attack-tree.md

Attack Tree Analysis for hakimel/reveal.js

Objective: Compromise Application Using Reveal.js

Attack Tree Visualization

Compromise Application Using Reveal.js ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Exploit Reveal.js Vulnerabilities │ ├── OR │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Known Reveal.js Vulnerabilities │ │ │ ├── AND │ │ │ │ ├── Identify Outdated Reveal.js Version │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Publicly Known Vulnerability (CVEs) │ │ │ ├── Exploit Dependency Vulnerabilities │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Vulnerability in Dependency ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Abuse Reveal.js Features for Malicious Purposes │ ├── OR │ │ ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via Reveal.js Features │ │ │ ├── OR │ │ │ │ ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Markdown Injection leading to XSS │ │ │ │ │ ├── AND │ │ │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Application Uses Reveal.js Markdown Feature │ │ │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Attacker Controls Markdown Content │ │ │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Inject Malicious JavaScript within Markdown │ │ │ │ ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] HTML Injection leading to XSS │ │ │ │ │ ├── AND │ │ │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Application Allows Raw HTML in Reveal.js Content │ │ │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Attacker Controls HTML Content │ │ │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Inject Malicious JavaScript within HTML │ │ │ │ ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Plugin Vulnerabilities leading to XSS │ │ │ │ │ ├── AND │ │ │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Application Uses Reveal.js Plugins │ │ │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Vulnerability Exists in a Plugin │ │ │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Plugin Vulnerability to Inject Malicious JavaScript │ │ │ ├── Content Injection/Defacement │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Application Allows User-Provided Content in Reveal.js Presentations ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Exploit Insecure Configuration or Integration of Reveal.js │ ├── OR │ │ ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Insecure Content Security Policy (CSP) │ │ │ ├── AND │ │ │ │ ├── Application Implements CSP │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] CSP is Misconfigured │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Weak CSP to Inject and Execute Malicious Scripts │ │ │ ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Exposing Sensitive Information in Presentation Content │ │ │ │ ├── AND │ │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Developers Unintentionally Include Sensitive Data in Reveal.js Presentations │ │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Presentation is Accessible to Unauthorized Users │ │ │ ├── [HIGH RISK PATH] Insecure Handling of Presentation Files │ │ │ │ ├── AND │ │ │ │ │ ├── [CRITICAL NODE] Presentation Files are Stored Insecurely │ │ │ │ │ └── [CRITICAL NODE] Attacker Gains Access to Presentation Files and Modifies or Extracts Sensitive Information

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH RISK PATH] Exploit Reveal.js Vulnerabilities

• Attack Vector: Targeting known or zero-day vulnerabilities within the Reveal.js library itself or its dependencies.
• Critical Nodes:
  • [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Known Reveal.js Vulnerabilities:
    • Description: Attackers exploit publicly disclosed vulnerabilities (CVEs) in specific versions of Reveal.js.
    • How it works: Attackers identify the Reveal.js version used by the application. If it's outdated and vulnerable, they use readily available exploits to compromise the application.
    • Potential Impact: Depending on the vulnerability, impact can range from XSS to Remote Code Execution (RCE), leading to full application compromise, data breach, and service disruption.
    • Mitigation:
      • Regularly update Reveal.js: Keep Reveal.js updated to the latest stable version to patch known vulnerabilities.
      • Vulnerability scanning: Implement automated vulnerability scanning to identify outdated versions and known vulnerabilities.
      • Monitor security advisories: Subscribe to security advisories and CVE databases related to Reveal.js and its dependencies.
  • [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Vulnerability in Dependency:
    • Description: Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in libraries that Reveal.js depends on (e.g., marked, highlight.js).
    • How it works: Similar to exploiting Reveal.js vulnerabilities, but targets its dependencies. Vulnerabilities in dependencies can be less obvious and easily overlooked.
    • Potential Impact: Impact depends on the dependency vulnerability, but can also lead to XSS, RCE, or other forms of compromise.
    • Mitigation:
      • Software Composition Analysis (SCA): Use SCA tools to continuously monitor and manage dependencies for known vulnerabilities.
      • Regularly update dependencies: Keep dependencies updated to patched versions.
      • Dependency auditing: Periodically audit dependencies for security issues and unnecessary inclusions.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH RISK PATH] Abuse Reveal.js Features for Malicious Purposes

• Attack Vector: Exploiting features of Reveal.js like Markdown and HTML rendering, and plugin functionality to inject malicious content or scripts.

