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threat-modeling.md

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Threat Model Analysis for nuget/nuget.client

Threat: Dependency Confusion / Namespace Hijacking

  • Description: An attacker uploads a malicious NuGet package to a public repository with a name similar to a private package. When nuget.client resolves dependencies, it might download and install the attacker's package if package source precedence is misconfigured. This allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code within the application's context.
  • Impact:
    • Execution of malicious code
    • Data breaches
    • Service disruption
    • Compromised build pipeline
  • Affected nuget.client component:
    • Package resolution logic within NuGetPackageManager and related classes.
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Prioritize private package sources in nuget.config or programmatically when using nuget.client.
    • Utilize unique package name prefixes or namespaces for internal packages.
    • Implement and enforce package hash verification during installation using nuget.client features.
    • Regularly audit project dependencies to identify unexpected packages.

Threat: Compromised Package Source

  • Description: An attacker compromises a NuGet package source (private or public). They inject malicious packages or modify existing legitimate packages. nuget.client downloads and installs these compromised packages when requested, leading to application compromise. Attackers might exploit source vulnerabilities or use stolen credentials.
  • Impact:
    • Execution of malicious code
    • Data breaches
    • Service disruption
    • Compromised build pipeline
  • Affected nuget.client component:
    • Package download and installation mechanisms within NuGetPackageManager and HttpSource components.
  • Risk Severity: Critical
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Mandatory use of HTTPS for all package sources configured in nuget.client.
    • Implement strong authentication and authorization for private package sources.
    • Conduct regular security audits of package sources and their infrastructure.
    • Enforce NuGet package signing and rigorously verify package signatures using nuget.client's verification features.

Threat: Vulnerabilities in nuget.client Library

  • Description: The nuget.client library itself contains security vulnerabilities (e.g., buffer overflows, injection flaws). An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by crafting malicious NuGet packages or manipulating package source responses that are processed by nuget.client. This could lead to remote code execution or denial of service.
  • Impact:
    • Remote code execution
    • Denial of service
    • Information disclosure
    • Local privilege escalation
  • Affected nuget.client component:
    • Various components depending on the vulnerability, including package parsing (PackageReader), network communication (HttpSource), and installation logic (PackageInstaller).
  • Risk Severity: High to Critical (depending on the specific vulnerability)
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Keep nuget.client updated to the latest stable version to patch known vulnerabilities.
    • Ensure robust input validation and sanitization when using nuget.client APIs in your application.
    • Adhere to secure coding practices when integrating and using nuget.client.
    • Include nuget.client and its integration points in regular security audits and penetration testing.

Threat: Insecure Package Source Configuration (HTTP Sources)

  • Description: Configuring nuget.client to use insecure HTTP package sources instead of HTTPS. This allows man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks where attackers can intercept package downloads and inject malicious packages or modify legitimate ones during transit. nuget.client will unknowingly install the compromised package.
  • Impact:
    • Installation of malicious packages
    • Data breaches
    • Compromised build pipeline
  • Affected nuget.client component:
    • Network communication components (HttpSource) when handling package source URLs and download protocols.
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Strictly enforce HTTPS for all package sources configured for nuget.client.
    • Disable or remove any HTTP-based package sources from nuget.config and programmatic configurations.
    • Ensure proper TLS configuration for HTTPS connections used by nuget.client.

Threat: Weak or Default Credentials for Authenticated Package Sources

  • Description: Using weak or default credentials for accessing authenticated private NuGet package sources, or storing credentials insecurely where nuget.client can access them. An attacker gaining access to these credentials can access, modify, or inject packages into the private feed, potentially compromising applications using nuget.client to consume these packages.
  • Impact:
    • Compromised package source integrity
    • Injection of malicious packages
    • Data breaches (disclosure of internal packages)
    • Unauthorized access to internal packages
  • Affected nuget.client component:
    • Authentication mechanisms within HttpSource and credential handling within nuget.client's configuration and API usage.
  • Risk Severity: High (can be critical depending on the sensitivity of packages and access level)
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Utilize strong, unique passwords or API keys for authenticating to private package sources used by nuget.client.
    • Store credentials securely using dedicated secrets management solutions and ensure nuget.client accesses them securely (e.g., environment variables, secure configuration providers).
    • Apply the principle of least privilege when granting access to credentials used by nuget.client.
    • Implement regular credential rotation for package source authentication.