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sec-design.md

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BUSINESS POSTURE

The clouddriver project, based on its name and context within the Spinnaker ecosystem, is likely a core component responsible for interacting with various cloud providers. Its primary business purpose is to enable multi-cloud deployments and management of applications. It acts as an abstraction layer, allowing Spinnaker and its users to interact with different cloud platforms (AWS, GCP, Azure, Kubernetes, etc.) through a unified interface.

Business Priorities and Goals:

  • Enable multi-cloud application deployments and management.
  • Provide a consistent interface for interacting with diverse cloud providers.
  • Automate cloud resource provisioning and management.
  • Improve application deployment speed and reliability across clouds.
  • Reduce operational complexity of managing multi-cloud environments.

Business Risks:

  • Cloud provider API changes breaking integration and deployment processes.
  • Security vulnerabilities in clouddriver leading to unauthorized access to cloud resources.
  • Performance bottlenecks in clouddriver impacting deployment speed and application availability.
  • Lack of support for new cloud providers or features hindering adoption and future growth.
  • Operational complexity in managing and maintaining clouddriver itself.

SECURITY POSTURE

Existing Security Controls:

  • security control: Code reviews are likely performed as part of the development process. (Location: GitHub repository - pull request process)
  • security control: Unit and integration tests are likely in place to ensure code quality and functionality. (Location: GitHub repository - test suites)
  • security control: Dependency management is likely used to manage third-party libraries. (Location: Build files - pom.xml, gradle.build)
  • security control: Version control system (Git) is used for source code management and tracking changes. (Location: GitHub repository)
  • security control: Build automation is likely in place to compile, test, and package the application. (Location: Likely CI/CD pipelines - GitHub Actions, Jenkins)
  • security control: Deployment to production environments likely follows a defined process. (Location: Deployment documentation or operational procedures)

Accepted Risks:

  • accepted risk: Reliance on third-party libraries introduces potential vulnerabilities.
  • accepted risk: Complexity of multi-cloud environment increases the attack surface.
  • accepted risk: Misconfigurations in cloud provider settings can lead to security breaches.

Recommended Security Controls:

  • security control: Implement static application security testing (SAST) in the build pipeline to identify potential vulnerabilities in the code.
  • security control: Implement dynamic application security testing (DAST) to identify vulnerabilities in the running application.
  • security control: Implement software composition analysis (SCA) to identify vulnerabilities in third-party dependencies.
  • security control: Regularly perform penetration testing to identify and address security weaknesses.
  • security control: Implement robust logging and monitoring of security-relevant events.
  • security control: Implement infrastructure as code (IaC) security scanning to identify misconfigurations in deployment configurations.
  • security control: Implement secret management solution to securely store and access sensitive credentials.

Security Requirements:

  • Authentication:
    • security requirement: clouddriver should authenticate requests from Spinnaker components and authorized users.
    • security requirement: Authentication mechanism should be secure and resistant to common attacks (e.g., replay attacks, brute-force attacks).
    • security requirement: Consider using mutual TLS (mTLS) for service-to-service authentication within Spinnaker.
  • Authorization:
    • security requirement: clouddriver should enforce fine-grained authorization to control access to cloud resources and operations.
    • security requirement: Authorization should be based on the principle of least privilege.
    • security requirement: Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) should be implemented to manage user and service permissions.
  • Input Validation:
    • security requirement: All inputs to clouddriver, especially API requests and data from cloud providers, must be thoroughly validated.
    • security requirement: Input validation should prevent common injection attacks (e.g., SQL injection, command injection, cross-site scripting).
    • security requirement: Data received from cloud providers should be validated to ensure integrity and prevent unexpected behavior.
  • Cryptography:
    • security requirement: Sensitive data at rest (e.g., credentials, configuration) should be encrypted.
    • security requirement: Sensitive data in transit (e.g., API requests, communication with cloud providers) should be encrypted using TLS.
    • security requirement: Cryptographic keys should be securely managed and rotated regularly.

