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BUSINESS POSTURE

The Jenkins Job DSL Plugin addresses the business need for efficient and consistent management of Jenkins jobs. Instead of manually creating and configuring jobs through the Jenkins UI, which is time-consuming and error-prone, the plugin allows users to define jobs as code using a Groovy-based DSL (Domain Specific Language). This approach enables automation, version control, and repeatability in job configuration, aligning with DevOps best practices and infrastructure-as-code principles.

Business priorities and goals:

  • Automate Jenkins job creation and management to reduce manual effort.
  • Ensure consistency and standardization across Jenkins job configurations.
  • Improve efficiency and speed of setting up and modifying CI/CD pipelines.
  • Enable version control of Jenkins job configurations for auditability and rollback capabilities.
  • Promote infrastructure-as-code practices within the organization's CI/CD environment.

Most important business risks:

  • Risk of misconfiguration: Incorrectly written DSL scripts can lead to misconfigured Jenkins jobs, potentially causing build failures, deployment issues, or security vulnerabilities in the deployed applications.
  • Risk of unauthorized access and modification: If not properly secured, the Job DSL plugin could be used by unauthorized users to create or modify Jenkins jobs, potentially disrupting CI/CD pipelines or gaining unauthorized access to systems.
  • Risk of supply chain vulnerabilities: Dependencies of the Job DSL plugin or vulnerabilities within the plugin itself could introduce security risks into the Jenkins environment and the CI/CD pipeline.
  • Risk of operational disruption: Issues with the Job DSL plugin, such as bugs or performance problems, could disrupt the automated job creation and management process, impacting the overall CI/CD pipeline availability.

SECURITY POSTURE

Existing security controls:

  • security control: Jenkins security model: Jenkins provides a comprehensive security model for authentication, authorization, and access control. This is documented within Jenkins official documentation.
  • security control: Plugin security reviews: Jenkins plugins undergo community reviews, and some may have undergone more formal security audits, although the extent and depth of these reviews can vary. Information about plugin security is generally available on the Jenkins plugin website and community forums.
  • security control: Jenkins Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Jenkins allows administrators to define roles and permissions, controlling user access to jobs, nodes, and other Jenkins resources. This is configured within Jenkins security settings.
  • accepted risk: Plugin vulnerabilities: As with any software, Jenkins plugins, including the Job DSL plugin, may contain vulnerabilities that could be exploited. Mitigation relies on timely updates and security patching.
  • accepted risk: Misconfiguration by users: Users with sufficient permissions might misconfigure jobs or DSL scripts, leading to security weaknesses or operational issues. User training and best practices are essential mitigations.

Recommended security controls:

  • recommended security control: Input validation for DSL scripts: Implement robust input validation within the Job DSL plugin to prevent injection attacks and ensure that DSL scripts adhere to expected formats and constraints.
  • recommended security control: Secure defaults for job configurations: Encourage or enforce secure default settings for jobs created via DSL, such as enabling security plugins, configuring proper authentication and authorization, and limiting access to sensitive resources.
  • recommended security control: Least privilege principle for DSL script execution: Ensure that DSL scripts execute with the minimum necessary privileges to perform their intended tasks, reducing the potential impact of compromised scripts.
  • recommended security control: Static analysis of DSL scripts: Integrate static analysis tools into the CI/CD pipeline to automatically scan DSL scripts for potential security vulnerabilities or misconfigurations before they are applied to Jenkins.

