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Threat Model Analysis for go-gitea/gitea

Threat: Unauthorized Repository Access via Access Token Leakage

  • Description: An attacker obtains a valid Gitea personal access token (PAT) or OAuth token. The attacker uses this token to access private repositories or perform actions on behalf of the compromised user. This is a direct threat because the token is a Gitea-specific authentication mechanism.
    • Impact:
      • Confidentiality breach: Sensitive code, data, or configuration files within private repositories are exposed.
      • Integrity breach: The attacker could modify code, introduce vulnerabilities, or delete data.
      • Availability breach: The attacker could delete repositories or make them inaccessible.
    • Gitea Component Affected:
      • models/accesstoken.go: Handles access token management.
      • routers/api/v1/user/tokens.go: API endpoints for managing tokens.
      • Authentication middleware (modules/auth/auth.go and related files).
    • Risk Severity: Critical
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developer:
        • Implement robust token revocation mechanisms in Gitea.
        • Enforce token expiration policies.
        • Provide auditing capabilities for token usage.
        • Consider implementing token scanning in repositories to detect accidentally committed tokens.
      • User:
        • Educate users about the risks of token leakage and best practices for secure token storage.
        • Encourage users to use short-lived tokens and to revoke them immediately if compromise is suspected.
        • Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) to mitigate the impact of token compromise.
        • Regularly review and audit granted access tokens.

Threat: Privilege Escalation via Branch Protection Bypass

  • Description: An attacker exploits a vulnerability in Gitea's own branch protection logic to bypass restrictions and push unauthorized code to protected branches. This is a direct threat because it targets a core Gitea feature.
    • Impact:
      • Integrity breach: Malicious or buggy code is introduced into critical branches, potentially affecting production systems.
      • Availability breach: The attacker could introduce code that causes instability or downtime.
    • Gitea Component Affected:
      • models/repo_protect.go: Handles branch protection rules.
      • routers/repo/setting.go: Handles repository settings, including branch protection configuration.
      • services/repository/push.go: Handles push operations and enforces branch protection rules.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developer:
        • Thoroughly audit and test the branch protection logic for race conditions, edge cases, and potential bypasses.
        • Implement robust input validation and sanitization for all API requests related to branch protection.
        • Ensure that branch protection rules are consistently enforced across all relevant code paths (e.g., web interface, API, Git hooks).
        • Consider implementing a "defense in depth" approach.
      • User:
        • Configure branch protection rules carefully.
        • Regularly review and audit branch protection settings.

Threat: Denial of Service via Uncontrolled Repository Creation

  • Description: An attacker creates a large number of repositories, exploiting Gitea's repository creation functionality, to exhaust server resources and make Gitea unavailable. This is a direct threat because it targets Gitea's repository management.
    • Impact:
      • Availability breach: Gitea becomes unresponsive or unavailable.
      • Potential data loss if disk space is completely exhausted.
    • Gitea Component Affected:
      • routers/user/repo.go: Handles repository creation.
      • services/repository/repository.go: Handles repository management.
      • modules/setting/setting.go: Contains configuration settings related to repository limits.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developer:
        • Implement rate limiting for repository creation, both globally and per user.
        • Allow administrators to configure limits on the number of repositories per user and the total size of repositories.
        • Implement resource monitoring and alerting.
      • User (Administrator):
        • Configure appropriate repository creation limits in Gitea's settings.
        • Monitor server resource usage.

Threat: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in Markdown Rendering

  • Description: An attacker injects malicious JavaScript code into a Markdown file. When another user views the rendered Markdown, the attacker's code executes in their browser. This is a direct threat because it targets Gitea's own Markdown rendering engine.
    • Impact:
      • Confidentiality breach: The attacker could steal the victim's session cookies or other sensitive information.
      • Integrity breach: The attacker could modify the content of the page or perform actions on behalf of the victim.
      • Spoofing: The attacker could impersonate the victim.
    • Gitea Component Affected:
      • modules/markup/markdown/markdown.go: Handles Markdown rendering.
      • modules/template: Template rendering engine.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developer:
        • Use a well-vetted and regularly updated Markdown rendering library.
        • Implement strict output encoding to prevent the execution of injected scripts.
        • Implement a Content Security Policy (CSP).
        • Regularly perform security audits and penetration testing.
      • User:
        • Be cautious when viewing Markdown files from untrusted sources.
        • Keep your browser and any browser extensions up to date.