Update Rust crate rand to 0.9.0 (#664)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Type | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| [rand](https://rust-random.github.io/book)
([source](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand)) |
workspace.dependencies | minor | `0.8.5` -> `0.9.0` |

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>rust-random/rand (rand)</summary>

###
[`v0.9.0`](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/blob/HEAD/CHANGELOG.md#090---2025-01-27)

[Compare
Source](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/compare/0.8.5...0.9.0)

##### Security and unsafe

- Policy: "rand is not a crypto library"
([#&#8203;1514](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1514))
- Remove fork-protection from `ReseedingRng` and `ThreadRng`. Instead,
it is recommended to call `ThreadRng::reseed` on fork.
([#&#8203;1379](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1379))
- Use `zerocopy` to replace some `unsafe` code
([#&#8203;1349](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1349),
[#&#8203;1393](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1393),
[#&#8203;1446](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1446),
[#&#8203;1502](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1502))

##### Dependencies

- Bump the MSRV to 1.63.0
([#&#8203;1207](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1207),
[#&#8203;1246](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1246),
[#&#8203;1269](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1269),
[#&#8203;1341](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1341),
[#&#8203;1416](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1416),
[#&#8203;1536](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1536));
note that 1.60.0 may work for dependents when using
`--ignore-rust-version`
- Update to `rand_core` v0.9.0
([#&#8203;1558](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1558))

##### Features

- Support `std` feature without `getrandom` or `rand_chacha`
([#&#8203;1354](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1354))
- Enable feature `small_rng` by default
([#&#8203;1455](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1455))
- Remove implicit feature `rand_chacha`; use `std_rng` instead.
([#&#8203;1473](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1473))
- Rename feature `serde1` to `serde`
([#&#8203;1477](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1477))
- Rename feature `getrandom` to `os_rng`
([#&#8203;1537](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1537))
- Add feature `thread_rng`
([#&#8203;1547](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1547))

##### API changes: rand_core traits

- Add fn `RngCore::read_adapter` implementing `std::io::Read`
([#&#8203;1267](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1267))
- Add trait `CryptoBlockRng: BlockRngCore`; make `trait CryptoRng:
RngCore`
([#&#8203;1273](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1273))
- Add traits `TryRngCore`, `TryCryptoRng`
([#&#8203;1424](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1424),
[#&#8203;1499](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1499))
- Rename `fn SeedableRng::from_rng` -> `try_from_rng` and add infallible
variant `fn from_rng`
([#&#8203;1424](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1424))
- Rename `fn SeedableRng::from_entropy` -> `from_os_rng` and add
fallible variant `fn try_from_os_rng`
([#&#8203;1424](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1424))
- Add bounds `Clone` and `AsRef` to associated type `SeedableRng::Seed`
([#&#8203;1491](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1491))

##### API changes: Rng trait and top-level fns

- Rename fn `rand::thread_rng()` to `rand::rng()` and remove from the
prelude
([#&#8203;1506](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1506))
- Remove fn `rand::random()` from the prelude
([#&#8203;1506](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1506))
- Add top-level fns `random_iter`, `random_range`, `random_bool`,
`random_ratio`, `fill`
([#&#8203;1488](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1488))
- Re-introduce fn `Rng::gen_iter` as `random_iter`
([#&#8203;1305](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1305),
[#&#8203;1500](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1500))
- Rename fn `Rng::gen` to `random` to avoid conflict with the new `gen`
keyword in Rust 2024
([#&#8203;1438](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1438))
- Rename fns `Rng::gen_range` to `random_range`, `gen_bool` to
`random_bool`, `gen_ratio` to `random_ratio`
([#&#8203;1505](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1505))
- Annotate panicking methods with `#[track_caller]`
([#&#8203;1442](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1442),
[#&#8203;1447](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1447))

##### API changes: RNGs

- Fix `<SmallRng as SeedableRng>::Seed` size to 256 bits
([#&#8203;1455](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1455))
- Remove first parameter (`rng`) of `ReseedingRng::new`
([#&#8203;1533](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1533))

