dwm.c

/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
 *
 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
 * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
 * allowed to select for this event mask.
 *
 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
 * in O(1) time.
 *
 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
 * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a linked client
 * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
 * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
 * client.
 *
 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
 *
 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
 */
#include <errno.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
#include <X11/keysym.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xproto.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#ifdef XINERAMA
#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
#endif /* XINERAMA */
#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>

#include "drw.h"
#include "util.h"

#include <poll.h>

/* macros */
#define Button6                 6
#define Button7                 7
#define Button8                 8
#define Button9                 9
#define NUMTAGS                 9
#define NUMVIEWHIST             NUMTAGS
#define BARRULES                20
#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask) & (ShiftMask|ControlMask|Mod1Mask|Mod2Mask|Mod3Mask|Mod4Mask|Mod5Mask))
#define INTERSECT(x,y,w,h,m)    (MAX(0, MIN((x)+(w),(m)->wx+(m)->ww) - MAX((x),(m)->wx)) \
                               * MAX(0, MIN((y)+(h),(m)->wy+(m)->wh) - MAX((y),(m)->wy)))
#define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
#define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
#define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
#define WTYPE                   "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_"
#define TOTALTAGS               (NUMTAGS + LENGTH(scratchpads))
#define TAGMASK                 ((1 << TOTALTAGS) - 1)
#define SPTAG(i)                ((1 << NUMTAGS) << (i))
#define SPTAGMASK               (((1 << LENGTH(scratchpads))-1) << NUMTAGS)
#define TEXTWM(X)               (drw_fontset_getwidth(drw, (X), True) + lrpad)
#define TEXTW(X)                (drw_fontset_getwidth(drw, (X), False) + lrpad)
#define HIDDEN(C)               ((getstate(C->win) == IconicState))

/* enums */
enum {
	CurNormal,
	CurResize,
	CurMove,
	CurLast
}; /* cursor */

enum {
	SchemeNorm,
	SchemeSel,
	SchemeTitleNorm,
	SchemeTitleSel,
	SchemeTagsNorm,
	SchemeTagsSel,
	SchemeHidNorm,
	SchemeHidSel,
	SchemeUrg,
        SchemeTag1,
	SchemeTag2,
	SchemeTag3,
        SchemeTag4,
	SchemeTag5,
	SchemeTag6,
        SchemeTag7,
	SchemeTag8,
	SchemeTag9,
	SchemeLayout
}; /* color schemes */

enum {
	NetSupported, NetWMName, NetWMState, NetWMCheck,
	NetWMFullscreen, NetActiveWindow, NetWMWindowType,
	NetWMIcon,
	NetClientList,
	NetLast
}; /* EWMH atoms */

enum {
	WMProtocols,
	WMDelete,
	WMState,
	WMTakeFocus,
	WMLast
}; /* default atoms */

enum {
	ClientFields,
	ClientTags,
	ClientLast
}; /* dwm client atoms */

enum {
	ClkTagBar,
	ClkLtSymbol,
	ClkStatusText,
	ClkWinTitle,
	ClkClientWin,
	ClkRootWin,
	ClkLast
}; /* clicks */

enum {
	BAR_ALIGN_LEFT,
	BAR_ALIGN_CENTER,
	BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT,
	BAR_ALIGN_LEFT_LEFT,
	BAR_ALIGN_LEFT_RIGHT,
	BAR_ALIGN_LEFT_CENTER,
	BAR_ALIGN_NONE,
	BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT_LEFT,
	BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT_RIGHT,
	BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT_CENTER,
	BAR_ALIGN_LAST
}; /* bar alignment */

typedef union {
	int i;
	unsigned int ui;
	float f;
	const void *v;
} Arg;

typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
typedef struct Bar Bar;
struct Bar {
	Window win;
	Monitor *mon;
	Bar *next;
	int idx;
	int showbar;
	int topbar;
	int external;
	int borderpx;
	int borderscheme;
	int bx, by, bw, bh; /* bar geometry */
	int w[BARRULES]; // width, array length == barrules, then use r index for lookup purposes
	int x[BARRULES]; // x position, array length == ^
};

typedef struct {
	int x;
	int y;
	int h;
	int w;
} BarArg;

typedef struct {
	int monitor;
	int bar;
	int alignment; // see bar alignment enum
	int (*widthfunc)(Bar *bar, BarArg *a);
	int (*drawfunc)(Bar *bar, BarArg *a);
	int (*clickfunc)(Bar *bar, Arg *arg, BarArg *a);
	int (*hoverfunc)(Bar *bar, BarArg *a, XMotionEvent *ev);
	char *name; // for debugging
	int x, w; // position, width for internal use
} BarRule;

typedef struct {
	unsigned int click;
	unsigned int mask;
	unsigned int button;
	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
	const Arg arg;
} Button;

typedef struct Client Client;
struct Client {
	char name[256];
	float mina, maxa;
	int x, y, w, h;
	unsigned int idx;
	int oldx, oldy, oldw, oldh;
	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh, hintsvalid;
	int bw, oldbw;
	unsigned int tags;
	int isfixed, isfloating, isurgent, neverfocus, oldstate, isfullscreen;
	int iscentered;
	int isterminal, noswallow;
	pid_t pid;
	Client *next;
	Client *snext;
	Client *swallowing;
	Monitor *mon;
	Window win;
	unsigned int icw, ich;
	Picture icon;
};

typedef struct {
	unsigned int mod;
	KeySym keysym;
	void (*func)(const Arg *);
	const Arg arg;
} Key;

typedef struct {
	const char *symbol;
	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
} Layout;

typedef struct Pertag Pertag;
struct Monitor {
	char ltsymbol[16];
	float mfact;
	int nmaster;
	int num;
	int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
	int gappih;           /* horizontal gap between windows */
	int gappiv;           /* vertical gap between windows */
	int gappoh;           /* horizontal outer gaps */
	int gappov;           /* vertical outer gaps */
	unsigned int seltags;
	unsigned int sellt;
	unsigned int tagset[2];
	int showbar;
	Client *clients;
	Client *sel;
	Client *stack;
	Monitor *next;
	Bar *bar;
	const Layout *lt[2];
	Pertag *pertag;
};

typedef struct {
	const char *class;
	const char *instance;
	const char *title;
	const char *wintype;
	unsigned int tags;
	int iscentered;
	int isfloating;
	int isterminal;
	int noswallow;
	int monitor;
} Rule;

#define RULE(...) { .monitor = -1, __VA_ARGS__ },

/* Cross patch compatibility rule macro helper macros */
#define FLOATING , .isfloating = 1
#define CENTERED , .iscentered = 1
#define PERMANENT
#define FAKEFULLSCREEN
#define NOSWALLOW , .noswallow = 1
#define TERMINAL , .isterminal = 1
#define SWITCHTAG