Security requirements:

  • Authentication:
    • Requirement: The Job DSL plugin should leverage Jenkins' existing authentication mechanisms to ensure that only authenticated users can create, modify, or execute DSL scripts.
    • Requirement: Access to DSL script management and execution should be controlled based on user roles and permissions defined within Jenkins.
  • Authorization:
    • Requirement: The Job DSL plugin must enforce Jenkins' authorization model to control who can create, update, delete, or view DSL scripts and the jobs they generate.
    • Requirement: Granular permissions should be available to control access to specific DSL script functionalities and resources.
  • Input Validation:
    • Requirement: The Job DSL plugin must validate all inputs from DSL scripts to prevent injection attacks (e.g., command injection, script injection).
    • Requirement: Validation should include checks for data type, format, and allowed values to ensure data integrity and prevent unexpected behavior.
  • Cryptography:
    • Requirement: If DSL scripts handle sensitive data (e.g., credentials, API keys), the Job DSL plugin should provide mechanisms for securely storing and managing this data, potentially using Jenkins' credential management system or encryption features.
    • Requirement: When transmitting sensitive data within DSL scripts or during job execution, encryption should be used to protect confidentiality and integrity.

DESIGN

C4 CONTEXT

flowchart LR
    subgraph "Organization Context"
        A["Jenkins Users"
        Type: Person
        Description: Users who interact with Jenkins to manage CI/CD pipelines.
        Responsibilities: Define and manage CI/CD pipelines, monitor build and deployment processes.
        Security controls: Jenkins authentication and authorization.
        "]
        B["Source Code Repositories"
        Type: External System
        Description: Systems like GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket storing application source code and Job DSL scripts.
        Responsibilities: Store source code, version control, trigger CI/CD pipelines.
        Security controls: Repository access controls, branch protection, commit signing.
        "]
        C["Target Systems"
        Type: External System
        Description: Infrastructure or platforms where applications are deployed (e.g., Kubernetes, AWS, Azure).
        Responsibilities: Host deployed applications, provide runtime environment.
        Security controls: Infrastructure security controls, access management, network segmentation.
        "]
        D["Jenkins Server"
        Type: System
        Description: Central Jenkins instance running the Job DSL Plugin.
        Responsibilities: Orchestrate CI/CD pipelines, execute builds and deployments, manage jobs.
        Security controls: Jenkins security model, RBAC, plugin security, network security.
        "]
    end
    A --> D
    B --> D
    D --> C
    D -->|Job DSL Scripts| B
    A -->|Jenkins UI/API| D
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C4 CONTEXT Elements Description

  • Element:

    • Name: Jenkins Users
    • Type: Person
    • Description: Users who interact with Jenkins to manage CI/CD pipelines. This includes developers, operations engineers, and other stakeholders involved in the software delivery process.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Define and manage CI/CD pipelines using Jenkins and the Job DSL plugin.
      • Create and maintain Job DSL scripts to automate job configuration.
      • Monitor build and deployment processes triggered by Jenkins jobs.
      • Interact with Jenkins through its UI or API.
    • Security controls:
      • Jenkins authentication mechanisms (e.g., username/password, LDAP, Active Directory).
      • Jenkins authorization model and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to manage user permissions.

  • Element:

    • Name: Source Code Repositories
    • Type: External System
    • Description: Systems like GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, or other version control systems that store application source code and, crucially, Job DSL scripts.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Store and version control application source code.
      • Store and version control Job DSL scripts.
      • Trigger CI/CD pipelines in Jenkins based on code changes (e.g., webhooks).
      • Provide access control and security for code repositories.
    • Security controls:
      • Repository access controls (e.g., user permissions, branch protection).
      • Authentication and authorization for repository access.
      • Branch protection rules to prevent unauthorized changes.
      • Commit signing to ensure code integrity and author verification.

  • Element:

    • Name: Target Systems
    • Type: External System
    • Description: Infrastructure or platforms where applications are deployed as part of the CI/CD pipeline. Examples include Kubernetes clusters, cloud platforms like AWS, Azure, GCP, or on-premises servers.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Host deployed applications and provide the runtime environment.
      • Ensure the availability and scalability of deployed applications.
      • Provide necessary infrastructure services (e.g., databases, networking).
      • Implement security controls for the deployed environment.
    • Security controls:
      • Infrastructure security controls (e.g., firewalls, intrusion detection systems).
      • Access management and identity management for target systems.
      • Network segmentation to isolate environments.
      • Security hardening of target systems and applications.