##### API changes: Sequences

- Split trait `SliceRandom` into `IndexedRandom`, `IndexedMutRandom`,
`SliceRandom`
([#&#8203;1382](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1382))
- Add `IndexedRandom::choose_multiple_array`, `index::sample_array`
([#&#8203;1453](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1453),
[#&#8203;1469](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1469))

##### API changes: Distributions: renames

- Rename module `rand::distributions` to `rand::distr`
([#&#8203;1470](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1470))
- Rename distribution `Standard` to `StandardUniform`
([#&#8203;1526](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1526))
- Move `distr::Slice` -> `distr::slice::Choose`, `distr::EmptySlice` ->
`distr::slice::Empty`
([#&#8203;1548](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1548))
- Rename trait `distr::DistString` -> `distr::SampleString`
([#&#8203;1548](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1548))
- Rename `distr::DistIter` -> `distr::Iter`, `distr::DistMap` ->
`distr::Map`
([#&#8203;1548](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1548))

##### API changes: Distributions

- Relax `Sized` bound on `Distribution<T> for &D`
([#&#8203;1278](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1278))
- Remove impl of `Distribution<Option<T>>` for `StandardUniform`
([#&#8203;1526](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1526))
- Let distribution `StandardUniform` support all `NonZero*` types
([#&#8203;1332](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1332))
- Fns `{Uniform, UniformSampler}::{new, new_inclusive}` return a
`Result` (instead of potentially panicking)
([#&#8203;1229](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1229))
- Distribution `Uniform` implements `TryFrom` instead of `From` for
ranges
([#&#8203;1229](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1229))
- Add `UniformUsize`
([#&#8203;1487](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1487))
- Remove support for generating `isize` and `usize` values with
`StandardUniform`, `Uniform` (except via `UniformUsize`) and `Fill` and
usage as a `WeightedAliasIndex` weight
([#&#8203;1487](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1487))
- Add impl `DistString` for distributions `Slice<char>` and
`Uniform<char>`
([#&#8203;1315](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1315))
- Add fn `Slice::num_choices`
([#&#8203;1402](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1402))
- Add fn `p()` for distribution `Bernoulli` to access probability
([#&#8203;1481](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1481))

##### API changes: Weighted distributions

- Add `pub` module `rand::distr::weighted`, moving `WeightedIndex` there
([#&#8203;1548](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1548))
- Add trait `weighted::Weight`, allowing `WeightedIndex` to trap
overflow
([#&#8203;1353](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1353))
- Add fns `weight, weights, total_weight` to distribution
`WeightedIndex`
([#&#8203;1420](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1420))
- Rename enum `WeightedError` to `weighted::Error`, revising variants
([#&#8203;1382](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1382))
and mark as `#[non_exhaustive]`
([#&#8203;1480](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1480))

##### API changes: SIMD

- Switch to `std::simd`, expand SIMD & docs
([#&#8203;1239](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1239))

##### Reproducibility-breaking changes

- Make `ReseedingRng::reseed` discard remaining data from the last block
generated
([#&#8203;1379](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1379))
- Change fn `SmallRng::seed_from_u64` implementation
([#&#8203;1203](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1203))
- Allow `UniformFloat::new` samples and `UniformFloat::sample_single` to
yield `high`
([#&#8203;1462](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1462))
- Fix portability of distribution `Slice`
([#&#8203;1469](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1469))
- Make `Uniform` for `usize` portable via `UniformUsize`
([#&#8203;1487](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1487))
- Fix `IndexdRandom::choose_multiple_weighted` for very small seeds and
optimize for large input length / low memory
([#&#8203;1530](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1530))

##### Reproducibility-breaking optimisations

- Optimize fn `sample_floyd`, affecting output of
`rand::seq::index::sample` and `rand::seq::SliceRandom::choose_multiple`
([#&#8203;1277](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1277))
- New, faster algorithms for `IteratorRandom::choose` and
`choose_stable`
([#&#8203;1268](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1268))
- New, faster algorithms for `SliceRandom::shuffle` and
`partial_shuffle`
([#&#8203;1272](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1272))
- Optimize distribution `Uniform`: use Canon's method (single sampling)
/ Lemire's method (distribution sampling) for faster sampling (breaks
value stability;
[#&#8203;1287](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1287))
- Optimize fn `sample_single_inclusive` for floats (+~20% perf)
([#&#8203;1289](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1289))