/* function declarations */
static void applyrules(Client *c);
static int applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int interact);
static void arrange(Monitor *m);
static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
static void attach(Client *c);
static void attachstack(Client *c);
static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
static void checkotherwm(void);
static void cleanup(void);
static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
static void clientmessage(XEvent *e);
static void configure(Client *c);
static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
static Monitor *createmon(void);
static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
static void detach(Client *c);
static void detachstack(Client *c);
static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
static void drawbars(void);
static void drawbarwin(Bar *bar);
static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
static void expose(XEvent *e);
static void focus(Client *c);
static void focusin(XEvent *e);
static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
static Atom getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop, Atom req);
static int getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
static long getstate(Window w);
static int gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
static void grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused);
static void grabkeys(void);
static void incnmaster(const Arg *arg);
static void keypress(XEvent *e);
static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
static void motionnotify(XEvent *e);
static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
static void pop(Client *c);
static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
static void quit(const Arg *arg);
static Monitor *recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h);
static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int interact);
static void resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
static void restack(Monitor *m);
static void run(void);
static void scan(void);
static int sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto);
static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
static void setfocus(Client *c);
static void setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen);
static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
static void setup(void);
static void seturgent(Client *c, int urg);
static void showhide(Client *c);
static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
static void tag(const Arg *arg);
static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
static void unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus, Client *nextfocus);
static void unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed);
static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
static void updatebars(void);
static void updateclientlist(void);
static int updategeom(void);
static void updatenumlockmask(void);
static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
static void updatestatus(void);
static void updatetitle(Client *c);
static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
static void view(const Arg *arg);
static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
static void zoom(const Arg *arg);

/* bar functions */

#include "patch/include.h"

/* variables */
static const char broken[] = "broken";
static char stext[1024];
static char rawstext[1024];

static int screen;
static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
static int bh;               /* bar geometry */
static int lrpad;            /* sum of left and right padding for text */
/* Some clients (e.g. alacritty) helpfully send configure requests with a new size or position
 * when they detect that they have been moved to another monitor. This can cause visual glitches
 * when moving (or resizing) client windows from one monitor to another. This variable is used
 * internally to ignore such configure requests while movemouse or resizemouse are being used. */
static int ignoreconfigurerequests = 0;
static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
	[ClientMessage] = clientmessage,
	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
	[Expose] = expose,
	[FocusIn] = focusin,
	[KeyPress] = keypress,
	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
	[MotionNotify] = motionnotify,
	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
};
static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
static Atom clientatom[ClientLast];
static volatile sig_atomic_t running = 1;
static Cur *cursor[CurLast];
static Clr **scheme;
static Display *dpy;
static Drw *drw;
static Monitor *mons, *selmon;
static Window root, wmcheckwin;

/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
#include "config.h"

#include "patch/include.c"

/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[NUMTAGS > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };

/* function implementations */
void
applyrules(Client *c)
{
	const char *class, *instance;
	Atom wintype;
	unsigned int i;
	const Rule *r;
	Monitor *m;
	XClassHint ch = { NULL, NULL };

	/* rule matching */
	c->noswallow = -1;
	c->isfloating = 0;
	c->tags = 0;
	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
	class    = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
	instance = ch.res_name  ? ch.res_name  : broken;
	wintype  = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMWindowType], XA_ATOM);

	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
		r = &rules[i];
		if ((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
		&& (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
		&& (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance))
		&& (!r->wintype || wintype == XInternAtom(dpy, r->wintype, False)))
		{
			c->iscentered = r->iscentered;
			c->isterminal = r->isterminal;
			c->noswallow = r->noswallow;
			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
			c->tags |= r->tags;
			if ((r->tags & SPTAGMASK) && r->isfloating) {
				c->x = c->mon->wx + (c->mon->ww / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2);
				c->y = c->mon->wy + (c->mon->wh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2);
			}
			for (m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
			if (m)
				c->mon = m;

		}
	}
	if (ch.res_class)
		XFree(ch.res_class);
	if (ch.res_name)
		XFree(ch.res_name);
	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : (c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags] & ~SPTAGMASK);
}

int
applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int interact)
{
	int baseismin;
	Monitor *m = c->mon;

	/* set minimum possible */
	*w = MAX(1, *w);
	*h = MAX(1, *h);
	if (interact) {
		if (*x > sw)
			*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
		if (*y > sh)
			*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
		if (*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
			*x = 0;
		if (*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
			*y = 0;
	} else {
		if (*x >= m->wx + m->ww)
			*x = m->wx + m->ww - WIDTH(c);
		if (*y >= m->wy + m->wh)
			*y = m->wy + m->wh - HEIGHT(c);
		if (*x + *w + 2 * c->bw <= m->wx)
			*x = m->wx;
		if (*y + *h + 2 * c->bw <= m->wy)
			*y = m->wy;
	}
	if (*h < bh)
		*h = bh;
	if (*w < bh)
		*w = bh;
	if (resizehints || c->isfloating || !c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange) {
		if (!c->hintsvalid)
			updatesizehints(c);
		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
		if (!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
			*w -= c->basew;
			*h -= c->baseh;
		}
		/* adjust for aspect limits */
		if (c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
			if (c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
				*w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
			else if (c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
				*h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
		}
		if (baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
			*w -= c->basew;
			*h -= c->baseh;
		}
		/* adjust for increment value */
		if (c->incw)
			*w -= *w % c->incw;
		if (c->inch)
			*h -= *h % c->inch;
		/* restore base dimensions */
		*w = MAX(*w + c->basew, c->minw);
		*h = MAX(*h + c->baseh, c->minh);
		if (c->maxw)
			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
		if (c->maxh)
			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
	}
	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
}

void
arrange(Monitor *m)
{
	if (m)
		showhide(m->stack);
	else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		showhide(m->stack);
	if (m) {
		arrangemon(m);
		restack(m);
	} else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		arrangemon(m);
}

void
arrangemon(Monitor *m)
{
	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
	if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
		m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
}

void
attach(Client *c)
{
	c->next = c->mon->clients;
	c->mon->clients = c;
}

void
attachstack(Client *c)
{
	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
	c->mon->stack = c;
}

void
buttonpress(XEvent *e)
{
	int click, i, r;
	Arg arg = {0};
	Client *c;
	Monitor *m;
	Bar *bar;
	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
	const BarRule *br;
	BarArg carg = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
	click = ClkRootWin;

	/* focus monitor if necessary */
	if ((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon
	) {
		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1, NULL);
		selmon = m;
		focus(NULL);
	}

	for (bar = selmon->bar; bar; bar = bar->next) {
		if (ev->window == bar->win) {
			for (r = 0; r < LENGTH(barrules); r++) {
				br = &barrules[r];
				if (br->bar != bar->idx || (br->monitor == 'A' && m != selmon) || br->clickfunc == NULL)
					continue;
				if (br->monitor != 'A' && br->monitor != -1 && br->monitor != bar->mon->num)
					continue;
				if (bar->x[r] <= ev->x && ev->x <= bar->x[r] + bar->w[r]) {
					carg.x = ev->x - bar->x[r];
					carg.y = ev->y - bar->borderpx;
					carg.w = bar->w[r];
					carg.h = bar->bh - 2 * bar->borderpx;
					click = br->clickfunc(bar, &arg, &carg);
					if (click < 0)
						return;
					break;
				}
			}
			break;
		}
	}

	if (click == ClkRootWin && (c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
		focus(c);
		restack(selmon);
		XAllowEvents(dpy, ReplayPointer, CurrentTime);
		click = ClkClientWin;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++) {
		if (click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
				&& CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)) {
			buttons[i].func(
				(
					click == ClkTagBar
				) && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg
			);
		}
	}
}

void
checkotherwm(void)
{
	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
	XSync(dpy, False);
	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
	XSync(dpy, False);
}

void
cleanup(void)
{
	Monitor *m;
	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
	size_t i;