  • Element:

    • Name: Jenkins Server
    • Type: System
    • Description: The central Jenkins instance running the Job DSL Plugin. This is the core component responsible for orchestrating CI/CD pipelines and executing jobs defined by DSL scripts.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Orchestrate CI/CD pipelines based on Job DSL configurations.
      • Execute builds, tests, and deployments as defined in Jenkins jobs.
      • Manage Jenkins jobs, including creation, modification, and deletion.
      • Host and run the Job DSL Plugin.
      • Integrate with Source Code Repositories and Target Systems.
    • Security controls:
      • Jenkins security model for authentication and authorization.
      • Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to manage user permissions within Jenkins.
      • Plugin security management to ensure the security of installed plugins.
      • Network security controls to protect the Jenkins server itself.
      • Regular security updates and patching of Jenkins and plugins.

C4 CONTAINER

flowchart LR
    subgraph "Jenkins Server"
        A["Jenkins Web Application"
        Type: Web Application
        Description: Jenkins user interface and API for managing CI/CD pipelines.
        Responsibilities: Provide UI and API for user interaction, manage job configurations, display build results.
        Security controls: Jenkins authentication, session management, input validation in UI and API endpoints.
        "]
        B["Job DSL Plugin"
        Type: Jenkins Plugin
        Description: Jenkins plugin that processes DSL scripts to create and manage Jenkins jobs.
        Responsibilities: Parse DSL scripts, generate Jenkins job configurations, manage job updates and deletions.
        Security controls: Input validation of DSL scripts, authorization checks before job creation/modification, secure handling of credentials.
        "]
        C["Jenkins Core"
        Type: Application Runtime
        Description: Core Jenkins application providing the foundation for plugin execution and CI/CD orchestration.
        Responsibilities: Job scheduling, build execution, plugin management, security framework.
        Security controls: Core Jenkins security features, plugin security framework, resource management.
        "]
    end
    D["DSL Scripts"
    Type: Configuration Files
    Description: Groovy-based scripts defining Jenkins job configurations. Stored in Source Code Repositories.
    Responsibilities: Define job parameters, build steps, post-build actions, and other job configurations.
    Security controls: Version control, access control in repositories, code review processes.
    "]
    D --> B
    B --> C
    A --> C
    C -->|Executes Jobs| Target Systems
    C -->|Manages Jobs| A
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C4 CONTAINER Elements Description

  • Element:

    • Name: Jenkins Web Application
    • Type: Web Application
    • Description: The Jenkins web application provides the user interface and API for interacting with Jenkins. Users access this application to manage CI/CD pipelines, view build results, and configure Jenkins settings.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Provide a web-based user interface for Jenkins management.
      • Offer a REST API for programmatic interaction with Jenkins.
      • Handle user authentication and session management.
      • Display job configurations, build status, and logs.
      • Manage Jenkins settings and configurations.
    • Security controls:
      • Jenkins authentication mechanisms to verify user identity.
      • Session management to protect user sessions.
      • Input validation on user inputs through the UI and API endpoints to prevent injection attacks.
      • Protection against Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities.

  • Element:

    • Name: Job DSL Plugin
    • Type: Jenkins Plugin
    • Description: The Job DSL Plugin is a Jenkins plugin that extends Jenkins functionality to process DSL scripts. It acts as the core component for interpreting DSL scripts and translating them into Jenkins job configurations.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Parse and interpret DSL scripts written in Groovy.
      • Generate Jenkins job configurations based on the DSL script definitions.
      • Manage the lifecycle of Jenkins jobs created by DSL scripts, including updates and deletions.
      • Integrate with Jenkins Core to create and manage jobs.
    • Security controls:
      • Input validation of DSL scripts to prevent malicious code execution or injection attacks.
      • Authorization checks to ensure that only authorized users can create or modify jobs through DSL scripts.
      • Secure handling of credentials and sensitive information within DSL scripts and job configurations.
      • Adherence to Jenkins plugin security guidelines and best practices.

