin = atoi(optarg) / 10.0f / 2.54f * 72.0f;
break;
case 'd':
dpi = atoi(optarg);
break;
default:
usage();
break;
}
}
if (center)
printf("Centering images on pages\n");
else
printf("Fitting pages to images\n");
image.filename = NULL;
outfile = fopen(outname, "w");
fprintf(outfile, "%%PDF-1.3\n\n");
xref[nxref++] = ftell(outfile);
fprintf(outfile, "1 0 obj\n");
fprintf(outfile, "<</Type/Catalog/Pages 3 0 R>>\n");
fprintf(outfile, "endobj\n\n");
xref[nxref++] = ftell(outfile);
fprintf(outfile, "2 0 obj\n");
fprintf(outfile, "<</Creator(jpegtopdf)/Title(%s)>>\n", title);
fprintf(outfile, "endobj\n\n");
/* delay obj #3 (pages) until later */
nxref++;
for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
image.filename = argv[i];
if ((image.fp = fopen(image.filename, "r")) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: couldn't read JPEG file '%s'!\n",
image.filename), exit(1);
}
pages[npages++] = JPEGtoPS(&image, outfile); /* convert JPEG data */
fclose(image.fp);
}
xref[2] = ftell(outfile);
fprintf(outfile, "3 0 obj\n");
fprintf(outfile, "<</Type/Pages/Count %d/Kids[\n", npages);
for (i = 0; i < npages; i++)
fprintf(outfile, "%d 0 R\n", pages[i]);
fprintf(outfile, "]>>\nendobj\n\n");
startxref = ftell(outfile);
fprintf(outfile, "xref\n0 %d\n", nxref + 1);
fprintf(outfile, "0000000000 65535 f \n");
for (i = 0; i < nxref; i++)
fprintf(outfile, "%0.10d 00000 n \n", xref[i]);
fprintf(outfile, "trailer\n<< /Size %d /Root 1 0 R /Info 2 0 R >>\n", nxref + 1);
fprintf(outfile, "startxref\n%d\n%%%%EOF\n", startxref);
fclose(outfile);
return 0;
}