	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		persistmonitorstate(m);

	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		while (m->stack)
			unmanage(m->stack, 0);
	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
	while (mons)
		cleanupmon(mons);
	for (i = 0; i < CurLast; i++)
		drw_cur_free(drw, cursor[i]);
	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors) + 1; i++)
		free(scheme[i]);
	free(scheme);
	XDestroyWindow(dpy, wmcheckwin);
	drw_free(drw);
	XSync(dpy, False);
	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);

}

void
cleanupmon(Monitor *mon)
{
	Monitor *m;
	Bar *bar;

	if (mon == mons)
		mons = mons->next;
	else {
		for (m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
		m->next = mon->next;
	}
	for (bar = mon->bar; bar; bar = mon->bar) {
		if (!bar->external) {
			XUnmapWindow(dpy, bar->win);
			XDestroyWindow(dpy, bar->win);
		}
		mon->bar = bar->next;
		free(bar);
	}
	free(mon->pertag);
	free(mon);
}

void
clientmessage(XEvent *e)
{
	XClientMessageEvent *cme = &e->xclient;
	Client *c = wintoclient(cme->window);

	if (!c)
		return;
	if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetWMState]) {
		if (cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen]
		|| cme->data.l[2] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen]) {
			setfullscreen(c, (cme->data.l[0] == 1 /* _NET_WM_STATE_ADD    */
				|| (cme->data.l[0] == 2 /* _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE */
				&& !c->isfullscreen
			)));
		}
	} else if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetActiveWindow]) {
		if (c != selmon->sel && !c->isurgent)
			seturgent(c, 1);
	}
}

void
configure(Client *c)
{
	XConfigureEvent ce;

	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
	ce.display = dpy;
	ce.event = c->win;
	ce.window = c->win;
	ce.x = c->x;
	ce.y = c->y;
	ce.width = c->w;
	ce.height = c->h;
	ce.border_width = c->bw;

	ce.above = None;
	ce.override_redirect = False;
	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
}

void
configurenotify(XEvent *e)
{
	Monitor *m;
	Bar *bar;
	Client *c;
	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
	int dirty;
	/* TODO: updategeom handling sucks, needs to be simplified */
	if (ev->window == root) {
		dirty = (sw != ev->width || sh != ev->height);
		sw = ev->width;
		sh = ev->height;
		if (updategeom() || dirty) {
			drw_resize(drw, sw, sh);
			updatebars();
			for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
				for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
					if (c->isfullscreen)
						resizeclient(c, m->mx, m->my, m->mw, m->mh);
				for (bar = m->bar; bar; bar = bar->next)
					XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, bar->win, bar->bx, bar->by, bar->bw, bar->bh);
			}
			arrange(NULL);
			focus(NULL);
		}
	}
}

void
configurerequest(XEvent *e)
{
	Client *c;
	Monitor *m;
	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
	XWindowChanges wc;

	if (ignoreconfigurerequests)
		return;

	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
		if (ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
			c->bw = ev->border_width;
		else if (c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
			m = c->mon;
			if (ev->value_mask & CWX) {
				c->oldx = c->x;
				c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
			}
			if (ev->value_mask & CWY) {
				c->oldy = c->y;
				c->y = m->my + ev->y;
			}
			if (ev->value_mask & CWWidth) {
				c->oldw = c->w;
				c->w = ev->width;
			}
			if (ev->value_mask & CWHeight) {
				c->oldh = c->h;
				c->h = ev->height;
			}
			if ((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
				c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2);  /* center in x direction */
			if ((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
				c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2); /* center in y direction */
			if ((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
				configure(c);
			if (ISVISIBLE(c))
				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
		} else
			configure(c);
	} else {
		wc.x = ev->x;
		wc.y = ev->y;
		wc.width = ev->width;
		wc.height = ev->height;
		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
		wc.sibling = ev->above;
		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
	}
	XSync(dpy, False);
}

Monitor *
createmon(void)
{
	Monitor *m, *mon;
	int i, n, mi, max_bars = 2, istopbar = topbar;

	const BarRule *br;
	Bar *bar;

	m = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Monitor));
	m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
	m->mfact = mfact;
	m->nmaster = nmaster;
	m->showbar = showbar;
	m->gappih = gappih;
	m->gappiv = gappiv;
	m->gappoh = gappoh;
	m->gappov = gappov;
	for (mi = 0, mon = mons; mon; mon = mon->next, mi++); // monitor index
	m->num = mi;
	m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
	m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);

	/* Derive the number of bars for this monitor based on bar rules */
	for (n = -1, i = 0; i < LENGTH(barrules); i++) {
		br = &barrules[i];
		if (br->monitor == 'A' || br->monitor == -1 || br->monitor == m->num)
			n = MAX(br->bar, n);
	}

	m->bar = NULL;
	for (i = 0; i <= n && i < max_bars; i++) {
		bar = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Bar));
		bar->mon = m;
		bar->idx = i;
		bar->next = m->bar;
		bar->topbar = istopbar;
		m->bar = bar;
		istopbar = !istopbar;
		bar->showbar = 1;
		bar->external = 0;
		bar->borderpx = 0;
		bar->bh = bh + bar->borderpx * 2;
		bar->borderscheme = SchemeNorm;
	}

	if (!(m->pertag = (Pertag *)calloc(1, sizeof(Pertag))))
		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Pertag));
	m->pertag->curtag = 1;
	for (i = 0; i <= NUMTAGS; i++) {

		/* init nmaster */
		m->pertag->nmasters[i] = m->nmaster;

		/* init mfacts */
		m->pertag->mfacts[i] = m->mfact;

		/* init layouts */
		m->pertag->ltidxs[i][0] = m->lt[0];
		m->pertag->ltidxs[i][1] = m->lt[1];
		m->pertag->sellts[i] = m->sellt;

	}

	restoremonitorstate(m);

	return m;
}

void
destroynotify(XEvent *e)
{
	Client *c;
	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;

	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
		unmanage(c, 1);
	else if ((c = swallowingclient(ev->window)))
		unmanage(c->swallowing, 1);
}

void
detach(Client *c)
{
	Client **tc;
	c->idx = 0;

	for (tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
	*tc = c->next;
	c->next = NULL;
}

void
detachstack(Client *c)
{
	Client **tc, *t;

	for (tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
	*tc = c->snext;

	if (c == c->mon->sel) {
		for (t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
		c->mon->sel = t;
	}
	c->snext = NULL;
}

