cargo sqlx prepare - exactly same url works for the psql command, but not when I run cargo sqlx prepare

[jesikmin]

I have found these related issues/pull requests

Maybe #1716 and #1162

Description

 psql "postgresql://postgres:<password>@<url>:5432/postgres?sslmode=verify-ca&sslrootcert=ca.pem&sslcert=cert.pem&sslkey=key.pem"

This works:

psql (14.11 (Homebrew), server 17.2)
WARNING: psql major version 14, server major version 17.
         Some psql features might not work.
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.3, cipher: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, bits: 256, compression: off)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=>

but when I do

DATABASE_URL="postgresql://postgres:<password>@<url>:5432/postgres?sslmode=verify-ca&sslrootcert=ca.pem&sslcert=cert.pem&sslkey=key.pem" cargo sqlx prepare

or

cargo sqlx prepare -D "postgresql://postgres:<password>@<url>:5432/postgres?sslmode=verify-ca&sslrootcert=ca.pem&sslcert=cert.pem&sslkey=key.pem"

I get

error: error communicating with database: No such file or directory (os error 2)
  --> src/run_webserver.rs:56:16
   |
56 |     let rows = sqlx::query!("SELECT version()")
   |                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   |
   = note: this error originates in the macro `$crate::sqlx_macros::expand_query` which comes from the expansion of the macro `sqlx::query` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)

error: could not compile `library` (lib) due to 1 previous error
error: `cargo check` failed with status: exit status: 101

Reproduction steps

Here's my cargo.toml

rustls = "0.23.22"
serde = { version = "1.0.217", features = ["derive"] }
sqlx = { version = "0.8.3", features = [
    "chrono",
    "json",
    "migrate",
    "postgres",
    "runtime-tokio",
    "tls-native-tls",
    "tls-rustls",
    "rust_decimal",
    "uuid",
    "sqlite",
] }
tokio = { version = "1.43.0", features = ["full"] }

and the code:

    let database_url = env::var("DATABASE_URL").expect("Failed to get DATABASE_URL.");

    let pool = PgPoolOptions::new()
        .max_connections(10)
        .connect(&database_url)
        .await?;

    let rows = sqlx::query!("SELECT version()")
        .fetch_one(&pool)
        .await?;
    
    println!("Database version: {}", rows.get(0));

    Ok(())

SQLx version

0.8.3

Enabled SQLx features

chrono, json, migrate, postgres, runtime-tokio, tls-native-tls, tls-rustls, rust_decimal, uuid, sqlite

Database server and version

Postgres 17

Operating system

MacOS

Rust version

rustc 1.83.0 (90b35a623 2024-11-26)