  • Element:

    • Name: Jenkins Core
    • Type: Application Runtime
    • Description: Jenkins Core is the foundational runtime environment for the Jenkins application and its plugins. It provides the core functionalities for job scheduling, build execution, plugin management, and security.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Provide the runtime environment for Jenkins plugins, including the Job DSL Plugin.
      • Manage job scheduling and execution.
      • Handle build process orchestration and execution.
      • Manage Jenkins plugins and their lifecycle.
      • Enforce the Jenkins security framework and access control policies.
      • Provide core functionalities like logging, event handling, and resource management.
    • Security controls:
      • Core Jenkins security features, including authentication, authorization, and session management.
      • Plugin security framework to isolate and manage plugin permissions.
      • Resource management to prevent resource exhaustion and denial-of-service attacks.
      • Regular security updates and patching of Jenkins Core.

  • Element:

    • Name: DSL Scripts
    • Type: Configuration Files
    • Description: DSL scripts are Groovy-based configuration files that define Jenkins job configurations as code. These scripts are typically stored in Source Code Repositories alongside application code.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Define job parameters, build steps, post-build actions, and other job configurations in a declarative manner.
      • Enable version control of Jenkins job configurations.
      • Facilitate automation and repeatability in job setup.
      • Serve as input for the Job DSL Plugin to create and manage Jenkins jobs.
    • Security controls:
      • Version control in Source Code Repositories to track changes and enable rollback.
      • Access control in repositories to restrict who can modify DSL scripts.
      • Code review processes for DSL scripts to identify potential security issues or misconfigurations before they are applied.
      • Static analysis of DSL scripts to detect potential vulnerabilities.

DEPLOYMENT

Deployment of the Job DSL Plugin is straightforward as it is a Jenkins plugin. It is deployed within the Jenkins server environment.

flowchart LR
    subgraph "Jenkins Server Environment"
        A["Jenkins Master Server"
        Type: Server
        Description: Server hosting the Jenkins master application.
        Responsibilities: Run Jenkins master, host plugins, manage CI/CD pipelines.
        Security controls: Server hardening, OS security, network security, access control.
        "]
        B["Jenkins Web Application"
        Type: Web Application Container
        Description: Web application container (e.g., Jetty, Tomcat) running the Jenkins web application.
        Responsibilities: Serve Jenkins UI and API, handle user requests.
        Security controls: Web application container security configuration, TLS/SSL encryption.
        "]
        C["Job DSL Plugin (JAR)"
        Type: Plugin File
        Description: JAR file of the Job DSL Plugin deployed within the Jenkins plugins directory.
        Responsibilities: Provide Job DSL functionality within Jenkins.
        Security controls: Plugin verification, access control to plugins directory.
        "]
    end
    A --> B
    A --> C
    B -- Runs --> C
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DEPLOYMENT Elements Description

  • Element:

    • Name: Jenkins Master Server
    • Type: Server
    • Description: The physical or virtual server that hosts the Jenkins master application. This server provides the underlying infrastructure for Jenkins and its plugins.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Run the Jenkins master application.
      • Host Jenkins plugins, including the Job DSL Plugin.
      • Provide resources (CPU, memory, storage) for Jenkins operations.
      • Manage the overall Jenkins environment.
    • Security controls:
      • Server hardening to minimize the attack surface.
      • Operating System (OS) security configurations and patching.
      • Network security controls (firewalls, network segmentation).
      • Access control to the server itself (physical and remote access).

  • Element:

    • Name: Jenkins Web Application
    • Type: Web Application Container
    • Description: The web application container (e.g., Jetty, Tomcat, or the embedded Winstone-based container) that runs the Jenkins web application. This container provides the runtime environment for the Jenkins UI and API.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Serve the Jenkins web user interface.
      • Handle API requests from users and other systems.
      • Manage web application sessions and security contexts.
      • Provide a secure environment for running the Jenkins web application.
    • Security controls:
      • Web application container security configuration and hardening.
      • TLS/SSL encryption for communication between clients and the Jenkins web application.
      • Regular updates and patching of the web application container.