Monitor *
dirtomon(int dir)
{
	Monitor *m = NULL;

	if (dir > 0) {
		if (!(m = selmon->next))
			m = mons;
	} else if (selmon == mons)
		for (m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
	else
		for (m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
	return m;
}

void
drawbar(Monitor *m)
{
	Bar *bar;
	
	if (m->showbar)
		for (bar = m->bar; bar; bar = bar->next)
			drawbarwin(bar);
}

void
drawbars(void)
{
	Monitor *m;
	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		drawbar(m);
}

void
drawbarwin(Bar *bar)
{
	if (!bar || !bar->win || bar->external)
		return;
	int r, w, total_drawn = 0;
	int rx, lx, rw, lw; // bar size, split between left and right if a center module is added
	const BarRule *br;

	if (bar->borderpx) {
		XSetForeground(drw->dpy, drw->gc, scheme[bar->borderscheme][ColBorder].pixel);
		XFillRectangle(drw->dpy, drw->drawable, drw->gc, 0, 0, bar->bw, bar->bh);
	}

	BarArg warg = { 0 };
	BarArg darg  = { 0 };
	warg.h = bar->bh - 2 * bar->borderpx;

	rw = lw = bar->bw - 2 * bar->borderpx;
	rx = lx = bar->borderpx;

	drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
	drw_rect(drw, lx, bar->borderpx, lw, bar->bh - 2 * bar->borderpx, 1, 1);
	for (r = 0; r < LENGTH(barrules); r++) {
		br = &barrules[r];
		if (br->bar != bar->idx || !br->widthfunc || (br->monitor == 'A' && bar->mon != selmon))
			continue;
		if (br->monitor != 'A' && br->monitor != -1 && br->monitor != bar->mon->num)
			continue;
		drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
		warg.w = (br->alignment < BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT_LEFT ? lw : rw);

		w = br->widthfunc(bar, &warg);
		w = MIN(warg.w, w);

		if (lw <= 0) { // if left is exhausted then switch to right side, and vice versa
			lw = rw;
			lx = rx;
		} else if (rw <= 0) {
			rw = lw;
			rx = lx;
		}

		switch(br->alignment) {
		default:
		case BAR_ALIGN_NONE:
		case BAR_ALIGN_LEFT_LEFT:
		case BAR_ALIGN_LEFT:
			bar->x[r] = lx;
			if (lx == rx) {
				rx += w;
				rw -= w;
			}
			lx += w;
			lw -= w;
			break;
		case BAR_ALIGN_LEFT_RIGHT:
		case BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT:
			bar->x[r] = lx + lw - w;
			if (lx == rx)
				rw -= w;
			lw -= w;
			break;
		case BAR_ALIGN_LEFT_CENTER:
		case BAR_ALIGN_CENTER:
			bar->x[r] = lx + lw / 2 - w / 2;
			if (lx == rx) {
				rw = rx + rw - bar->x[r] - w;
				rx = bar->x[r] + w;
			}
			lw = bar->x[r] - lx;
			break;
		case BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT_LEFT:
			bar->x[r] = rx;
			if (lx == rx) {
				lx += w;
				lw -= w;
			}
			rx += w;
			rw -= w;
			break;
		case BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT_RIGHT:
			bar->x[r] = rx + rw - w;
			if (lx == rx)
				lw -= w;
			rw -= w;
			break;
		case BAR_ALIGN_RIGHT_CENTER:
			bar->x[r] = rx + rw / 2 - w / 2;
			if (lx == rx) {
				lw = lx + lw - bar->x[r] + w;
				lx = bar->x[r] + w;
			}
			rw = bar->x[r] - rx;
			break;
		}
		bar->w[r] = w;
		darg.x = bar->x[r];
		darg.y = bar->borderpx;
		darg.h = bar->bh - 2 * bar->borderpx;
		darg.w = bar->w[r];
		if (br->drawfunc)
			total_drawn += br->drawfunc(bar, &darg);
	}

	if (total_drawn == 0 && bar->showbar) {
		bar->showbar = 0;
		updatebarpos(bar->mon);
		XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, bar->win, bar->bx, bar->by, bar->bw, bar->bh);
		arrange(bar->mon);
	}
	else if (total_drawn > 0 && !bar->showbar) {
		bar->showbar = 1;
		updatebarpos(bar->mon);
		XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, bar->win, bar->bx, bar->by, bar->bw, bar->bh);
		drw_map(drw, bar->win, 0, 0, bar->bw, bar->bh);
		arrange(bar->mon);
	} else
		drw_map(drw, bar->win, 0, 0, bar->bw, bar->bh);
}

void
enternotify(XEvent *e)
{
	Client *c;
	Monitor *m;
	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;

	if ((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
		return;
	c = wintoclient(ev->window);
	m = c ? c->mon : wintomon(ev->window);
	if (m != selmon) {
		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1, c);
		selmon = m;
	} else if (!c || c == selmon->sel)
		return;
	focus(c);
}

void
expose(XEvent *e)
{
	Monitor *m;
	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;

	if (ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window))) {
		drawbar(m);
	}
}

void
focus(Client *c)
{
	if (!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
		for (c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
	if (selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c)
		unfocus(selmon->sel, 0, c);
	if (c) {
		if (c->mon != selmon)
			selmon = c->mon;
		if (c->isurgent)
			seturgent(c, 0);
		detachstack(c);
		attachstack(c);
		grabbuttons(c, 1);
		if (c->isfloating)
			XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColFloat].pixel);
		else
			XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColBorder].pixel);
		setfocus(c);
	} else {
		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
	}
	selmon->sel = c;
	drawbars();

}

/* there are some broken focus acquiring clients needing extra handling */
void
focusin(XEvent *e)
{
	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;

	if (selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
		setfocus(selmon->sel);
}

void
focusmon(const Arg *arg)
{
	Monitor *m;

	if (!mons->next)
		return;
	if ((m = dirtomon(arg->i)) == selmon)
		return;
	unfocus(selmon->sel, 0, NULL);
	selmon = m;
	focus(NULL);
}

void
focusstack(const Arg *arg)
{
	Client *c = NULL, *i;

	if (!selmon->sel || (selmon->sel->isfullscreen && lockfullscreen))
		return;
	if (arg->i > 0) {
		for (c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
		if (!c)
			for (c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
	} else {
		for (i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
			if (ISVISIBLE(i))
				c = i;
		if (!c)
			for (; i; i = i->next)
				if (ISVISIBLE(i))
					c = i;
	}
	if (c) {
		focus(c);
		restack(selmon);
	}
}

Atom
getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop, Atom req)
{
	int di;
	unsigned long dl;
	unsigned char *p = NULL;
	Atom da, atom = None;

	/* FIXME getatomprop should return the number of items and a pointer to
	 * the stored data instead of this workaround */
	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, c->win, prop, 0L, sizeof atom, False, req,
		&da, &di, &dl, &dl, &p) == Success && p) {
		atom = *(Atom *)p;
		XFree(p);
	}
	return atom;
}

int
getrootptr(int *x, int *y)
{
	int di;
	unsigned int dui;
	Window dummy;

	return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
}

long
getstate(Window w)
{
	int format;
	long result = -1;
	unsigned char *p = NULL;
	unsigned long n, extra;
	Atom real;