DESIGN

C4 CONTEXT

graph LR
    subgraph "Spinnaker Ecosystem"
        Clouddriver["Clouddriver" type="System"]
        Deck["Deck" type="System"]
        Orca["Orca" type="System"]
    end
    CloudProvider["Cloud Provider (AWS, GCP, Azure, Kubernetes)" type="System"]
    User["User (Operator, Developer)" type="Person"]

    User --> Deck
    Deck --> Orca
    Orca --> Clouddriver
    Clouddriver --> CloudProvider

    style Clouddriver fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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Context Diagram Elements:

  • Element:

    • Name: User
    • Type: Person
    • Description: Operators and developers who use Spinnaker to manage and deploy applications.
    • Responsibilities: Initiate deployment pipelines, monitor application status, manage cloud resources through Spinnaker UI (Deck).
    • Security controls: Authentication to Spinnaker (Deck), Authorization within Spinnaker (RBAC).

  • Element:

    • Name: Deck
    • Type: System
    • Description: Spinnaker's user interface, providing a web-based UI for users to interact with Spinnaker.
    • Responsibilities: Present Spinnaker functionalities to users, relay user actions to backend services (Orca).
    • Security controls: Authentication and authorization for user access, input validation of user inputs, secure communication with backend services.

  • Element:

    • Name: Orca
    • Type: System
    • Description: Spinnaker's orchestration engine, responsible for executing deployment pipelines and workflows.
    • Responsibilities: Manage deployment pipelines, coordinate actions across different Spinnaker components, interact with Clouddriver to manage cloud resources.
    • Security controls: Authentication and authorization for inter-service communication, secure pipeline definition and execution, input validation of pipeline parameters.

  • Element:

    • Name: Clouddriver
    • Type: System
    • Description: Spinnaker's cloud provider abstraction layer, responsible for interacting with various cloud providers.
    • Responsibilities: Translate Spinnaker's requests into cloud provider-specific API calls, manage cloud resources (instances, load balancers, clusters, etc.), provide a consistent interface for cloud operations.
    • Security controls: Authentication and authorization for inter-service communication, secure communication with cloud providers (API keys, IAM roles), input validation of requests, secure credential management.

  • Element:

    • Name: Cloud Provider (AWS, GCP, Azure, Kubernetes)
    • Type: System
    • Description: External cloud infrastructure providers that host applications and resources managed by Spinnaker.
    • Responsibilities: Provide cloud infrastructure services (compute, storage, networking), manage cloud resources based on requests from Clouddriver.
    • Security controls: Cloud provider's security controls (IAM, network security groups, encryption), API authentication and authorization, logging and monitoring.

C4 CONTAINER

graph LR
    subgraph "Clouddriver System"
        API["API Service" type="Container"]
        Core["Core Logic" type="Container"]
        Cache["Caching Service" type="Container"]
        Persistence["Persistence Layer" type="Container"]
        CloudProviderClient["Cloud Provider Clients" type="Container"]
    end
    Orca["Orca" type="System"]
    CloudProvider["Cloud Provider (AWS, GCP, Azure, Kubernetes)" type="System"]

    Orca --> API
    API --> Core
    Core --> Cache
    Core --> Persistence
    Core --> CloudProviderClient
    CloudProviderClient --> CloudProvider
    Cache --> Persistence

    style API fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Core fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Cache fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Persistence fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style CloudProviderClient fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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Container Diagram Elements:

  • Element:

    • Name: API Service
    • Type: Container
    • Description: Exposes REST APIs for other Spinnaker components (primarily Orca) to interact with Clouddriver. Likely built using Spring Boot and Java/Kotlin.
    • Responsibilities: Receive and validate API requests, route requests to Core Logic, handle authentication and authorization for API access.
    • Security controls: API authentication and authorization (e.g., OAuth 2.0, mTLS), input validation of API requests, rate limiting, API security best practices.

  • Element:

    • Name: Core Logic
    • Type: Container
    • Description: Contains the main business logic of Clouddriver, including cloud provider abstraction, resource management, and data processing. Likely implemented in Java/Kotlin.
    • Responsibilities: Implement cloud provider agnostic operations, manage resource state, orchestrate interactions with Cloud Provider Clients, implement caching and persistence logic.
    • Security controls: Authorization checks for operations, secure data handling, logging and auditing of security-relevant events.