  • [HIGH RISK PATH] Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via Reveal.js Features

    • Attack Vector: Injecting malicious JavaScript code into Reveal.js presentations that gets executed in users' browsers.

      • [HIGH RISK PATH] Markdown Injection leading to XSS

        • Critical Nodes:
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Application Uses Reveal.js Markdown Feature: The application utilizes Reveal.js's Markdown parsing capability.
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Attacker Controls Markdown Content: The attacker can influence or directly provide the Markdown content that is rendered by Reveal.js.
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Inject Malicious JavaScript within Markdown: The attacker crafts malicious Markdown content containing JavaScript (e.g., using <img src=x onerror=alert(1)> or similar techniques).
        • How it works: If the application uses Reveal.js's Markdown feature and allows user-provided Markdown content without proper sanitization, attackers can inject malicious JavaScript within the Markdown. When Reveal.js renders this Markdown, the malicious script executes in the user's browser.
        • Potential Impact: XSS can lead to session hijacking, account takeover, data theft, website defacement, and malware distribution.
        • Mitigation:
          • Secure Markdown Parser: Use a secure and well-maintained Markdown parser library.
          • Strict Sanitization: Sanitize user-provided Markdown content before rendering it with Reveal.js. Remove or encode potentially harmful HTML tags and JavaScript.
          • Content Security Policy (CSP): Implement a strict CSP to mitigate the impact of XSS by limiting the actions malicious scripts can perform.

      • [HIGH RISK PATH] HTML Injection leading to XSS

        • Critical Nodes:
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Application Allows Raw HTML in Reveal.js Content: The application permits the inclusion of raw HTML within Reveal.js presentations.
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Attacker Controls HTML Content: The attacker can influence or directly provide the HTML content used in Reveal.js.
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Inject Malicious JavaScript within HTML: The attacker injects malicious JavaScript code directly within the HTML (e.g., using <script>alert(1)</script>).
        • How it works: If the application allows raw HTML input into Reveal.js presentations, especially from untrusted sources, attackers can inject malicious JavaScript directly within the HTML.
        • Potential Impact: Similar to Markdown XSS, HTML injection XSS can lead to session hijacking, account takeover, data theft, website defacement, and malware distribution.
        • Mitigation:
          • Avoid Raw HTML Input: Prefer structured data formats like Markdown and sanitize them. Minimize or eliminate the allowance of raw HTML input, especially from untrusted sources.
          • HTML Sanitization: If raw HTML is necessary, use a robust HTML sanitization library to remove or neutralize potentially harmful HTML elements and attributes, especially JavaScript.
          • Content Security Policy (CSP): Implement a strict CSP to further limit the impact of any successful XSS.

      • [HIGH RISK PATH] Plugin Vulnerabilities leading to XSS

        • Critical Nodes:
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Application Uses Reveal.js Plugins: The application utilizes Reveal.js plugins to extend functionality.
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Vulnerability Exists in a Plugin: A security vulnerability (e.g., XSS, insecure code) exists within a Reveal.js plugin being used.
          • [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Plugin Vulnerability to Inject Malicious JavaScript: Attackers exploit the plugin vulnerability to inject and execute malicious JavaScript.
        • How it works: Reveal.js plugins, especially third-party ones, might contain vulnerabilities. If the application uses a vulnerable plugin, attackers can exploit these vulnerabilities to inject malicious scripts.
        • Potential Impact: XSS through plugin vulnerabilities can have the same severe consequences as other XSS attacks.
        • Mitigation:
          • Careful Plugin Selection: Choose plugins from trusted and reputable sources.
          • Plugin Vetting and Auditing: Thoroughly vet and, if possible, security audit plugins before using them, especially for critical applications.
          • Regular Plugin Updates: Keep plugins updated to the latest versions to patch known vulnerabilities.
          • Minimize Plugin Usage: Only use necessary plugins and avoid using plugins with excessive permissions or from untrusted sources.