	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
		&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p) != Success)
		return -1;
	if (n != 0)
		result = *p;
	XFree(p);
	return result;
}

int
gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size)
{
	char **list = NULL;
	int n;
	XTextProperty name;

	if (!text || size == 0)
		return 0;
	text[0] = '\0';
	if (!XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom) || !name.nitems)
		return 0;
	if (name.encoding == XA_STRING) {
		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
	} else if (XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
		strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
		XFreeStringList(list);
	}
	text[size - 1] = '\0';
	XFree(name.value);
	return 1;
}

void
grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused)
{
	updatenumlockmask();
	{
		unsigned int i, j;
		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
		if (!focused)
			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
				BUTTONMASK, GrabModeSync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
		for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
			if (buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin
			)
				for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
					XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
						buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
						c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
						GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
	}
}

void
grabkeys(void)
{
	updatenumlockmask();
	{
		unsigned int i, j, k;
		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
		int start, end, skip;
		KeySym *syms;

		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
		XDisplayKeycodes(dpy, &start, &end);
		syms = XGetKeyboardMapping(dpy, start, end - start + 1, &skip);
		if (!syms)
			return;
		for (k = start; k <= end; k++)
			for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
				/* skip modifier codes, we do that ourselves */
				if (keys[i].keysym == syms[(k - start) * skip])
					for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
						XGrabKey(dpy, k,
							 keys[i].mod | modifiers[j],
							 root, True,
							 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
		XFree(syms);
	}
}

void
incnmaster(const Arg *arg)
{
	selmon->nmaster = selmon->pertag->nmasters[selmon->pertag->curtag] = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
	arrange(selmon);
}

#ifdef XINERAMA
static int
isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t n, XineramaScreenInfo *info)
{
	while (n--)
		if (unique[n].x_org == info->x_org && unique[n].y_org == info->y_org
		&& unique[n].width == info->width && unique[n].height == info->height)
			return 0;
	return 1;
}
#endif /* XINERAMA */

void
keypress(XEvent *e)
{
	unsigned int i;
	int keysyms_return;
	KeySym* keysym;
	XKeyEvent *ev;

	ev = &e->xkey;
	keysym = XGetKeyboardMapping(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 1, &keysyms_return);
	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
		if (*keysym == keys[i].keysym
				&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
				&& keys[i].func)
			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
	XFree(keysym);
}

void
killclient(const Arg *arg)
{
	if (!selmon->sel)
		return;
	if (!sendevent(selmon->sel, wmatom[WMDelete]))
	{
		XGrabServer(dpy);
		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
		XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
		XSync(dpy, False);
		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
		XUngrabServer(dpy);
	}
}

void
manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa)
{
	Client *c, *t = NULL;
	Client *term = NULL;
	int settings_restored;
	Window trans = None;
	XWindowChanges wc;

	c = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Client));
	c->win = w;
	c->pid = winpid(w);
	/* geometry */
	c->x = c->oldx = wa->x;
	c->y = c->oldy = wa->y;
	c->w = c->oldw = wa->width;
	c->h = c->oldh = wa->height;
	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
	settings_restored = restoreclientstate(c);
	updateicon(c);
	updatetitle(c);

	if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) && (t = wintoclient(trans))) {
		c->mon = t->mon;
		c->tags = t->tags;
		c->bw = borderpx;
		if (c->x == c->mon->wx && c->y == c->mon->wy)
			c->iscentered = 1;
	} else {
		if (!settings_restored || c->mon == NULL) {
			c->mon = selmon;
			settings_restored = 0;
		}
		if (c->x == c->mon->wx && c->y == c->mon->wy)
			c->iscentered = 1;
		c->bw = borderpx;
		if (!settings_restored)
			applyrules(c);
		term = termforwin(c);
		if (term)
			c->mon = term->mon;
	}

	if (c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)
		c->x = c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww - WIDTH(c);
	if (c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh)
		c->y = c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
	c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->wx);
	c->y = MAX(c->y, c->mon->wy);

	wc.border_width = c->bw;
	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
	if (c->isfloating)
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColFloat].pixel);
	else
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
	updatesizehints(c);
	updatewmhints(c);

	if (c->iscentered) {
		c->x = c->mon->wx + (c->mon->ww - WIDTH(c)) / 2;
		c->y = c->mon->wy + (c->mon->wh - HEIGHT(c)) / 2;
	}

	if (getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM) == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
		setfullscreen(c, 1);

	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
	grabbuttons(c, 0);

	if (!c->isfloating)
		c->isfloating = c->oldstate = trans != None || c->isfixed;
	if (c->isfloating) {
		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColFloat].pixel);
	}
	attachx(c);
	attachstack(c);
	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList], XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
		(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */

	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
	if (c->mon == selmon)
		unfocus(selmon->sel, 0, c);
	c->mon->sel = c;
	if (!(term && swallow(term, c))) {
		arrange(c->mon);
		XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
	}
	focus(NULL);

}

void
mappingnotify(XEvent *e)
{
	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;

	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
	if (ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
		grabkeys();
}

void
maprequest(XEvent *e)
{
	static XWindowAttributes wa;
	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;

	if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa) || wa.override_redirect)
		return;
	if (!wintoclient(ev->window))
		manage(ev->window, &wa);
}

void
motionnotify(XEvent *e)
{
	static Monitor *mon = NULL;
	Monitor *m;
	Bar *bar;
	XMotionEvent *ev = &e->xmotion;

	if ((bar = wintobar(ev->window))) {
		barhover(e, bar);
		return;
	}

	if (ev->window != root)
		return;
	if ((m = recttomon(ev->x_root, ev->y_root, 1, 1)) != mon && mon) {
		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1, NULL);
		selmon = m;
		focus(NULL);
	}
	mon = m;
}

void
movemouse(const Arg *arg)
{
	int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
	Client *c;
	Monitor *m;
	XEvent ev;
	Time lasttime = 0;

	if (!(c = selmon->sel))
		return;
	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support moving fullscreen windows by mouse */
		return;
	restack(selmon);
	nx = ocx = c->x;
	ny = ocy = c->y;
	if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
		None, cursor[CurMove]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
		return;
	if (!getrootptr(&x, &y))
		return;
	ignoreconfigurerequests = 1;
	do {
		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
		switch(ev.type) {
		case ConfigureRequest:
		case Expose:
		case MapRequest:
			handler[ev.type](&ev);
			break;
		case MotionNotify:
			if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / 60))
				continue;
			lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;

			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
			if (abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
				nx = selmon->wx;
			else if (abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
				nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
			if (abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
				ny = selmon->wy;
			else if (abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
				ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
			if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
			&& (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap)) {
				togglefloating(NULL);
			}
			if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating) {
				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, 1);
			}
			break;
		}
	} while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);

	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
	if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
		if (c->tags & SPTAGMASK) {
			c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags] ^= (c->tags & SPTAGMASK);
			m->tagset[m->seltags] |= (c->tags & SPTAGMASK);
		}
		sendmon(c, m);
		selmon = m;
		focus(NULL);
	}
	ignoreconfigurerequests = 0;
}