  • Element:

    • Name: Caching Service
    • Type: Container
    • Description: Provides caching mechanisms to improve performance and reduce load on cloud provider APIs. Likely uses a distributed caching solution like Redis or Memcached.
    • Responsibilities: Cache frequently accessed data from cloud providers, provide fast data retrieval for Core Logic.
    • Security controls: Secure access to cache service, data encryption at rest and in transit (if sensitive data is cached), cache invalidation mechanisms.

  • Element:

    • Name: Persistence Layer
    • Type: Container
    • Description: Handles persistent storage of Clouddriver's data, such as resource state, configurations, and metadata. Likely uses a database like MySQL, PostgreSQL, or Cassandra.
    • Responsibilities: Persist and retrieve data for Core Logic, ensure data consistency and durability.
    • Security controls: Database access control (authentication and authorization), data encryption at rest, database security hardening, regular backups.

  • Element:

    • Name: Cloud Provider Clients
    • Type: Container
    • Description: A collection of client libraries and modules responsible for interacting with specific cloud provider APIs. Each client is tailored to a particular cloud (AWS, GCP, Azure, Kubernetes, etc.).
    • Responsibilities: Translate generic cloud operations into cloud provider-specific API calls, handle API authentication and authorization for each cloud provider, manage API rate limits and error handling.
    • Security controls: Secure storage of cloud provider credentials (API keys, IAM roles), secure communication with cloud provider APIs (TLS), input validation of data exchanged with cloud providers.

DEPLOYMENT

Deployment Architecture Option: Kubernetes

graph LR
    subgraph "Kubernetes Cluster"
        subgraph "Namespace: spinnaker"
            subgraph "Pod: clouddriver-pod"
                Container_API["Container: API Service" type="Container"]
                Container_Core["Container: Core Logic" type="Container"]
            end
            Service_Clouddriver["Service: clouddriver-service" type="Service"]
        end
        subgraph "Namespace: caching"
            Pod_Redis["Pod: redis-pod" type="Pod"]
            Service_Redis["Service: redis-service" type="Service"]
        end
        subgraph "Namespace: database"
            Pod_DB["Pod: db-pod" type="Pod"]
            Service_DB["Service: db-service" type="Service"]
        end
    end
    LoadBalancer["Load Balancer" type="Infrastructure"]
    External_User["External User (Orca)" type="External"]

    External_User --> LoadBalancer
    LoadBalancer --> Service_Clouddriver
    Service_Clouddriver --> Container_API
    Service_Clouddriver --> Container_Core
    Container_Core --> Service_Redis
    Container_Core --> Service_DB
    Pod_Redis --> Service_Redis
    Pod_DB --> Service_DB

    style Container_API fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Container_Core fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Pod_Redis fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Pod_DB fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Service_Clouddriver fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Service_Redis fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Service_DB fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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Deployment Diagram Elements (Kubernetes Deployment):

  • Element:

    • Name: Kubernetes Cluster
    • Type: Infrastructure
    • Description: A Kubernetes cluster providing the runtime environment for Clouddriver and its dependencies.
    • Responsibilities: Container orchestration, resource management, service discovery, scalability, high availability.
    • Security controls: Kubernetes RBAC, network policies, pod security policies/admission controllers, cluster security hardening, regular security updates.

  • Element:

    • Name: Namespace: spinnaker
    • Type: Namespace
    • Description: Kubernetes namespace dedicated to Spinnaker components, including Clouddriver.
    • Responsibilities: Isolation of Spinnaker resources within the cluster, resource quotas, access control within the namespace.
    • Security controls: Kubernetes RBAC for namespace access, network policies to restrict traffic within and outside the namespace.