  • Content Injection/Defacement

    • Critical Node:
      • [CRITICAL NODE] Application Allows User-Provided Content in Reveal.js Presentations: The application allows users to contribute or modify content within Reveal.js presentations.
    • How it works: If user-provided content is not properly validated and sanitized, attackers can inject malicious or unwanted content into presentations. This can range from defacement to spreading misinformation.
    • Potential Impact: Website defacement, misinformation campaigns, reputational damage, and potentially phishing attacks.
    • Mitigation:
      • Strict Content Validation: Implement strict validation for all user-provided content to ensure it conforms to expected formats and does not contain malicious or unwanted elements.
      • Content Sanitization: Sanitize user-provided content to remove or neutralize potentially harmful elements, even if not directly script-based.
      • Content Review and Moderation: Implement content review and moderation processes, especially for publicly accessible presentations, to prevent the spread of malicious or inappropriate content.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH RISK PATH] Exploit Insecure Configuration or Integration of Reveal.js

• Attack Vector: Exploiting weaknesses arising from insecure configuration of CSP, improper handling of sensitive data within presentations, or insecure storage of presentation files.

  • [HIGH RISK PATH] Insecure Content Security Policy (CSP)

    • Critical Nodes:
      • [CRITICAL NODE] CSP is Misconfigured: The Content Security Policy implemented by the application is weak or misconfigured (e.g., overly permissive script-src, use of unsafe-inline or unsafe-eval).
      • [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Weak CSP to Inject and Execute Malicious Scripts: Attackers leverage the misconfigured CSP to bypass its intended security restrictions and successfully inject and execute malicious scripts.
    • How it works: A poorly configured CSP can fail to prevent XSS attacks. For example, allowing unsafe-inline or overly broad script-src directives can make it easier for attackers to bypass CSP and execute injected scripts.
    • Potential Impact: CSP bypass effectively negates the security benefits of CSP, leading to full XSS vulnerability with all its potential impacts.
    • Mitigation:
      • Strict CSP Configuration: Implement a strict and properly configured CSP. Avoid unsafe-inline, unsafe-eval, and overly permissive script-src directives.
      • CSP Reporting: Enable CSP reporting to monitor for violations and identify potential misconfigurations or attack attempts.
      • Regular CSP Review: Regularly review and update CSP directives to ensure they remain effective and aligned with application needs.
      • CSP Testing: Thoroughly test CSP implementation to ensure it effectively blocks common XSS attack vectors.

  • [HIGH RISK PATH] Exposing Sensitive Information in Presentation Content

    • Critical Nodes:
      • [CRITICAL NODE] Developers Unintentionally Include Sensitive Data in Reveal.js Presentations: Developers inadvertently embed sensitive information (API keys, internal URLs, credentials, PII) directly into Reveal.js presentation files.
      • [CRITICAL NODE] Presentation is Accessible to Unauthorized Users: Presentations containing sensitive data are accessible to users who should not have access.
    • How it works: Sensitive data might be accidentally hardcoded into presentation files (Markdown, HTML, JavaScript). If these presentations are accessible to unauthorized users, the sensitive information is exposed.
    • Potential Impact: Data breaches, unauthorized access to internal systems, credential compromise, and privacy violations.
    • Mitigation:
      • Sensitive Data Review: Conduct thorough reviews of presentation content before deployment to ensure no sensitive information is inadvertently included.
      • Data Loss Prevention (DLP) Measures: Implement DLP tools or processes to automatically detect and prevent the inclusion of sensitive data in presentations.
      • Access Control: Implement robust access controls to restrict access to presentations containing sensitive information to only authorized users.
      • Secure Storage: Store presentation files securely and avoid storing sensitive data directly within them if possible. Use secure configuration management or environment variables for sensitive settings.

  • [HIGH RISK PATH] Insecure Handling of Presentation Files

    • Critical Nodes:
      • [CRITICAL NODE] Presentation Files are Stored Insecurely: Presentation files (Markdown, HTML, images, etc.) are stored in a publicly accessible location or with weak file permissions.
      • [CRITICAL NODE] Attacker Gains Access to Presentation Files and Modifies or Extracts Sensitive Information: Attackers gain unauthorized access to presentation files and can modify them (defacement, content injection) or extract sensitive information if present.
    • How it works: If presentation files are stored insecurely (e.g., on a publicly accessible web server directory without proper access controls or with weak file permissions), attackers can directly access and manipulate these files.
    • Potential Impact: Data breaches (if sensitive data is in files), website defacement, content injection, and potential for further attacks if attackers can modify application logic through presentation files.
    • Mitigation:
      • Secure File Storage: Store presentation files in a secure location with appropriate access controls. Ensure that only authorized users and processes can access and modify these files.
      • Principle of Least Privilege: Apply the principle of least privilege to file permissions, granting only necessary access to users and processes.
      • Access Control Lists (ACLs): Use ACLs to define granular access permissions for presentation files.
      • Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits of file storage configurations and permissions to identify and rectify any insecure settings.