Client *
nexttiled(Client *c)
{
	for (; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
	return c;
}

void
pop(Client *c)
{
	detach(c);
	attach(c);
	focus(c);
	arrange(c->mon);
}

void
propertynotify(XEvent *e)
{
	Client *c;
	Window trans;
	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;

	if ((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME)) {
		updatestatus();
	} else if (ev->state == PropertyDelete) {
		return; /* ignore */
	} else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
		switch(ev->atom) {
		default: break;
		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
			if (!c->isfloating && (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans)) &&
				(c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans)) != NULL))
				arrange(c->mon);
			break;
		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
			c->hintsvalid = 0;
			break;
		case XA_WM_HINTS:
			updatewmhints(c);
			if (c->isurgent)
				drawbars();
			break;
		}
		if (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
			updatetitle(c);
			if (c == c->mon->sel)
				drawbar(c->mon);
		}
		else if (ev->atom == netatom[NetWMIcon]) {
			updateicon(c);
			if (c == c->mon->sel)
				drawbar(c->mon);
		}
	}
}

void
quit(const Arg *arg)
{
	restart = arg->i;
	running = 0;
}

Monitor *
recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h)
{
	Monitor *m, *r = selmon;
	int a, area = 0;

	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		if ((a = INTERSECT(x, y, w, h, m)) > area) {
			area = a;
			r = m;
		}
	return r;
}

void
resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int interact)
{
	if (applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact))
		resizeclient(c, x, y, w, h);
}

void
resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h)
{
	XWindowChanges wc;

	c->oldx = c->x; c->x = wc.x = x;
	c->oldy = c->y; c->y = wc.y = y;
	c->oldw = c->w; c->w = wc.width = w;
	c->oldh = c->h; c->h = wc.height = h;
	wc.border_width = c->bw;
	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
	configure(c);
	XSync(dpy, False);
}

void
resizemouse(const Arg *arg)
{
	int ocx, ocy, nw, nh, nx, ny;
	Client *c;
	Monitor *m;
	XEvent ev;
	Time lasttime = 0;

	if (!(c = selmon->sel))
		return;
	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support resizing fullscreen windows by mouse */
		return;
	restack(selmon);
	nx = ocx = c->x;
	ny = ocy = c->y;
	nh = c->h;
	nw = c->w;
	if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
		None, cursor[CurResize]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
		return;
	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
	ignoreconfigurerequests = 1;
	do {
		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
		switch(ev.type) {
		case ConfigureRequest:
		case Expose:
		case MapRequest:
			handler[ev.type](&ev);
			break;
		case MotionNotify:
			if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / 60))
				continue;
			lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;

			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
			if (c->mon->wx + nw >= selmon->wx && c->mon->wx + nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
			&& c->mon->wy + nh >= selmon->wy && c->mon->wy + nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
			{
				if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
				&& (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap)) {
					togglefloating(NULL);
				}
			}
			if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating) {
				resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, 1);
			}
			break;
		}
	} while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);

	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
	while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
	if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
		if (c->tags & SPTAGMASK) {
			c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags] ^= (c->tags & SPTAGMASK);
			m->tagset[m->seltags] |= (c->tags & SPTAGMASK);
		}
		sendmon(c, m);
		selmon = m;
		focus(NULL);
	}
	ignoreconfigurerequests = 0;
}

void
restack(Monitor *m)
{
	Client *c, *f = NULL;
	XEvent ev;
	XWindowChanges wc;

	drawbar(m);
	if (!m->sel)
		return;
	if (m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
	if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
		wc.stack_mode = Below;
		if (m->bar) {
			wc.sibling = m->bar->win;
		} else {
			for (f = m->stack; f && (f->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(f)); f = f->snext); // find first tiled stack client
			if (f)
				wc.sibling = f->win;
		}
		for (c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
			if (!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c) && c != f) {
				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
				wc.sibling = c->win;
			}
	}
	XSync(dpy, False);
	while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
}

void
run(void)
{
	XEvent ev;
	XSync(dpy, False);
	/* main event loop */
	while (running) {
		struct pollfd pfd = {
			.fd = ConnectionNumber(dpy),
			.events = POLLIN,
		};
		int pending = XPending(dpy) > 0 || poll(&pfd, 1, -1) > 0;

		if (!running)
			break;
		if (!pending)
			continue;

		XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
		if (handler[ev.type])
			handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
	}
}

void
scan(void)
{
	scanner = 1;
	char swin[256];
	unsigned int i, num;
	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
	XWindowAttributes wa;

	if (XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
				continue;
			if (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
				manage(wins[i], &wa);
			else if (gettextprop(wins[i], netatom[NetClientList], swin, sizeof swin))
				manage(wins[i], &wa);
		}
		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
				continue;
			if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
				manage(wins[i], &wa);
		}
		XFree(wins);
	}
	scanner = 0;
}

void
sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m)
{
	if (c->mon == m)
		return;
	unfocus(c, 1, NULL);
	detach(c);
	detachstack(c);
	c->mon = m;
	if (!(c->tags & SPTAGMASK))
	c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
	attach(c);
	attachstack(c);
	arrange(NULL);
	focus(NULL);
}

void
setclientstate(Client *c, long state)
{
	long data[] = { state, None };

	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
}

int
sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto)
{
	int n;
	Atom *protocols;
	int exists = 0;
	XEvent ev;

	if (XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
		while (!exists && n--)
			exists = protocols[n] == proto;
		XFree(protocols);
	}

	if (exists) {
		ev.type = ClientMessage;
		ev.xclient.window = c->win;
		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
		ev.xclient.format = 32;
		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = proto;
		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
		XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
	}
	return exists;
}

void
setfocus(Client *c)
{
	if (!c->neverfocus) {
		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
		XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow],
			XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeReplace,
			(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
	}
	sendevent(c, wmatom[WMTakeFocus]);
}

void
setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen)
{
	if (fullscreen && !c->isfullscreen) {
		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)&netatom[NetWMFullscreen], 1);
		c->isfullscreen = 1;
		c->oldbw = c->bw;
		c->oldstate = c->isfloating;
		c->bw = 0;
		c->isfloating = 1;
		resizeclient(c, c->mon->mx, c->mon->my, c->mon->mw, c->mon->mh);
		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
	} else if (!fullscreen && c->isfullscreen){
		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)0, 0);
		c->isfullscreen = 0;
		c->bw = c->oldbw;
		c->isfloating = c->oldstate;
		c->x = c->oldx;
		c->y = c->oldy;
		c->w = c->oldw;
		c->h = c->oldh;
		resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
		arrange(c->mon);
	}
}

void
setlayout(const Arg *arg)
{
	if (!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]) {
		selmon->pertag->sellts[selmon->pertag->curtag] ^= 1;
		selmon->sellt = selmon->pertag->sellts[selmon->pertag->curtag];
	}
	if (arg && arg->v)
		selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt];

	strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof selmon->ltsymbol);
	if (selmon->sel)
		arrange(selmon);
	else
		drawbar(selmon);
}

/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutely */
void
setmfact(const Arg *arg)
{
	float f;

	if (!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
		return;
	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
	if (f < 0.05 || f > 0.95)
		return;
	selmon->mfact = selmon->pertag->mfacts[selmon->pertag->curtag] = f;
	arrange(selmon);
}

void
setup(void)
{
	int i;
	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
	Atom utf8string;
	struct sigaction sa;