  • Element:

    • Name: Pod: clouddriver-pod
    • Type: Pod
    • Description: Kubernetes pod hosting Clouddriver containers (API Service and Core Logic).
    • Responsibilities: Run Clouddriver containers, provide shared network and storage for containers within the pod.
    • Security controls: Container security (base image scanning, vulnerability management), pod security context, resource limits.

  • Element:

    • Name: Container: API Service
    • Type: Container
    • Description: Docker container running the API Service component of Clouddriver.
    • Responsibilities: Expose and handle API requests, implement API security controls.
    • Security controls: Container image scanning, least privilege user for container process, application-level security controls (authentication, authorization, input validation).

  • Element:

    • Name: Container: Core Logic
    • Type: Container
    • Description: Docker container running the Core Logic component of Clouddriver.
    • Responsibilities: Implement core business logic, interact with other containers and services.
    • Security controls: Container image scanning, least privilege user for container process, application-level security controls (authorization, secure data handling).

  • Element:

    • Name: Service: clouddriver-service
    • Type: Service
    • Description: Kubernetes service exposing the Clouddriver API within the cluster.
    • Responsibilities: Load balancing and service discovery for Clouddriver pods, provide a stable endpoint for accessing Clouddriver API.
    • Security controls: Network policies to control access to the service, service account for pod identity.

  • Element:

    • Name: Namespace: caching
    • Type: Namespace
    • Description: Kubernetes namespace for caching infrastructure (e.g., Redis).
    • Responsibilities: Isolation of caching resources, resource management.
    • Security controls: Kubernetes RBAC for namespace access, network policies.

  • Element:

    • Name: Pod: redis-pod
    • Type: Pod
    • Description: Kubernetes pod running a Redis instance for caching.
    • Responsibilities: Provide caching service for Clouddriver.
    • Security controls: Redis security configuration (authentication, access control), pod security context, network policies.

  • Element:

    • Name: Service: redis-service
    • Type: Service
    • Description: Kubernetes service exposing the Redis cache within the cluster.
    • Responsibilities: Service discovery for Redis, stable endpoint for accessing Redis.
    • Security controls: Network policies to control access to Redis service.

  • Element:

    • Name: Namespace: database
    • Type: Namespace
    • Description: Kubernetes namespace for database infrastructure.
    • Responsibilities: Isolation of database resources, resource management.
    • Security controls: Kubernetes RBAC for namespace access, network policies.

  • Element:

    • Name: Pod: db-pod
    • Type: Pod
    • Description: Kubernetes pod running a database instance (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL).
    • Responsibilities: Persistent data storage for Clouddriver.
    • Security controls: Database security hardening (authentication, authorization, encryption at rest), pod security context, network policies.

  • Element:

    • Name: Service: db-service
    • Type: Service
    • Description: Kubernetes service exposing the database within the cluster.
    • Responsibilities: Service discovery for database, stable endpoint for database access.
    • Security controls: Network policies to control access to database service.

  • Element:

    • Name: Load Balancer
    • Type: Infrastructure
    • Description: External load balancer providing access to the Clouddriver service from outside the Kubernetes cluster (e.g., from Orca).
    • Responsibilities: Route traffic to Clouddriver service, provide external access point.
    • Security controls: Load balancer security configuration (TLS termination, access control lists), network security groups.

  • Element:

    • Name: External User (Orca)
    • Type: External
    • Description: Orca service accessing Clouddriver API.
    • Responsibilities: Consume Clouddriver API to manage cloud resources.
    • Security controls: Authentication and authorization when accessing Clouddriver API.

BUILD

graph LR
    Developer["Developer" type="Person"] --> SourceCode["Source Code (Git Repository)" type="Database"]
    SourceCode --> BuildSystem["Build System (GitHub Actions, Jenkins)" type="System"]
    BuildSystem --> Test["Automated Tests (Unit, Integration)" type="System"]
    Test -- Success --> SecurityChecks["Security Checks (SAST, SCA, Linters)" type="System"]
    Test -- Failure --> Developer
    SecurityChecks -- Success --> ArtifactRepository["Artifact Repository (Docker Registry, Maven Repository)" type="Database"]
    SecurityChecks -- Failure --> Developer
    ArtifactRepository --> DeploymentSystem["Deployment System (Kubernetes, Spinnaker Pipelines)" type="System"]

    style BuildSystem fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Test fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style SecurityChecks fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style ArtifactRepository fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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Build Process Description:

