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Threat Model Analysis for stirling-tools/stirling-pdf

Threat: Malicious PDF Upload leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE)

Description: An attacker uploads a specially crafted PDF file designed to exploit vulnerabilities in Stirling-PDF's PDF parsing libraries. Upon processing, the malicious PDF triggers code execution on the server, allowing the attacker to gain control. Impact: Critical - Full server compromise, data breach, complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Stirling-PDF Component Affected: PDF Processing Module (underlying PDF parsing libraries). Risk Severity: Critical Mitigation Strategies:

  • Keep Stirling-PDF and its dependencies updated to patch known vulnerabilities.
  • Implement resource limits for PDF processing.
  • Consider sandboxing or containerization for PDF processing.
  • Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing.

Threat: Malicious PDF Upload leading to Denial of Service (DoS)

Description: An attacker uploads a PDF file crafted to consume excessive server resources during processing by Stirling-PDF, overloading the server and making the application unavailable. Impact: High - Application unavailability, service disruption, performance degradation for legitimate users. Stirling-PDF Component Affected: PDF Processing Module (resource consumption during PDF parsing). Risk Severity: High Mitigation Strategies:

  • Implement strict resource limits (CPU, memory, processing time) for PDF processing.
  • Implement rate limiting on file uploads.
  • Limit the maximum allowed file size for PDF uploads.
  • Offload PDF processing to background queues.

Threat: Malicious PDF Upload leading to Information Disclosure

Description: A specially crafted PDF exploits vulnerabilities in PDF parsing to extract sensitive information from the server's memory or file system during processing, potentially exposing confidential data. Impact: High - Exposure of sensitive data, configuration details, internal application information. Stirling-PDF Component Affected: PDF Processing Module (memory management during PDF parsing). Risk Severity: High Mitigation Strategies:

  • Keep Stirling-PDF and its dependencies updated to patch information disclosure vulnerabilities.
  • Run Stirling-PDF with the principle of least privilege.
  • Conduct regular security audits to identify potential information leakage vulnerabilities.

Threat: Vulnerable Dependencies (Libraries)

Description: Stirling-PDF relies on Java libraries that may contain known security vulnerabilities. Using vulnerable versions exposes the application to exploitation, potentially leading to RCE, DoS, or information disclosure. Impact: Varies - Can be Critical or High depending on the severity of the dependency vulnerability. Stirling-PDF Component Affected: Dependency Management (vulnerable libraries used by Stirling-PDF). Risk Severity: Varies (Critical to High) Mitigation Strategies:

  • Implement automated dependency scanning to identify vulnerable libraries.
  • Regularly update Stirling-PDF's dependencies to the latest secure versions.
  • Use Software Composition Analysis (SCA) tools for continuous monitoring.

Threat: Transitive Dependency Vulnerabilities

Description: Vulnerabilities in libraries that are dependencies of Stirling-PDF's direct dependencies (transitive dependencies) can be exploited indirectly, posing similar risks as direct dependency vulnerabilities. Impact: Varies - Can be Critical or High depending on the severity of the transitive dependency vulnerability. Stirling-PDF Component Affected: Dependency Management (transitive dependencies of Stirling-PDF's libraries). Risk Severity: Varies (Critical to High) Mitigation Strategies:

  • Use dependency scanning tools that identify transitive vulnerabilities.
  • Analyze the dependency tree to understand transitive dependencies.
  • Regularly update dependencies and rebuild Stirling-PDF to incorporate patches.

Threat: Lack of Security Updates and Patching

Description: Neglecting to regularly update Stirling-PDF and its dependencies with security patches leaves the application vulnerable to known exploits, increasing the risk of RCE, DoS, or information disclosure over time. Impact: High (over time) - Re-emergence of vulnerabilities, increased risk of exploitation as vulnerabilities become public. Stirling-PDF Component Affected: Operational Maintenance, Dependency Management. Risk Severity: High (over time) Mitigation Strategies:

  • Establish a robust patch management process for Stirling-PDF and its dependencies.
  • Regularly monitor for security updates and announcements.
  • Implement automated update mechanisms where feasible and safe.