	/* do not transform children into zombies when they terminate */
	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
	sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP | SA_NOCLDWAIT | SA_RESTART;
	sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
	sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);

	/* clean up any zombies (inherited from .xinitrc etc) immediately */
	while (waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0);

	signal(SIGHUP, sighup);
	signal(SIGTERM, sigterm);

	/* the one line of bloat that would have saved a lot of time for a lot of people */
	putenv("_JAVA_AWT_WM_NONREPARENTING=1");

	/* init screen */
	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
	xinitvisual();
	drw = drw_create(dpy, screen, root, sw, sh, visual, depth, cmap);
	if (!drw_fontset_create(drw, fonts, LENGTH(fonts)))
		die("no fonts could be loaded.");
	lrpad = drw->fonts->h + horizpadbar;
	bh = drw->fonts->h + vertpadbar;
	updategeom();
	/* init atoms */
	utf8string = XInternAtom(dpy, "UTF8_STRING", False);
	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
	wmatom[WMTakeFocus] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
	clientatom[ClientFields] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_DWM_CLIENT_FIELDS", False);
	clientatom[ClientTags] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_DWM_CLIENT_TAGS", False);
	netatom[NetActiveWindow] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", False);
	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
	netatom[NetWMIcon] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_ICON", False);
	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
	netatom[NetWMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE", False);
	netatom[NetWMCheck] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK", False);
	netatom[NetWMFullscreen] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False);
	netatom[NetWMWindowType] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", False);
	netatom[NetClientList] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_CLIENT_LIST", False);
	/* init cursors */
	cursor[CurNormal] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_left_ptr);
	cursor[CurResize] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_sizing);
	cursor[CurMove] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_fleur);
	/* init appearance */
	scheme = ecalloc(LENGTH(colors) + 1, sizeof(Clr *));
	scheme[LENGTH(colors)] = drw_scm_create(drw, colors[0], alphas[0], ColCount);
	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
		scheme[i] = drw_scm_create(drw, colors[i], alphas[i], ColCount);

	updatebars();
	updatestatus();

	/* supporting window for NetWMCheck */
	wmcheckwin = XCreateSimpleWindow(dpy, root, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
	XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
	XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMName], utf8string, 8,
		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) "dwm", 3);
	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
	/* EWMH support per view */
	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
	/* select events */
	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal]->cursor;
	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
		|ButtonPressMask|PointerMotionMask|EnterWindowMask
		|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask|PropertyChangeMask;
	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);

	grabkeys();
	focus(NULL);
}

void
seturgent(Client *c, int urg)
{
	XWMHints *wmh;

	c->isurgent = urg;
	if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
		return;
	wmh->flags = urg ? (wmh->flags | XUrgencyHint) : (wmh->flags & ~XUrgencyHint);
	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
	XFree(wmh);
}

void
showhide(Client *c)
{
	if (!c)
		return;
	if (ISVISIBLE(c)) {
		if (
			(c->tags & SPTAGMASK) &&
			c->isfloating &&
			(
				c->x < c->mon->mx ||
				c->x > c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw ||
				c->y < c->mon->my ||
				c->y > c->mon->my + c->mon->mh
			)
		) {
			c->x = c->mon->wx + (c->mon->ww / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2);
			c->y = c->mon->wy + (c->mon->wh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2);
		}
		/* show clients top down */
		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
		if ((!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
			&& !c->isfullscreen
			)
			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, 0);
		showhide(c->snext);
	} else {
		/* hide clients bottom up */
		showhide(c->snext);
		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, WIDTH(c) * -2, c->y);
	}
}

void
spawn(const Arg *arg)
{
	struct sigaction sa;

	if (arg->v == dmenucmd)
		dmenumon[0] = '0' + selmon->num;

	if (fork() == 0)
	{
		if (dpy)
			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));

		setsid();

		sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
		sa.sa_flags = 0;
		sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
		sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);

		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
		die("dwm: execvp '%s' failed:", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
	}
}

void
tag(const Arg *arg)
{

	if (selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
		arrange(selmon);
		focus(NULL);
	}
}

void
tagmon(const Arg *arg)
{
	Client *c = selmon->sel;
	Monitor *dest;
	if (!c || !mons->next)
		return;
	dest = dirtomon(arg->i);
	sendmon(c, dest);
}

void
togglebar(const Arg *arg)
{
	Bar *bar;
	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
	updatebarpos(selmon);
	for (bar = selmon->bar; bar; bar = bar->next)
		XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, bar->win, bar->bx, bar->by, bar->bw, bar->bh);
	arrange(selmon);
}

void
togglefloating(const Arg *arg)
{
	Client *c = selmon->sel;
	if (arg && arg->v)
		c = (Client*)arg->v;
	if (!c)
		return;
	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support for fullscreen windows */
		return;
	c->isfloating = !c->isfloating || c->isfixed;
	if (c->isfloating)
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColFloat].pixel);
	else
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColBorder].pixel);
	if (c->isfloating) {
		resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, 0);
	}
	arrange(c->mon);

}

void
toggletag(const Arg *arg)
{
	unsigned int newtags;

	if (!selmon->sel)
		return;
	newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
	if (newtags) {
		selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
		arrange(selmon);
		focus(NULL);
	}
}

void
toggleview(const Arg *arg)
{
	unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);;
	int i;

	if (newtagset) {
		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;

		if (newtagset == ~SPTAGMASK)
		{
			selmon->pertag->curtag = 0;
		}
		/* test if the user did not select the same tag */
		if (!(newtagset & 1 << (selmon->pertag->curtag - 1))) {
			for (i = 0; !(newtagset & 1 << i); i++) ;
			selmon->pertag->curtag = i + 1;
		}

		/* apply settings for this view */
		selmon->nmaster = selmon->pertag->nmasters[selmon->pertag->curtag];
		selmon->mfact = selmon->pertag->mfacts[selmon->pertag->curtag];
		selmon->sellt = selmon->pertag->sellts[selmon->pertag->curtag];
		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt];
		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt^1] = selmon->pertag->ltidxs[selmon->pertag->curtag][selmon->sellt^1];
		arrange(selmon);
		focus(NULL);
	}
}

void
unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus, Client *nextfocus)
{
	if (!c)
		return;
	grabbuttons(c, 0);
	if (c->isfloating)
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColFloat].pixel);
	else
		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
	if (setfocus) {
		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
	}
}

void
unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed)
{
	Monitor *m;
	XWindowChanges wc;

	m = c->mon;

	if (c->swallowing) {
		unswallow(c);
		return;
	}

	Client *s = swallowingclient(c->win);
	if (s) {
		free(s->swallowing);
		s->swallowing = NULL;
		arrange(m);
		focus(NULL);
		return;
	}

	detach(c);
	detachstack(c);
	freeicon(c);
	if (!destroyed) {
		wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
		XGrabServer(dpy); /* avoid race conditions */
		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
		XSelectInput(dpy, c->win, NoEventMask);
		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
		setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
		XSync(dpy, False);
		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
		XUngrabServer(dpy);
	}

	free(c);
	if (s)
		return;
	arrange(m);
	focus(NULL);
	updateclientlist();
}

void
unmapnotify(XEvent *e)
{
	Client *c;
	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;