  1. Developer writes code and commits changes to the Source Code repository (Git).
  2. Build System (e.g., GitHub Actions, Jenkins) is triggered by code changes.
  3. Build System compiles the code, runs Automated Tests (unit and integration tests).
  4. If tests pass, Build System performs Security Checks:
    • Static Application Security Testing (SAST) to analyze source code for vulnerabilities.
    • Software Composition Analysis (SCA) to scan dependencies for known vulnerabilities.
    • Linters to enforce code quality and style guidelines.
  5. If security checks pass, Build System builds and pushes artifacts (e.g., Docker images, JAR files) to the Artifact Repository (e.g., Docker Registry, Maven Repository).
  6. If tests or security checks fail, the Build System notifies the Developer, and the process stops until the issues are resolved.
  7. Deployment System (e.g., Kubernetes, Spinnaker Pipelines) retrieves artifacts from the Artifact Repository and deploys them to target environments.

Build Security Controls:

  • security control: Secure Build Environment: Use hardened build agents and infrastructure.
  • security control: Code Scanning (SAST): Integrate SAST tools into the build pipeline to detect code vulnerabilities.
  • security control: Dependency Scanning (SCA): Integrate SCA tools to identify vulnerable dependencies.
  • security control: Container Image Scanning: Scan Docker images for vulnerabilities before pushing to the registry.
  • security control: Code Signing: Sign build artifacts to ensure integrity and authenticity.
  • security control: Access Control: Restrict access to the build system and artifact repository to authorized personnel and systems.
  • security control: Audit Logging: Log all build activities and security checks for auditing and monitoring.
  • security control: Build Pipeline Security: Secure the CI/CD pipeline configuration and prevent unauthorized modifications.

RISK ASSESSMENT

Critical Business Processes:

  • Application deployment and updates across multi-cloud environments.
  • Cloud resource provisioning and management.
  • Maintaining application availability and performance in the cloud.

Data Sensitivity:

  • Cloud provider credentials (API keys, IAM roles): Highly sensitive, compromise can lead to unauthorized access to cloud resources.
  • Application configurations: Sensitive, may contain secrets or sensitive settings.
  • Deployment pipelines definitions: Sensitive, may contain business logic and deployment strategies.
  • Audit logs: Sensitive, contain security-relevant events and user activities.
  • Cached data: Potentially sensitive, depending on what is cached (e.g., resource metadata).

Data Sensitivity Classification:

  • Cloud provider credentials: Highly Confidential
  • Application configurations: Confidential
  • Deployment pipelines definitions: Confidential
  • Audit logs: Confidential
  • Cached data: Confidential/Sensitive

QUESTIONS & ASSUMPTIONS

Questions:

  • What is the authentication and authorization mechanism used for API access to Clouddriver?
  • What type of data is cached by the Caching Service and what is its sensitivity?
  • What database is used for persistence and what security measures are in place for the database?
  • What cloud providers are currently supported and what is the roadmap for adding new providers?
  • What are the specific SAST, SCA, and linting tools used in the build pipeline?
  • What is the process for managing and rotating cloud provider credentials?
  • Are there any specific compliance requirements (e.g., SOC 2, PCI DSS, HIPAA) that Clouddriver needs to adhere to?

Assumptions:

  • Assumption: Clouddriver is a critical component in the Spinnaker ecosystem, responsible for managing cloud resources.
  • Assumption: Security is a high priority for the Clouddriver project due to its role in cloud infrastructure management.
  • Assumption: Clouddriver is deployed in a cloud environment, likely Kubernetes.
  • Assumption: Standard secure software development lifecycle practices are followed.
  • Assumption: Build process is automated and includes security checks.
  • Assumption: Data at rest and in transit is encrypted.
  • Assumption: Access to Clouddriver APIs and resources is controlled through authentication and authorization mechanisms.