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Attack Tree Analysis for jgraph/drawio

Objective: To execute arbitrary JavaScript code within the context of a legitimate user's browser session (XSS) leveraging vulnerabilities within the draw.io library.

Attack Tree Visualization

                                 +-------------------------------------------------+
                                 | Compromise Application via draw.io Vulnerability |
                                 +-------------------------------------------------+
                                              /
                                             /
      +-------------------------------------+
      |  1. Achieve XSS via draw.io (M/H)    |
      +-------------------------------------+
          /           |           |
         /            |           |

+-----------+-----+ +-----+-----+ +-----+-----+ | 1.1 Malicious | | 1.2 Flaws | | 1.3 Flaws | | 1.4 Flaws | | SVG Import | | in MXFile| | in Config | | in Plugin | | (M/H)[CRITICAL]| | Handling| | Handling | | Handling | |-> HIGH RISK ->| | (L/H) | | (L/H) | | (M/H) | +-----------+-----+ +-----+-----+ +-----+-----+ / \ | | | / \ | | | +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+-----+ +---+-----+ +---+-----+ |1.1a|1.1b| |1.2a| |1.3a| |1.4a|1.4b| |Craft|Inject| |Exploit| |Bypass| |Exploit|Inject| |SVG |JS in| |MXFile| |CSP via| |Plugin|JS via| |with |SVG | |parsing| |Config | |API |Custom| |XSS |events| |bugs | | (L/H) | |(L/H) |Attr. | |(M/H)|(M/H)| |(L/H) | |[CRITICAL]| |[CRITICAL]|(M/H)| |[CRIT]| | |[CRITICAL]| | | | | | +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+-----+ +---+-----+ +---+-----+ ^ ^ | | ->HIGH ->HIGH RISK RISK

Attack Tree Path: 1. Achieve XSS via draw.io (Medium Likelihood / High Impact)

This is the primary, high-risk attack vector. Successful XSS allows the attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of a user's session, leading to potential account takeover, data theft, and further exploitation.

Attack Tree Path: 1.1 Malicious SVG Import (Medium Likelihood / High Impact) [CRITICAL] -> HIGH RISK ->

Description: Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in draw.io's SVG import functionality to inject malicious JavaScript. SVG is a complex format, making complete sanitization challenging. Why it's Critical: SVG import is a common feature, and XSS vulnerabilities in SVG parsing are well-known. Why it's High Risk: The combination of medium likelihood and high impact makes this a high-risk path.

Attack Tree Path: 1.1a Craft SVG with XSS (Medium Likelihood / High Impact) [CRITICAL]

Description: The attacker creates a specially crafted SVG file containing JavaScript code within <script> tags or event handlers (e.g., onload, onclick). If draw.io doesn't properly sanitize these elements, the JavaScript will execute when the diagram is loaded. Likelihood: Medium - While draw.io likely has some sanitization, bypasses are possible. Impact: High - Complete compromise of the user's session. Effort: Low - Basic XSS payloads are readily available. Skill Level: Medium - Requires understanding of SVG and XSS. Detection Difficulty: Medium - Can be detected by monitoring network traffic or analyzing uploaded SVGs, but obfuscation can hinder detection. Mitigation: Rigorous SVG sanitization using a dedicated library (e.g., DOMPurify configured for SVG). Disable SVG import if not essential.

Attack Tree Path: 1.1b Inject JS in SVG events (Medium Likelihood / High Impact) -> HIGH RISK ->

Description: Even if <script> tags are blocked, attackers can inject JavaScript into SVG event attributes (like onload, onclick, onmouseover). Likelihood: Medium - Similar to 1.1a, bypasses are possible. Impact: High - Complete compromise of the user's session. Effort: Medium - Requires more specific knowledge of SVG event handling. Skill Level: Medium - Requires understanding of SVG event attributes and XSS. Detection Difficulty: Medium - Similar to 1.1a. Mitigation: Ensure the sanitization library explicitly handles and removes/escapes dangerous event attributes.

Attack Tree Path: 1.2a Exploit MXFile parsing bugs (Low Likelihood / High Impact) [CRITICAL]

Description: Attackers craft a malicious .drawio (MXFile) file that exploits a vulnerability in draw.io's XML parser (e.g., buffer overflow, XML injection). Likelihood: Low - The MXFile format is specific to draw.io and likely receives more security scrutiny. Impact: High - Complete compromise of the user's session. Effort: High - Requires significant effort to find and exploit a parsing vulnerability (fuzzing, reverse engineering). Skill Level: High - Requires advanced vulnerability research skills. Detection Difficulty: High - Very difficult without specific knowledge of the vulnerability. Mitigation: Keep draw.io updated. Fuzz test the MXFile parsing functionality.

Attack Tree Path: 1.3a Bypass CSP via Config (Low Likelihood / High Impact) [CRITICAL]

Description: The attacker finds a way to inject malicious JavaScript through draw.io's configuration options, bypassing the application's Content Security Policy (CSP). Likelihood: Low - Requires finding a configuration option that allows overriding the CSP. Impact: High - Weakens defenses against XSS, making other XSS attacks easier. Effort: Medium - Requires understanding draw.io's configuration and finding a suitable option. Skill Level: High - Requires deep understanding of CSP and draw.io's configuration. Detection Difficulty: Medium - Can be detected by monitoring configuration changes and network traffic. Mitigation: Review all draw.io configuration options. Ensure the application's CSP is correctly configured and enforced.

Attack Tree Path: 1.4 Flaws in Plugin Handling (Medium Likelihood/ High Impact)

Description: This attack vector leverages vulnerabilities within draw.io plugins. Why it's High Risk: Plugins extend functionality, increasing the attack surface.

Attack Tree Path: 1.4a Exploit Plugin API (Low Likelihood / High Impact) [CRITICAL]

Description: A vulnerability in the plugin API itself allows a malicious plugin to execute arbitrary code. Likelihood: Low - Requires finding a vulnerability in the core plugin API. Impact: High - Widespread exploitation potential. Effort: High - Requires significant reverse engineering and vulnerability research. Skill Level: High - Requires expert-level security knowledge. Detection Difficulty: High - Difficult without specific knowledge of the vulnerability. Mitigation: Implement plugin sandboxing. Carefully vet the draw.io plugin API code.

Attack Tree Path: 1.4b Inject JS via Plugin (Medium Likelihood / High Impact)

Description: A malicious plugin directly injects JavaScript into the application. Likelihood: Medium - More likely if untrusted plugins are used. Impact: High - Complete compromise of the user's session. Effort: Medium - Depends on the complexity of creating a malicious plugin. Skill Level: Medium - Requires knowledge of plugin development and XSS. Detection Difficulty: Medium - Can be detected by monitoring plugin behavior and network traffic. Mitigation: Implement code signing for plugins. Monitor plugin behavior. Vett plugins carefully. Disable if not essential.