	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
		if (ev->send_event)
			setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
		else
			unmanage(c, 0);
	}
}

void
updatebars(void)
{
	Bar *bar;
	Monitor *m;
	XSetWindowAttributes wa = {
		.override_redirect = True,
		.background_pixel = 0,
		.border_pixel = 0,
		.colormap = cmap,
		.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask
	};
	XClassHint ch = {"dwm", "dwm"};
	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
		for (bar = m->bar; bar; bar = bar->next) {
			if (bar->external)
				continue;
			if (!bar->win) {
				bar->win = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, bar->bx, bar->by, bar->bw, bar->bh, 0, depth,
				                          InputOutput, visual,
				                          CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixel|CWBorderPixel|CWColormap|CWEventMask, &wa);
				XDefineCursor(dpy, bar->win, cursor[CurNormal]->cursor);
				XMapRaised(dpy, bar->win);
				XSetClassHint(dpy, bar->win, &ch);
			}
		}
	}
}

void
updatebarpos(Monitor *m)
{

	m->wx = m->mx;
	m->wy = m->my;
	m->ww = m->mw;
	m->wh = m->mh;
	Bar *bar;
	int y_pad = 0;
	int x_pad = 0;

	for (bar = m->bar; bar; bar = bar->next) {
		bar->bx = m->wx + x_pad;
		bar->bw = m->ww - 2 * x_pad;
	}

	for (bar = m->bar; bar; bar = bar->next)
		if (!m->showbar || !bar->showbar)
			bar->by = -bar->bh - y_pad;

	if (!m->showbar)
		return;
	for (bar = m->bar; bar; bar = bar->next) {
		if (!bar->showbar)
			continue;
		if (bar->topbar)
			m->wy = m->wy + bar->bh + y_pad;
		m->wh -= y_pad + bar->bh;
		bar->by = (bar->topbar ? m->wy - bar->bh : m->wy + m->wh);
	}
}

void
updateclientlist(void)
{
	Client *c;
	Monitor *m;

	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
			XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList],
				XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
				(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);

}

int
updategeom(void)
{
	int dirty = 0;

#ifdef XINERAMA
	if (XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
		int i, j, n, nn;
		Client *c;
		Monitor *m;
		XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
		XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;

		for (n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
		/* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
		unique = ecalloc(nn, sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
		for (i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
			if (isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
				memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
		XFree(info);
		nn = j;
		/* new monitors if nn > n */
		for (i = n; i < nn; i++) {
			for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
			if (m)
				m->next = createmon();
			else
				mons = createmon();
		}
		for (i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
			if (i >= n
			|| unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
			|| unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh)
			{
				dirty = 1;
				m->num = i;
				m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
				m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
				m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
				m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
				updatebarpos(m);
			}
		/* removed monitors if n > nn */
		for (i = nn; i < n; i++) {
			for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
			while ((c = m->clients)) {
				dirty = 1;
				m->clients = c->next;
				detachstack(c);
				c->mon = mons;
				attach(c);
				attachstack(c);
			}
			if (m == selmon)
				selmon = mons;
			cleanupmon(m);
		}
		free(unique);
	} else
#endif /* XINERAMA */
	{ /* default monitor setup */
		if (!mons)
			mons = createmon();
		if (mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
			dirty = 1;
			mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
			mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
			updatebarpos(mons);
		}
	}
	if (dirty) {
		selmon = mons;
		selmon = wintomon(root);
	}
	return dirty;
}

void
updatenumlockmask(void)
{
	unsigned int i, j;
	XModifierKeymap *modmap;

	numlockmask = 0;
	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
		for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
			if (modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
				== XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
				numlockmask = (1 << i);
	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
}

void
updatesizehints(Client *c)
{
	long msize;
	XSizeHints size;

	if (!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
		size.flags = PSize;
	if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
		c->basew = size.base_width;
		c->baseh = size.base_height;
	} else if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
		c->basew = size.min_width;
		c->baseh = size.min_height;
	} else
		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
	if (size.flags & PResizeInc) {
		c->incw = size.width_inc;
		c->inch = size.height_inc;
	} else
		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
	if (size.flags & PMaxSize) {
		c->maxw = size.max_width;
		c->maxh = size.max_height;
	} else
		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
	if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
		c->minw = size.min_width;
		c->minh = size.min_height;
	} else if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
		c->minw = size.base_width;
		c->minh = size.base_height;
	} else
		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
	if (size.flags & PAspect) {
		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
	} else
		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->maxh && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
	c->hintsvalid = 1;
}

void
updatestatus(void)
{
	Monitor *m;
	if (!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, rawstext, sizeof(rawstext)))
		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
	else
		copyvalidchars(stext, rawstext);
	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		drawbar(m);
}

void
updatetitle(Client *c)
{

	if (!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
	if (c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
		strcpy(c->name, broken);

}

void
updatewmhints(Client *c)
{
	XWMHints *wmh;

	if ((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
		if (c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
		} else
			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? 1 : 0;
		if (c->isurgent) {
			if (c->isfloating)
				XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeUrg][ColFloat].pixel);
			else
				XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeUrg][ColBorder].pixel);
		}
		if (wmh->flags & InputHint)
			c->neverfocus = !wmh->input;
		else
			c->neverfocus = 0;
		XFree(wmh);
	}
}

void
view(const Arg *arg)
{
	if ((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
	{
		return;
	}
	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
	if (arg->ui & TAGMASK)
		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
	pertagview(arg);
	arrange(selmon);
	focus(NULL);
}

Client *
wintoclient(Window w)
{
	Client *c;
	Monitor *m;

	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
			if (c->win == w)
				return c;
	return NULL;
}

Monitor *
wintomon(Window w)
{
	int x, y;
	Client *c;
	Monitor *m;
	Bar *bar;

	if (w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
		return recttomon(x, y, 1, 1);
	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
		for (bar = m->bar; bar; bar = bar->next)
			if (w == bar->win)
				return m;
	if ((c = wintoclient(w)))
		return c->mon;
	return selmon;
}

/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
 * default error handler, which may call exit. */
int
xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
{
	if (ee->error_code == BadWindow
	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
		return 0;
	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
}

int
xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
{
	return 0;
}

/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
 * is already running. */
int
xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
{
	die("dwm: another window manager is already running");
	return -1;
}

void
zoom(const Arg *arg)
{
	Client *c = selmon->sel;
	if (arg && arg->v)
		c = (Client*)arg->v;
	if (!c)
		return;

	if (!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || !c || c->isfloating)
		return;

	if (c == nexttiled(selmon->clients) && !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
		return;
	pop(c);
}

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
		die("dwm-"VERSION);
	else if (argc != 1)
		die("usage: dwm [-v]");
	if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
	if (!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
		die("dwm: cannot open display");
	if (!(xcon = XGetXCBConnection(dpy)))
		die("dwm: cannot get xcb connection\n");
	checkotherwm();
	setup();
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
	if (pledge("stdio rpath proc exec ps", NULL) == -1)
		die("pledge");
#endif /* __OpenBSD__ */
	scan();
	run();
	cleanup();
	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
	if (restart)
		execvp(argv[0], argv);
	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}