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Attack Tree Analysis for swaywm/sway

Objective: Compromise an application utilizing the Sway window manager by exploiting vulnerabilities or weaknesses within Sway itself.

Attack Tree Visualization

Root: Compromise Application via Sway
├── 1. Exploit Sway Software Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE]
│   ├── 1.1. Memory Corruption Vulnerabilities (e.g., Buffer Overflow, Use-After-Free) [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   ├── 1.1.1. Triggered via Malicious Input to Sway (e.g., crafted Wayland messages, specific window configurations) [HIGH RISK PATH]
│   ├── 1.2. Logic Errors in Sway Code [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   ├── 1.2.1. Bypass Access Controls or Security Features within Sway [HIGH RISK PATH]
│   ├── 1.3. Command Injection Vulnerabilities (less likely in core Sway, but possible in extensions/scripts) [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   ├── 1.3.1. Inject Malicious Commands via Sway Configuration Files or Scripts [HIGH RISK PATH]
├── 2. Manipulate Sway Configuration [CRITICAL NODE]
│   ├── 2.1. Configuration File Tampering (if attacker gains access to user's config files) [HIGH RISK PATH]
│   │   ├── 2.1.1. Modify Sway Configuration to Execute Malicious Commands on Startup/Events [HIGH RISK PATH]
├── 3. Exploit Wayland Protocol Vulnerabilities (Sway implements Wayland)
│   ├── 3.2. Sway's Wayland Implementation Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   ├── 3.2.1. Incorrect Handling of Wayland Messages leading to Memory Corruption or Logic Errors [HIGH RISK PATH]
├── 6. Dependency Vulnerabilities Exploited via Sway [CRITICAL NODE]
│   ├── 6.1. Vulnerabilities in Sway's Dependencies (e.g., wlroots, libinput, etc.) [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   ├── 6.1.1. Exploit Known Vulnerabilities in Libraries Used by Sway [HIGH RISK PATH]

Attack Tree Path: 1. Exploit Sway Software Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploiting memory corruption vulnerabilities (buffer overflows, use-after-free) in Sway's C codebase.
    • Leveraging logic errors in Sway's code to bypass security features or gain unauthorized access.
    • Injecting commands through vulnerabilities in Sway's configuration parsing, scripting capabilities (if any), or IPC mechanisms.

Attack Tree Path: 1.1. Memory Corruption Vulnerabilities (e.g., Buffer Overflow, Use-After-Free) [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Crafting malicious Wayland messages that trigger buffer overflows when processed by Sway.
    • Exploiting specific window configurations or input sequences that lead to use-after-free conditions in Sway's memory management.
    • Targeting vulnerabilities in Sway's handling of resources, such as memory allocation or deallocation, to cause memory corruption.

Attack Tree Path: 1.1.1. Triggered via Malicious Input to Sway (e.g., crafted Wayland messages, specific window configurations) [HIGH RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Sending specially crafted Wayland messages (e.g., wl_surface, wl_keyboard, wl_pointer events) designed to overflow buffers in Sway's message handling routines.
    • Creating specific window configurations (e.g., nested windows, windows with unusual properties) that trigger memory corruption when Sway processes them.
    • Injecting malicious input data through Wayland protocols that are not properly validated by Sway, leading to memory safety issues.

Attack Tree Path: 1.2. Logic Errors in Sway Code [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Identifying and exploiting flaws in Sway's access control mechanisms to bypass intended security policies.
    • Finding logic errors in Sway's window management or input handling that allow unauthorized actions or data access.
    • Exploiting race conditions or other concurrency issues in Sway's code to gain unintended privileges or bypass security checks.

Attack Tree Path: 1.2.1. Bypass Access Controls or Security Features within Sway [HIGH RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploiting logic flaws in Sway's permission checks for window operations, allowing unauthorized processes to manipulate or access other application windows.
    • Bypassing intended restrictions on inter-process communication (IPC) within Sway, potentially allowing malicious processes to interact with sensitive applications.
    • Circumventing security features designed to isolate applications or restrict access to system resources due to logical errors in Sway's implementation.

