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Attack Tree Analysis for dcloudio/uni-app

Objective: To achieve unauthorized access, data manipulation, or malicious code execution within a uni-app application by exploiting uni-app specific vulnerabilities or weaknesses. This could lead to data breaches, account compromise, or application malfunction.

Attack Tree Visualization

[CRITICAL NODE] Compromise Uni-App Application [CRITICAL NODE] ├───[OR]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Uni-App Framework Specific Vulnerabilities [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├───[OR]─ [CRITICAL NODE] JavaScript Bridge Exploitation [CRITICAL NODE] │ │ └───[AND]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Inject Malicious JavaScript Code [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ └───[AND]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Execute Malicious Native Code via Bridge [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├───[OR]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit API Vulnerabilities [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ └───[AND]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Injection Attacks via Uni-App APIs (e.g., SQLi if backend interaction is involved via uni-app API) [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├───[OR]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Identify Platform-Specific Vulnerabilities Exposed by Uni-App Compilation [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ └─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Insecure Data Storage in Native Context (due to uni-app data handling) [HIGH-RISK PATH] ├───[OR]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Third-Party Components and Plugins [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├───[AND]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Vulnerabilities in Plugins/Components [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ └─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Known Vulnerabilities in Popular Uni-App Plugins [HIGH-RISK PATH] ├───[OR]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Misconfiguration and Insecure Development Practices (Uni-App Specific) [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├───[AND]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Insecure Data Handling Practices (Amplified by Uni-App) [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ └─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Client-Side Data Storage of Sensitive Information (Local Storage, etc.) - Common but relevant in mobile context [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ └───[AND]─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Lack of Security Best Practices in Uni-App Development [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ └─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Insufficient Input Validation in Uni-App Components [HIGH-RISK PATH]

Attack Tree Path: [CRITICAL NODE] Compromise Uni-App Application [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vector: This is the ultimate goal. All subsequent paths are attack vectors leading to this compromise. Successful compromise means achieving unauthorized access, data manipulation, or malicious code execution within the application.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Uni-App Framework Specific Vulnerabilities [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Targeting weaknesses inherent in the uni-app framework itself, rather than application-specific code.
    • Exploiting vulnerabilities in the JavaScript bridge, framework APIs, or platform-specific issues introduced during compilation.
    • This path is high-risk because framework vulnerabilities can affect many applications built with uni-app.

Attack Tree Path: [CRITICAL NODE] JavaScript Bridge Exploitation [CRITICAL NODE]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • The JavaScript bridge is a critical interface. Exploiting it allows attackers to bypass JavaScript sandboxing and interact with native functionalities.
    • Identify Insecure Bridge API Usage: Discovering bridge APIs that expose sensitive native functionalities or lack proper security controls.
    • Inject Malicious JavaScript Code: Injecting malicious JavaScript (e.g., via XSS or logic flaws) to interact with the bridge and execute malicious actions.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Inject Malicious JavaScript Code [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploit XSS Vulnerabilities (if applicable in uni-app context - e.g., webview): If the uni-app application uses webviews and is vulnerable to XSS, attackers can inject JavaScript to control the webview context and potentially interact with the bridge.
    • Manipulate Application Logic to Inject Code: Exploiting logic flaws in the application's JavaScript code to inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript.
    • Leverage Vulnerable Plugins/Components to Inject Code: Using vulnerabilities in third-party plugins or components to inject malicious JavaScript into the application context.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Execute Malicious Native Code via Bridge [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Craft Payload to Invoke Native Functions with Malicious Parameters: Creating specific payloads in JavaScript to call bridge APIs with malicious parameters that cause unintended or harmful native code execution.
    • Bypass Input Validation on Bridge API Calls: Circumventing or exploiting weaknesses in input validation mechanisms on bridge API calls to inject malicious data that is then processed by native code, potentially leading to code execution or system compromise.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit API Vulnerabilities [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Targeting vulnerabilities in APIs exposed by the uni-app application, especially those interacting with backend services.
    • Parameter Tampering in Uni-App APIs: Manipulating API parameters to bypass authorization, access unauthorized data, or modify application behavior.
    • Logic Flaws in Uni-App API Handling: Exploiting logical errors in how the application handles API requests to achieve unintended actions or bypass security controls.
    • Injection Attacks via Uni-App APIs (e.g., SQLi if backend interaction is involved via uni-app API): Injecting malicious code (e.g., SQL, OS commands) through API parameters that are not properly sanitized, leading to backend system compromise.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Injection Attacks via Uni-App APIs (e.g., SQLi if backend interaction is involved via uni-app API) [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Specifically focusing on injection vulnerabilities within APIs.
    • SQL Injection (SQLi): If uni-app APIs interact with databases, attackers can inject malicious SQL queries through API parameters to extract, modify, or delete database data, or even gain control of the database server.
    • OS Command Injection: If APIs execute system commands based on user input, attackers can inject malicious commands to execute arbitrary code on the server.
    • Other Injection Types: Depending on the API implementation, other injection types like LDAP injection, XML injection, etc., might be possible.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Identify Platform-Specific Vulnerabilities Exposed by Uni-App Compilation [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Focusing on vulnerabilities that arise specifically from the uni-app compilation process and how it interacts with target platforms (iOS, Android, Web).
    • Insecure Data Storage in Native Context (due to uni-app data handling): Uni-app might handle data in a way that leads to insecure storage on native platforms (e.g., storing sensitive data in easily accessible locations, without encryption).