##### Other optimisations

- Improve `SmallRng` initialization performance
([#&#8203;1482](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1482))
- Optimise SIMD widening multiply
([#&#8203;1247](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1247))

##### Other

- Add `Cargo.lock.msrv` file
([#&#8203;1275](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1275))
- Reformat with `rustfmt` and enforce
([#&#8203;1448](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1448))
- Apply Clippy suggestions and enforce
([#&#8203;1448](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1448),
[#&#8203;1474](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1474))
- Move all benchmarks to new `benches` crate
([#&#8203;1329](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1329),
[#&#8203;1439](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1439))
and migrate to Criterion
([#&#8203;1490](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1490))

##### Documentation

- Improve `ThreadRng` related docs
([#&#8203;1257](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1257))
- Docs: enable experimental `--generate-link-to-definition` feature
([#&#8203;1327](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1327))
- Better doc of crate features, use `doc_auto_cfg`
([#&#8203;1411](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1411),
[#&#8203;1450](https://redirect.github.com/rust-random/rand/issues/1450))

</details>

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Cargo.lock

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ pcap-parser = "0.16"
 postcard = { version = "1", features = ["alloc"], default-features = false }
 proc-macro2 = { version = "1" }
 quote = "1.0"
-rand = "0.8.5"
+rand = "0.9.0"
 ron = "0.8"
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["alloc", "derive"], default-features = false }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0" }

Cargo.toml

@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@
 // License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 // file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 
-// Copyright 2024 Oxide Computer Company
+// Copyright 2025 Oxide Computer Company
 
 //! Tools for parsing lquantize histograms into `criterion`.
 
 use super::MeasurementInfo;
 use criterion::measurement::Measurement;
 use criterion::measurement::ValueFormatter;
 use criterion::measurement::WallTime;
-use rand::distributions::WeightedIndex;
+use rand::distr::weighted::WeightedIndex;
 use rand::prelude::*;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::sync::OnceLock;
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ impl Measurement for DTraceHisto {
     // from. We build up the WeightedIndex once it is needed, at which
     // point it will effectively mirror the input distribution.
     fn end(&self, _i: Self::Intermediate) -> Self::Value {
-        let mut rng = thread_rng();
+        let mut rng = rand::rng();
         let idx = self.rng_idx.get_or_init(|| {
             WeightedIndex::new(self.buckets.iter().map(|x| x.1)).unwrap()
         });

bench/src/dtrace.rs

@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@
 // License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 // file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 
-// Copyright 2024 Oxide Computer Company
+// Copyright 2025 Oxide Computer Company
 
 use super::*;
 use crate::dtrace::DTraceHisto;
 use clap::ValueEnum;
 use criterion::Criterion;
-use rand::distributions::Distribution;
-use rand::distributions::WeightedIndex;
-use rand::thread_rng;
+use rand::distr::weighted::WeightedIndex;
+use rand::distr::Distribution;
+use rand::rng;
 use rand::Rng;
 use std::fs;
 use std::fs::File;
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ pub fn process_output(
         let mut c =
             Criterion::default().measurement_time(Duration::from_secs(20));
 
-        let mut rng = thread_rng();
+        let mut rng = rng();
         let idx =
             WeightedIndex::new(histo.buckets.iter().map(|x| x.1)).unwrap();
 
@@ -255,11 +255,9 @@ pub fn process_output(
                         let sample = &histo.buckets[chosen_bucket].0;
 
                         // uniformly distribute within bucket.
-                        Duration::from_nanos(
-                            rng.gen_range(
-                                *sample..*sample + histo.bucket_width,
-                            ),
-                        )
+                        Duration::from_nanos(rng.random_range(
+                            *sample..*sample + histo.bucket_width,
+                        ))
                     })
                     .sum()
             })