Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
97 lines (60 loc) · 5.55 KB

threat-modeling.md

File metadata and controls

97 lines (60 loc) · 5.55 KB

Threat Model Analysis for hibernate/hibernate-orm

Threat: HQL/JPQL Injection

Description: An attacker injects malicious HQL or JPQL code into application queries by manipulating user input. This allows execution of arbitrary database commands.

Impact: Data breach (reading, modifying, deleting sensitive data), potential denial of service, and in rare cases, potential for remote code execution on the database server.

Hibernate ORM Component Affected: Query Language Parsing and Execution (SessionFactory, Session, Query creation methods).

Risk Severity: Critical

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Always use parameterized queries for HQL/JPQL.
  • Validate and sanitize all user inputs before using them in queries.
  • Apply the principle of least privilege to database user accounts.
  • Conduct regular code reviews focusing on HQL/JPQL query construction.

Threat: Native SQL Injection via Hibernate

Description: An attacker injects malicious SQL code when the application uses native SQL queries through Hibernate's session.createNativeQuery() and fails to properly parameterize user input. This allows direct execution of arbitrary SQL commands on the database.

Impact: Data breach (reading, modifying, deleting sensitive data), potential denial of service, and potential for remote code execution on the database server.

Hibernate ORM Component Affected: Native Query Execution ( Session, session.createNativeQuery()).

Risk Severity: Critical

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Avoid using native SQL queries whenever possible. Prefer HQL/JPQL or Criteria API.
  • If native SQL is necessary, rigorously use parameter binding provided by Hibernate for all user-controlled input.
  • Validate and sanitize all user inputs before using them in native SQL queries.
  • Apply the principle of least privilege to database user accounts.
  • Conduct thorough code reviews of all native SQL queries.

Threat: Mapping Misconfigurations - Data Exposure

Description: Incorrect Hibernate entity mappings, particularly around relationships and field access, can unintentionally expose sensitive data to unauthorized users or contexts.

Impact: Unintentional data breaches and exposure of sensitive information.

Hibernate ORM Component Affected: Entity Mapping (@Entity, @Column, Relationships annotations), Fetching Strategies.

Risk Severity: High

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Carefully design and review Hibernate entity mappings, focusing on relationships and data visibility.
  • Apply the principle of least privilege in mappings, only mapping necessary fields and relationships.
  • Use projection queries to retrieve only necessary data fields, avoiding fetching entire entities when not required.
  • Regularly review mappings for potential misconfigurations.

Threat: Mapping Misconfigurations - Data Corruption via Cascade Operations

Description: Incorrectly configured cascade types in entity relationships can lead to unintended data modifications or deletions, causing data corruption or loss.

Impact: Data corruption, data loss, and application instability.

Hibernate ORM Component Affected: Entity Mapping (Relationship annotations, CascadeType), Persistence Operations.

Risk Severity: High

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Carefully configure cascade types, understanding the implications of each type.
  • Thoroughly test cascade operations in various scenarios to ensure intended behavior.
  • Avoid overly permissive cascade types like CascadeType.ALL unless absolutely necessary and well-understood.
  • Implement proper data backup and recovery mechanisms.

Threat: Insecure Hibernate Configuration - Database Credentials Exposure

Description: Storing database credentials directly in Hibernate configuration files can lead to credential exposure if these files are compromised, allowing unauthorized database access.

Impact: Unauthorized database access, data breach, and potential system compromise.

Hibernate ORM Component Affected: Configuration Loading (Configuration, SessionFactoryBuilder), Connection Provider.

Risk Severity: High

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Externalize database credentials using environment variables, system properties, or secure configuration management tools.
  • Avoid storing credentials directly in configuration files.
  • Implement proper access control for configuration files.

Threat: XML External Entity (XXE) Injection (If using XML Configuration)

Description: If using XML-based Hibernate configuration, and the XML parser is not properly configured, an attacker can exploit XXE vulnerabilities to read local files or perform Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).

Impact: Information disclosure (local file access), Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).

Hibernate ORM Component Affected: XML Configuration Parsing (Configuration, SessionFactoryBuilder when using XML configuration files).

Risk Severity: High

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Prefer programmatic configuration over XML-based configuration.
  • If XML configuration is necessary, configure the XML parser to disable external entity processing.
  • Keep Hibernate and underlying XML parsing libraries up-to-date.