  • Element:

    • Name: Job DSL Plugin (JAR)
    • Type: Plugin File
    • Description: The JAR (Java Archive) file containing the compiled code and resources of the Job DSL Plugin. This file is deployed within the Jenkins plugins directory to enable the plugin's functionality.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Provide the Job DSL functionality within Jenkins.
      • Integrate with Jenkins Core to extend its capabilities.
      • Be loaded and executed by Jenkins during runtime.
    • Security controls:
      • Plugin verification mechanisms (e.g., checksums, signatures) to ensure plugin integrity.
      • Access control to the Jenkins plugins directory to restrict plugin installation and modification.
      • Plugin security scanning and vulnerability assessments.

BUILD

The build process for the Job DSL Plugin typically involves using Maven to compile the Java code, run tests, and package the plugin as a .hpi (Jenkins plugin package) file.

flowchart LR
    A["Developer"
    Type: Person
    Description: Plugin developer writing and modifying plugin code.
    Responsibilities: Write code, commit changes, run local builds and tests.
    Security controls: Developer workstation security, code review, secure coding practices.
    "] --> B["Source Code Repository (GitHub)"
    Type: System
    Description: GitHub repository hosting the Job DSL Plugin source code.
    Responsibilities: Version control, code storage, collaboration.
    Security controls: Repository access controls, branch protection, commit signing.
    "]
    B --> C["Build Server (Jenkins CI)"
    Type: System
    Description: Jenkins CI server used for automated builds of the plugin.
    Responsibilities: Automated build execution, testing, packaging, publishing.
    Security controls: Jenkins security, build environment security, access control to build artifacts.
    "]
    C --> D["Maven Build Process"
    Type: Process
    Description: Maven build process executing within the build server.
    Responsibilities: Compilation, dependency management, testing, packaging.
    Security controls: Dependency scanning, vulnerability checks, build process isolation.
    "]
    D --> E["Build Artifacts (.hpi)"
    Type: File
    Description: Jenkins plugin package file (.hpi) produced by the build process.
    Responsibilities: Deployable plugin package.
    Security controls: Artifact signing, storage security, access control.
    "]
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BUILD Elements Description

  • Element:

    • Name: Developer
    • Type: Person
    • Description: A software developer who writes, modifies, and maintains the code for the Job DSL Plugin.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Write and develop plugin code in Java and Groovy.
      • Commit code changes to the Source Code Repository.
      • Run local builds and tests to verify code changes.
      • Participate in code reviews.
      • Adhere to secure coding practices.
    • Security controls:
      • Developer workstation security (OS security, endpoint protection).
      • Code review processes to identify potential security vulnerabilities.
      • Secure coding practices training and guidelines.
      • Access control to development tools and resources.

  • Element:

    • Name: Source Code Repository (GitHub)
    • Type: System
    • Description: The GitHub repository where the Job DSL Plugin's source code is hosted. This repository serves as the central version control system and collaboration platform for plugin development.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Store and version control the plugin's source code.
      • Facilitate collaboration among developers through pull requests and code reviews.
      • Track code changes and history.
      • Manage branches and releases.
    • Security controls:
      • Repository access controls to restrict who can read and write code.
      • Branch protection rules to enforce code review and prevent direct commits to protected branches.
      • Commit signing to ensure code integrity and author verification.
      • Security scanning of the repository for vulnerabilities.

  • Element:

    • Name: Build Server (Jenkins CI)
    • Type: System
    • Description: A Jenkins CI server (or similar CI/CD system) used to automate the build process of the Job DSL Plugin. This server executes the build pipeline whenever code changes are pushed to the repository.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Automate the plugin build process.
      • Execute build steps, including compilation, testing, and packaging.
      • Generate build artifacts (e.g., .hpi file).
      • Potentially publish build artifacts to a repository.
    • Security controls:
      • Jenkins security model to control access to the build server and build jobs.
      • Build environment security hardening to minimize vulnerabilities.
      • Access control to build artifacts and build logs.
      • Regular security updates and patching of the build server.

