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Attack Surface Analysis for rocketchat/rocket.chat

Attack Surface: OAuth Misconfiguration

  • Description: Incorrect configuration of OAuth providers (Google, GitHub, etc.) leading to unauthorized access.
    • Rocket.Chat Contribution: Rocket.Chat provides built-in support for multiple OAuth providers, increasing the configuration complexity and potential for errors within its own handling of the OAuth flow.
    • Example: An attacker uses a misconfigured redirect URI within Rocket.Chat's OAuth implementation to obtain an authorization code and exchange it for a valid access token, gaining access to a user's account.
    • Impact: Account takeover, data breach, unauthorized access to sensitive information.
    • Risk Severity: Critical
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developers:
        • Implement strict validation of redirect URIs, ensuring they match the registered application settings and are handled securely within Rocket.Chat's code.
        • Use and enforce the state parameter to prevent CSRF attacks during the OAuth flow, with robust server-side validation.
        • Regularly review and update OAuth provider configurations and the corresponding code that interacts with them.
        • Provide clear and concise documentation for administrators on secure OAuth setup.
      • Users/Administrators:
        • Carefully configure OAuth providers, ensuring correct client IDs, secrets, and redirect URIs as they pertain to the Rocket.Chat instance.
        • Use strong, unique secrets for each OAuth provider.
        • Regularly audit OAuth configurations and connected applications within the Rocket.Chat administration panel.

Attack Surface: LDAP/Active Directory Integration Issues

  • Description: Vulnerabilities or misconfigurations in Rocket.Chat's LDAP/AD integration leading to authentication bypass or privilege escalation. This focuses on Rocket.Chat's implementation, not the LDAP server itself.
    • Rocket.Chat Contribution: Rocket.Chat offers integration with LDAP/AD for user authentication and management, and its code handles the interaction with the LDAP server.
    • Example: An attacker performs an LDAP injection attack due to improper input sanitization in Rocket.Chat's LDAP query construction code, bypassing authentication or retrieving sensitive user information.
    • Impact: Authentication bypass, privilege escalation, data breach, unauthorized access.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developers:
        • Implement robust input sanitization and escaping for all LDAP queries generated by Rocket.Chat. Use parameterized queries or LDAP libraries that prevent injection.
        • Thoroughly test Rocket.Chat's LDAP integration code against various attack vectors.
        • Provide secure configuration options for LDAP within Rocket.Chat, including encryption (LDAPS) and strong authentication mechanisms.
      • Users/Administrators:
        • Configure secure connection to LDAP server using Rocket.Chat settings.

Attack Surface: API Endpoint Authorization Bypass

  • Description: Insufficient authorization checks within Rocket.Chat's API code on specific API endpoints, allowing unauthorized access to data or functionality.
    • Rocket.Chat Contribution: Rocket.Chat exposes a comprehensive REST API for various functionalities, and its code is responsible for enforcing authorization.
    • Example: An unauthenticated user discovers a Rocket.Chat API endpoint that allows retrieving user details without proper authorization checks implemented in the Rocket.Chat codebase, leading to a data leak.
    • Impact: Data leakage, unauthorized actions, privilege escalation.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developers:
        • Implement consistent and robust authorization checks within the code for every Rocket.Chat API endpoint.
        • Follow the principle of least privilege – only grant the minimum necessary permissions to each API endpoint in the Rocket.Chat code.
        • Use a centralized authorization mechanism within Rocket.Chat to avoid inconsistencies.
        • Regularly audit Rocket.Chat's API endpoint code for authorization vulnerabilities.
        • Implement comprehensive API testing, including security-focused tests, specifically targeting Rocket.Chat's API implementation.

Attack Surface: File Upload Vulnerabilities

  • Description: Improper handling of file uploads within Rocket.Chat's code, allowing attackers to upload malicious files or access unauthorized files.
    • Rocket.Chat Contribution: Rocket.Chat allows users to upload files, and its code handles the upload, validation, and storage process.
    • Example: An attacker uploads a PHP web shell disguised as a JPG image, bypassing file type validation implemented in Rocket.Chat and gaining remote code execution on the server.
    • Impact: Remote code execution, server compromise, data breach, denial of service.
    • Risk Severity: Critical
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developers:
        • Implement strict file type validation within Rocket.Chat's code, using a whitelist approach (allow only specific, safe file types). Do not rely solely on file extensions.
        • Validate file content using magic numbers or file signature analysis as part of Rocket.Chat's upload handling.
        • Store uploaded files outside the web root, preventing direct execution – a configuration managed by Rocket.Chat.
        • Use a secure random filename generator within Rocket.Chat to prevent predictable filenames.
        • Scan uploaded files with an up-to-date antivirus solution integrated with Rocket.Chat's upload process.
        • Limit file upload sizes to prevent denial-of-service attacks – a setting controlled by Rocket.Chat.

Attack Surface: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) via Webhooks/Integrations

  • Description: Attackers exploit Rocket.Chat's webhook or integration handling code to make the Rocket.Chat server send requests to arbitrary URLs.
    • Rocket.Chat Contribution: Rocket.Chat's extensive integration capabilities, including webhooks, increase the potential for SSRF, and its code is responsible for making the outbound requests.
    • Example: An attacker configures a webhook within Rocket.Chat to point to an internal service (e.g., http://localhost:27017), allowing them to interact with the MongoDB database directly because Rocket.Chat's code doesn't properly validate the URL.
    • Impact: Internal network scanning, data exfiltration, access to internal services, denial of service.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developers:
        • Implement strict validation of URLs provided for webhooks and integrations within Rocket.Chat's code. Use a whitelist of allowed domains or IP addresses if possible.
        • Avoid making requests to internal network addresses (e.g., localhost, 127.0.0.1, private IP ranges) – enforced by Rocket.Chat's code.
        • Use a dedicated network service within the Rocket.Chat application for making outbound requests, with limited privileges.
        • Implement timeouts and limit the size of responses in Rocket.Chat's request handling to prevent denial-of-service attacks.

Attack Surface: Vulnerable Third-Party Integrations/Custom Apps

  • Description: Security flaws in code of third-party integrations or custom-developed apps and bots that are running within Rocket.Chat environment.
    • Rocket.Chat Contribution: Rocket.Chat's extensibility through integrations and custom apps expands the attack surface by providing platform to run potentially vulnerable code.
    • Example: A custom-built bot running on Rocket.Chat has a command injection vulnerability, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the server.
    • Impact: Varies widely depending on the vulnerability, potentially including remote code execution, data breach, denial of service, etc.
    • Risk Severity: High (potentially Critical, depending on the integration)
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Developers:
        • Thoroughly vet and security-audit any third-party integrations before enabling them on Rocket.Chat platform.
        • Follow secure coding practices when developing custom apps and bots for Rocket.Chat.
        • Implement input validation, output encoding, and other security measures to prevent common vulnerabilities in code that is running on Rocket.Chat.
        • Use a secure development lifecycle (SDL) process.
        • Regularly update integrations and custom apps to address security vulnerabilities and ensure compatibility with Rocket.Chat.
      • Users/Administrators:
        • Only install integrations and apps from trusted sources to their Rocket.Chat instance.
        • Carefully review the permissions requested by integrations and apps within Rocket.Chat.
        • Regularly audit installed integrations and apps in their Rocket.Chat deployment.
        • Disable or remove any unused or unnecessary integrations and apps from Rocket.Chat.