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Attack Tree Analysis for sirupsen/logrus

Objective: Attacker's Goal: To compromise application that use given project by exploiting weaknesses or vulnerabilities within the project itself, focusing on high-risk attack paths related to logrus.

Attack Tree Visualization

Attack Goal: Compromise Application via Logrus Exploitation (CRITICAL NODE)
├───[1.0] Exploit Log Output Destination (CRITICAL NODE) HIGH RISK PATH
│   ├───[1.1] Path Traversal via Log File Configuration HIGH RISK PATH
│   │   └───[1.1.1] Write Logs to Sensitive Locations (e.g., /etc/shadow, web root) HIGH RISK PATH
│   ├───[1.2] Redirect Logs to Attacker-Controlled Server (Network Hook) HIGH RISK PATH
│   │   └───[1.2.1] Exfiltrate Sensitive Information via Logs HIGH RISK PATH
├───[2.0] Exploit Log Processing/Formatting (CRITICAL NODE) HIGH RISK PATH (for 2.2 & 2.3)
│   ├───[2.2] Resource Exhaustion via Excessive Logging HIGH RISK PATH
│   │   └───[2.2.1] Denial of Service through Log Flooding HIGH RISK PATH
│   ├───[2.3] Information Leakage via Verbose Logging Configuration HIGH RISK PATH
│   │   └───[2.3.1] Expose Sensitive Data in Logs (Credentials, API Keys, etc.) HIGH RISK PATH
├───[3.0] Exploit Logrus Hooks
│   ├───[3.2] Hook Manipulation (If Configuration is Vulnerable) HIGH RISK PATH
│   │   └───[3.2.1] Inject Malicious Hooks to Alter Application Behavior HIGH RISK PATH

Attack Tree Path: 1.0 Exploit Log Output Destination (CRITICAL NODE & HIGH RISK PATH)

Attack Vector: Exploiting vulnerabilities related to how logrus outputs logs to different destinations.

  • Breakdown:

Attack Tree Path: 1.1 Path Traversal via Log File Configuration (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: Attacker manipulates the log file path configuration (if externally configurable and not properly validated) to include path traversal sequences (e.g., ../../).
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Insufficient input validation on log file path configuration.
  • Potential Impact: Writing logs to arbitrary locations on the file system.

Attack Tree Path: 1.1.1 Write Logs to Sensitive Locations (e.g., /etc/shadow, web root) (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: Leveraging path traversal to write log data to sensitive system files or web-accessible directories.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Path traversal vulnerability combined with insufficient file system permissions or misconfigurations.
  • Potential Impact: Overwriting critical system files (less likely due to permissions, but possible in some scenarios), serving malicious content from web root, or application file corruption.

Attack Tree Path: 1.2 Redirect Logs to Attacker-Controlled Server (Network Hook) (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: Attacker modifies the logrus configuration (if vulnerable) to redirect log output to a network server they control, often using network hooks.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Insecure configuration management, allowing unauthorized modification of logrus network hook settings.
  • Potential Impact: Exfiltration of sensitive information logged by the application.

Attack Tree Path: 1.2.1 Exfiltrate Sensitive Information via Logs (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: After successfully redirecting logs, the attacker passively collects and analyzes the logs sent to their server, searching for sensitive data.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Logging of sensitive information in the application combined with successful log redirection.
  • Potential Impact: Data breach, disclosure of credentials, API keys, personal data, or other confidential information.

Attack Tree Path: 2.0 Exploit Log Processing/Formatting (CRITICAL NODE & HIGH RISK PATH for 2.2 & 2.3)

  • Attack Vector: Exploiting issues related to how logrus processes and formats log messages, specifically focusing on resource exhaustion and information leakage.
  • Breakdown:

Attack Tree Path: 2.2 Resource Exhaustion via Excessive Logging (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: Attacker triggers actions within the application that generate a large volume of log messages, overwhelming logging resources.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Verbose logging configuration (e.g., Debug or Trace level in production), lack of log rate limiting, or insufficient resource allocation for logging.
  • Potential Impact: Denial of Service (DoS) due to disk space exhaustion, I/O overload, or logging system crashes.

Attack Tree Path: 2.2.1 Denial of Service through Log Flooding (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: The consequence of excessive logging leading to application downtime or performance degradation due to resource exhaustion.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: As described in 2.2, verbose logging and lack of resource management.
  • Potential Impact: Application unavailability, service disruption, and potential financial losses.

Attack Tree Path: 2.3 Information Leakage via Verbose Logging Configuration (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: Application is configured to log at a verbose level, unintentionally including sensitive information in the logs.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Overly verbose logging configuration in production environments, logging sensitive data without redaction.
  • Potential Impact: Unintentional disclosure of sensitive data to anyone with access to the logs.

Attack Tree Path: 2.3.1 Expose Sensitive Data in Logs (Credentials, API Keys, etc.) (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: Sensitive information like credentials, API keys, personal data, or internal system details are logged due to verbose configuration.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Logging sensitive data and insufficient review of logging practices.
  • Potential Impact: Data breach, unauthorized access to systems or data, and reputational damage.

Attack Tree Path: 3.0 Exploit Logrus Hooks (HIGH RISK PATH for 3.2)

  • Attack Vector: Exploiting vulnerabilities related to logrus hooks, specifically focusing on manipulation of hook configurations.
  • Breakdown:

Attack Tree Path: 3.2 Hook Manipulation (If Configuration is Vulnerable) (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: Attacker gains unauthorized access to the logrus configuration and modifies it to inject malicious hooks.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Insecure configuration management, allowing unauthorized modification of logrus hook settings.
  • Potential Impact: Ability to execute arbitrary code or alter application behavior whenever log messages are processed.

Attack Tree Path: 3.2.1 Inject Malicious Hooks to Alter Application Behavior (HIGH RISK PATH)

  • Attack Description: After successfully injecting malicious hooks, the attacker's code executes within the application's context whenever logging occurs.
  • Vulnerability Exploited: Successful hook injection combined with the ability of hooks to influence application logic.
  • Potential Impact: Application takeover, backdoors, data manipulation, or further exploitation of the system.