Attack Tree Path: 1.3. Command Injection Vulnerabilities (less likely in core Sway, but possible in extensions/scripts) [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploiting vulnerabilities in Sway's configuration file parsing that allow injecting arbitrary commands to be executed by Sway.
    • If Sway supports extensions or scripting, finding command injection flaws in how these extensions process user input or external data.
    • Exploiting vulnerabilities in Sway's IPC mechanisms that allow injecting malicious commands to be executed by Sway or its components.

Attack Tree Path: 1.3.1. Inject Malicious Commands via Sway Configuration Files or Scripts [HIGH RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Modifying Sway's configuration file to include commands that will be executed when Sway starts or when specific events occur (e.g., window creation, key presses).
    • If Sway uses scripts for configuration or automation, injecting malicious commands into these scripts to be executed by Sway.
    • Exploiting vulnerabilities in how Sway parses and interprets configuration directives, allowing for command injection through specially crafted configuration entries.

Attack Tree Path: 2. Manipulate Sway Configuration [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Gaining unauthorized access to a user's Sway configuration files and modifying them to introduce malicious behavior.
    • Tricking users into applying malicious Sway configurations through social engineering or other means.
    • Exploiting vulnerabilities in Sway's configuration update mechanisms to inject malicious configurations remotely.

Attack Tree Path: 2.1. Configuration File Tampering (if attacker gains access to user's config files) [HIGH RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Compromising a user's account through phishing, credential theft, or other methods, and then modifying their Sway configuration files.
    • Exploiting local vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized write access to a user's Sway configuration directory.
    • Using social engineering to trick a user into running a script or command that modifies their Sway configuration files maliciously.

Attack Tree Path: 2.1.1. Modify Sway Configuration to Execute Malicious Commands on Startup/Events [HIGH RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Adding exec directives in the Sway configuration file to execute malicious scripts or binaries when Sway starts.
    • Using bindsym or for_window directives in the configuration to trigger malicious commands in response to specific user actions or window events.
    • Modifying configuration settings related to input devices or window management to execute commands when certain input events are received or windows are created/destroyed.

Attack Tree Path: 3.2. Sway's Wayland Implementation Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploiting vulnerabilities in Sway's code that handles Wayland protocol messages, leading to memory corruption or logic errors.
    • Finding flaws in Sway's implementation of Wayland extensions or custom protocols that can be exploited for malicious purposes.
    • Targeting vulnerabilities related to resource management or synchronization within Sway's Wayland compositor implementation.

Attack Tree Path: 3.2.1. Incorrect Handling of Wayland Messages leading to Memory Corruption or Logic Errors [HIGH RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Sending malformed or oversized Wayland messages that are not properly validated by Sway, causing buffer overflows or other memory corruption issues.
    • Exploiting incorrect state management or synchronization in Sway's Wayland message handling, leading to use-after-free or double-free vulnerabilities.
    • Crafting specific sequences of Wayland messages that trigger logic errors in Sway's message processing, allowing for security bypasses or unintended behavior.

Attack Tree Path: 6. Dependency Vulnerabilities Exploited via Sway [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploiting known vulnerabilities in libraries used by Sway, such as wlroots, libinput, wayland-protocols, or other dependencies.
    • Leveraging supply chain vulnerabilities in Sway's dependencies to introduce malicious code or backdoors into the Sway ecosystem.
    • Exploiting vulnerabilities in the build process or dependency management of Sway to inject malicious components during compilation or installation.

Attack Tree Path: 6.1. Vulnerabilities in Sway's Dependencies (e.g., wlroots, libinput, etc.) [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Identifying and exploiting publicly disclosed vulnerabilities (CVEs) in Sway's dependencies.
    • Discovering zero-day vulnerabilities in Sway's dependencies through vulnerability research or reverse engineering.
    • Targeting vulnerabilities in specific versions of dependencies used by Sway that are known to be vulnerable.

Attack Tree Path: 6.1.1. Exploit Known Vulnerabilities in Libraries Used by Sway [HIGH RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Using existing exploits or exploit code for known vulnerabilities in Sway's dependencies to compromise Sway.
    • Leveraging Metasploit or other penetration testing frameworks to exploit known vulnerabilities in Sway's dependencies.
    • Scanning systems running Sway for vulnerable versions of dependencies and exploiting them remotely or locally.