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Insecure Data Storage in Native Context (due to uni-app data handling) [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Specifically targeting insecure data storage on mobile devices.
    • Client-Side Data Storage of Sensitive Information (Local Storage, etc.): Storing sensitive data in client-side storage mechanisms like Local Storage, Web SQL, or unencrypted shared preferences, making it accessible to attackers with physical access to the device or through malware.
    • Inadequate Encryption: Storing data with weak or no encryption, making it vulnerable if the device is compromised.
    • Storing Data in World-Readable Locations: Placing sensitive data in file system locations that are accessible to other applications or users on the device.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Third-Party Components and Plugins [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploiting vulnerabilities in third-party libraries, plugins, and components used in the uni-app project.
    • Exploit Vulnerabilities in Plugins/Components: Targeting known vulnerabilities in popular uni-app plugins or components.
    • Malicious Plugins/Components (Supply Chain Attack): Using intentionally malicious plugins or components introduced through supply chain attacks (e.g., compromised npm packages).

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Vulnerabilities in Plugins/Components [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Specifically targeting vulnerabilities within plugins and components.
    • Known Vulnerabilities in Popular Uni-App Plugins: Exploiting publicly known vulnerabilities (CVEs) in widely used uni-app plugins. Attackers often target popular plugins because vulnerabilities in them can affect many applications.
    • Zero-Day Vulnerabilities in Plugins: Discovering and exploiting previously unknown vulnerabilities (zero-days) in plugins, which is more difficult but can be highly impactful.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Known Vulnerabilities in Popular Uni-App Plugins [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Focusing on exploiting known vulnerabilities.
    • Utilizing Publicly Available Exploits: Searching for and using publicly available exploits or proof-of-concept code for known vulnerabilities in popular uni-app plugins.
    • Adapting Existing Exploits: Modifying existing exploits to work against specific versions or configurations of vulnerable plugins used in the target application.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Misconfiguration and Insecure Development Practices (Uni-App Specific) [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploiting common misconfigurations and insecure coding practices in uni-app development.
    • Insecure Data Handling Practices (Amplified by Uni-App): Making mistakes in data handling, especially client-side data storage and insecure data transmission, which are common in mobile app development and can be amplified by uni-app if developers are not careful.
    • Lack of Security Best Practices in Uni-App Development: Failing to implement basic security measures like input validation and output encoding in uni-app components.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Insecure Data Handling Practices (Amplified by Uni-App) [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Focusing on insecure data handling.
    • Client-Side Data Storage of Sensitive Information (Local Storage, etc.): As described in point 9, this is a major insecure data handling practice.
    • Insecure Transmission of Data via Uni-App Network APIs: Transmitting sensitive data over unencrypted channels (HTTP instead of HTTPS) or using insecure network APIs provided by uni-app without proper security considerations.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Client-Side Data Storage of Sensitive Information (Local Storage, etc.) - Common but relevant in mobile context [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Specifically targeting insecure client-side storage.
    • Storing Sensitive Data in Local Storage/Web Storage: Using browser-based storage mechanisms like Local Storage or Session Storage to store sensitive information without encryption, making it easily accessible.
    • Storing Sensitive Data in Unencrypted Shared Preferences/Files (Native Apps): In native builds, storing sensitive data in unencrypted shared preferences (Android) or files in accessible locations (iOS/Android).

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Lack of Security Best Practices in Uni-App Development [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Focusing on the absence of fundamental security practices.
    • Insufficient Input Validation in Uni-App Components: Failing to properly validate user inputs in uni-app components, leading to vulnerabilities like XSS, injection attacks, and logic bypass.
    • Lack of Output Encoding in Uni-App Views (leading to XSS in webviews): If using webviews, failing to properly encode output data before displaying it in webviews, leading to XSS vulnerabilities.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Insufficient Input Validation in Uni-App Components [HIGH-RISK PATH]

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Specifically targeting input validation weaknesses.
    • Missing or Weak Input Validation: Not implementing input validation at all or using weak validation rules that can be easily bypassed.
    • Client-Side Validation Only: Relying solely on client-side JavaScript validation, which can be easily bypassed by attackers.
    • Improper Sanitization: Using incorrect or incomplete sanitization techniques that fail to prevent injection attacks or other input-related vulnerabilities.