  • Element:

    • Name: Maven Build Process
    • Type: Process
    • Description: The Maven build process is the set of steps executed by Maven to build the Job DSL Plugin. This includes compiling Java and Groovy code, managing dependencies, running unit and integration tests, and packaging the plugin into a .hpi file.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Compile source code.
      • Manage project dependencies.
      • Run unit and integration tests.
      • Package the plugin as a .hpi file.
      • Perform static analysis and security checks during the build.
    • Security controls:
      • Dependency scanning to identify vulnerable dependencies.
      • Vulnerability checks during the build process using tools like dependency-check.
      • Build process isolation to prevent interference between builds.
      • Static analysis tools (SAST) to scan code for potential vulnerabilities.

  • Element:

    • Name: Build Artifacts (.hpi)
    • Type: File
    • Description: The Jenkins plugin package file (.hpi) produced as the output of the build process. This file contains the compiled plugin code and is ready to be deployed to a Jenkins server.
    • Responsibilities:
      • Serve as the deployable package for the Job DSL Plugin.
      • Contain all necessary components for the plugin to function within Jenkins.
    • Security controls:
      • Artifact signing to ensure the integrity and authenticity of the plugin package.
      • Secure storage of build artifacts to prevent unauthorized access or modification.
      • Access control to build artifacts to restrict who can download or deploy the plugin.

RISK ASSESSMENT

Critical business process we are trying to protect:

  • Automation of Jenkins job configuration and management, which is a key part of the CI/CD pipeline. Disruption or compromise of this process can lead to delays in software delivery, inconsistencies in deployments, and potential security vulnerabilities in deployed applications due to misconfigurations.

Data we are trying to protect and their sensitivity:

  • Job DSL scripts: These scripts contain the configuration of Jenkins jobs, including build steps, deployment procedures, and potentially sensitive information like credentials or API keys. Sensitivity: Confidentiality and Integrity. Unauthorized access could reveal sensitive information or allow malicious modification of job configurations.
  • Jenkins job configurations (generated from DSL scripts): These configurations, stored within Jenkins, also contain sensitive information and define the behavior of CI/CD pipelines. Sensitivity: Confidentiality and Integrity.
  • Credentials and secrets managed within Jenkins and potentially used in DSL scripts: These are highly sensitive and critical for accessing external systems and deploying applications. Sensitivity: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability. Compromise of these credentials can lead to unauthorized access to critical systems.
  • Build artifacts and logs generated by Jenkins jobs defined by DSL scripts: These may contain sensitive information depending on the nature of the jobs and the applications being built. Sensitivity: Confidentiality and Integrity.

QUESTIONS & ASSUMPTIONS

Questions:

  • What is the target environment for Jenkins and the Job DSL Plugin? (e.g., cloud, on-premises, hybrid). This will influence deployment and infrastructure security considerations.
  • What is the organization's overall security posture and risk appetite? (e.g., startup vs. Fortune 500). This will help prioritize security controls and recommendations.
  • Are there specific compliance requirements that need to be considered (e.g., PCI DSS, HIPAA, GDPR)? This might introduce additional security requirements.
  • What is the expected user base and their roles and responsibilities regarding Jenkins and Job DSL? This will help define appropriate access control and authorization policies.
  • Are there existing security tools and processes in place within the organization's CI/CD pipeline? This will help integrate recommended security controls with existing infrastructure.

Assumptions:

  • The Job DSL Plugin is intended to be used in a typical Jenkins environment for automating CI/CD pipelines.
  • Security is a relevant concern for the users of the Job DSL Plugin, and they are looking to improve the security posture of their Jenkins setup.
  • The organization using the plugin has a basic understanding of Jenkins security concepts and best practices.
  • DSL scripts are stored in version control systems and are subject to code review processes.
  • Jenkins is configured with authentication and authorization enabled.