attack-tree.md

Attack Tree Analysis for mxgmn/wavefunctioncollapse

Objective: Compromise Application via WaveFunctionCollapse Vulnerabilities

Attack Tree Visualization

• CRITICAL NODE: Compromise Application via WaveFunctionCollapse Vulnerabilities
  • OR CRITICAL NODE: Exploit Input Processing Vulnerabilities in WFC
    • OR CRITICAL NODE: Malicious Input Rules/Constraints
      • AND HIGH RISK PATH Craft overly complex rules
        • Result: Excessive Processing Time/Resource Exhaustion (DoS)
      • AND HIGH RISK PATH Provide extremely large rule sets/tile sets
        • Result: Memory Exhaustion/DoS
    • OR CRITICAL NODE: Input Buffer Overflow (in WFC C++ code)
    • OR CRITICAL NODE: Integer Overflow/Underflow in Input Handling
  • OR CRITICAL NODE: Exploit WFC Algorithm/Logic Vulnerabilities
    • OR CRITICAL NODE: Algorithmic Complexity Exploitation
      • AND HIGH RISK PATH Craft input that leads to exponential backtracking/slow convergence
        • Result: Excessive Processing Time/Resource Exhaustion (DoS)
  • OR CRITICAL NODE: Exploit Output Handling Vulnerabilities in WFC
  • OR CRITICAL NODE: Dependency Vulnerabilities in WFC
  • OR CRITICAL NODE: Build/Deployment Vulnerabilities
    • OR CRITICAL NODE: Compromised WFC Library/Binary

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Compromise Application via WaveFunctionCollapse Vulnerabilities

This is the root goal of the attacker. Success here means the attacker has achieved their objective by exploiting weaknesses related to the WaveFunctionCollapse library.

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Exploit Input Processing Vulnerabilities in WFC

This is a primary attack vector. Attackers target how the WFC library processes input data (rules, tile sets, parameters). Vulnerabilities here can lead to various impacts, from DoS to potential code execution.

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Malicious Input Rules/Constraints

Attackers manipulate the rules and constraints provided as input to WFC. This is a direct way to influence WFC's behavior.

• HIGH RISK PATH: Craft overly complex rules

  • Attack Vector: Attackers create rule sets that are computationally very expensive for WFC to process.
  • Result: Excessive CPU usage, memory consumption, and prolonged processing times, leading to Denial of Service (DoS). The application becomes unresponsive or crashes due to resource exhaustion.

• HIGH RISK PATH: Provide extremely large rule sets/tile sets

  • Attack Vector: Attackers provide very large input files for rules or tile sets, exceeding expected or reasonable sizes.
  • Result: Memory exhaustion and Denial of Service (DoS). The application runs out of memory and crashes, or becomes unresponsive due to excessive memory usage.

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Input Buffer Overflow (in WFC C++ code)

Attackers attempt to exploit potential buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the C++ code of the WFC library during input processing. * Attack Vector: Providing excessively long input strings for rule names, tile names, or other input fields that are not properly bounded in the C++ code. * Result: Application crash, and potentially, if exploitable, arbitrary code execution on the server. This is a high-impact vulnerability if present.

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Integer Overflow/Underflow in Input Handling

Attackers try to trigger integer overflow or underflow conditions in the WFC C++ code when handling input parameters. * Attack Vector: Providing extreme integer values for input parameters like tile counts, dimensions, or other numerical settings. * Result: Unexpected behavior, memory corruption, or Denial of Service. In some cases, integer overflows can be exploited for more severe vulnerabilities.

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Exploit WFC Algorithm/Logic Vulnerabilities

Attackers target weaknesses in the core WaveFunctionCollapse algorithm itself.

* **CRITICAL NODE: Algorithmic Complexity Exploitation**
    * Attackers aim to exploit the computational complexity of the WFC algorithm.

    * **HIGH RISK PATH: Craft input that leads to exponential backtracking/slow convergence**
        * **Attack Vector:**  Designing input rules and constraints that force the WFC algorithm into a worst-case scenario, causing excessive backtracking and extremely slow convergence.
        * **Result:**  Excessive processing time and resource exhaustion, leading to Denial of Service (DoS). The application becomes unresponsive due to prolonged computation.

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Exploit Output Handling Vulnerabilities in WFC

Attackers target potential vulnerabilities in how WFC generates and handles output data. This is less likely in the core library but could be relevant in specific integrations. * Attack Vector: Triggering the generation of extremely large output data or exploiting format string vulnerabilities during output formatting (less likely in core WFC). * Result: Output buffer overflows leading to crashes or potential code execution, or information disclosure/code execution from format string vulnerabilities (less likely).

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Dependency Vulnerabilities in WFC

Attackers exploit known vulnerabilities in external libraries that the WFC project depends on (e.g., image loading libraries). * Attack Vector: Identifying and exploiting publicly known vulnerabilities in WFC's dependencies. * Result: Depending on the dependency vulnerability, this could lead to code execution, Denial of Service, or other security breaches.

Attack Tree Path: CRITICAL NODE: Build/Deployment Vulnerabilities

Attackers target vulnerabilities in the build and deployment process of the WFC library itself, or the application using it.

* **CRITICAL NODE: Compromised WFC Library/Binary**
    * Attackers aim to replace the legitimate WFC library with a malicious or backdoored version.
    * **Attack Vector:** Supply chain attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks during download, or compromising the build environment to inject malicious code into the WFC library.
    * **Result:** Full application compromise, data theft, and complete control over the application and potentially the underlying system. This is a critical impact scenario.