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attack-surface.md

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Attack Surface Analysis for tooljet/tooljet

Attack Surface: API Endpoint Abuse (Authentication/Authorization)

  • Description: Attackers attempt to bypass ToolJet's internal authentication or authorization mechanisms to gain unauthorized access to its API.
    • How ToolJet Contributes: ToolJet's core functionality is driven by its API. The complexity of its internal RBAC system and authentication methods (JWT, sessions, API keys) creates potential points of failure within ToolJet's code.
    • Example: An attacker discovers a flaw in ToolJet's JWT validation logic, allowing them to forge a token with administrator privileges. This is a vulnerability in ToolJet, not a general JWT issue.
    • Impact: Complete system compromise, data exfiltration, data modification, denial of service.
    • Risk Severity: Critical
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Robust Authentication (Internal): Implement strong internal checks for user roles and permissions within the ToolJet codebase.
      • Strict Authorization (Internal): Enforce least privilege principles within ToolJet's API handling. Ensure RBAC is correctly implemented in code and granularly controls access.
      • Input Validation (Internal API): Validate all API inputs rigorously within ToolJet's code, even for seemingly internal calls.
      • Regular Security Audits (ToolJet Code): Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing specifically targeting ToolJet's API implementation.
      • JWT Best Practices (Internal Implementation): Follow OWASP JWT best practices within ToolJet's code, including using strong signing algorithms, validating all claims, and setting appropriate expiration times.
      • Secure Session Management (Internal): Use secure session management techniques within ToolJet, including secure cookies (HttpOnly, Secure flags) and proper session timeouts.

Attack Surface: Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Server Logic

  • Description: Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in ToolJet's own server-side code to execute arbitrary commands.
    • How ToolJet Contributes: ToolJet's server handles user-provided configurations, data transformations, and interactions with data sources. Vulnerabilities in ToolJet's code in these areas, or in its direct dependencies, can lead to RCE.
    • Example: A vulnerability in a data transformation function written as part of ToolJet allows an attacker to inject malicious code that is executed by the server. Or, a vulnerable dependency directly used by ToolJet's core code is exploited.
    • Impact: Complete system compromise, data exfiltration, data modification, deployment of malware.
    • Risk Severity: Critical
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Input Sanitization and Validation (ToolJet Code): Rigorously sanitize and validate all user-supplied input within ToolJet's code, especially in areas that involve code execution or data transformations.
      • Dependency Management (ToolJet Core): Regularly update all of ToolJet's dependencies to their latest secure versions. Use a software composition analysis (SCA) tool to identify and track vulnerable dependencies in ToolJet's codebase.
      • Secure Coding Practices (ToolJet Development): Follow secure coding guidelines (e.g., OWASP) when developing ToolJet.
      • Code Reviews (ToolJet Code): Conduct thorough code reviews of ToolJet's codebase, focusing on security-sensitive areas.
      • Least Privilege (ToolJet Server): Run the ToolJet server process with the least necessary privileges.

Attack Surface: Data Source Connection Exploitation (ToolJet's Handling)

  • Description: Attackers leverage vulnerabilities in how ToolJet handles connections to external data sources.
    • How ToolJet Contributes: This focuses on ToolJet's code related to connecting to data sources. Insecure handling of credentials within ToolJet, lack of input validation in connection strings as processed by ToolJet, or insufficient error handling in ToolJet's connection logic are the key concerns.
    • Example: A SQL injection vulnerability in ToolJet's query building logic allows data extraction, not a general SQL injection in a user-defined query. Or, ToolJet insecurely stores credentials internally.
    • Impact: Data exfiltration, data modification, denial of service against connected data sources.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Secure Credential Storage (Internal): Use a secure method within ToolJet's code to store and manage data source credentials. Never hardcode credentials in ToolJet.
      • Input Validation (Connection Logic): Validate all user-supplied input used in constructing connection strings or queries within ToolJet's connection handling code to prevent injection attacks.
      • Least Privilege (ToolJet's Database Access): Ensure ToolJet's own database user has only the minimum necessary permissions.
      • Connection Pooling (Secure Implementation): Use connection pooling within ToolJet to manage database connections efficiently and securely.
      • Monitoring and Alerting (ToolJet's Connections): Monitor ToolJet's data source connections for suspicious activity and set up alerts.

Attack Surface: Plugin/Integration Vulnerabilities (ToolJet's Plugin System)

  • Description: Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in ToolJet's plugin loading and execution mechanisms.
    • How ToolJet Contributes: This focuses on the security of ToolJet's plugin system itself, not the plugins themselves. How ToolJet loads, validates, and isolates plugins is critical.
    • Example: A vulnerability in ToolJet's plugin loading mechanism allows an attacker to load a malicious plugin that bypasses security checks, leading to RCE because of a flaw in ToolJet.
    • Impact: Varies, but could lead to complete system compromise due to flaws in ToolJet's plugin handling.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Plugin Vetting (ToolJet's Responsibility): Implement a robust plugin verification process within ToolJet to ensure plugins are from trusted sources and have not been tampered with.
      • Plugin Isolation (ToolJet's Implementation): Run plugins in isolated environments (e.g., separate processes or containers) as managed by ToolJet to limit the impact of a compromised plugin.
      • Security Audits (ToolJet's Plugin System): Conduct thorough security audits and code reviews of ToolJet's plugin loading and execution code.
      • Dependency Management (ToolJet's Plugin System): Manage dependencies of ToolJet's plugin system carefully and keep them updated.

Attack Surface: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) (ToolJet's Internal Requests)

  • Description: Attackers craft requests through ToolJet's internal logic to access internal systems or sensitive data.
    • How ToolJet Contributes: This focuses on ToolJet's own internal network requests. If ToolJet makes requests based on user input without proper validation within its own code, it's vulnerable.
    • Example: An attacker provides a URL to an internal service (e.g., http://localhost:8080/admin) as input to a ToolJet feature, and ToolJet's code attempts to connect to it without proper checks.
    • Impact: Access to internal systems, data exfiltration, potential for further attacks.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Strict Input Validation (Internal Requests): Validate all URLs and hostnames within ToolJet's code that are used for internal requests, ensuring they are allowed and expected. Use a whitelist approach.
      • Network Restrictions (ToolJet's Access): Use network policies to restrict ToolJet's ability to connect to internal services or sensitive resources.
      • Disable Unnecessary Protocols (Internal): Restrict the protocols ToolJet's code can use (e.g., disable file:// access).
      • DNS Resolution Control (ToolJet's Context): If possible, control DNS resolution within ToolJet's environment to prevent it from resolving internal hostnames.

Attack Surface: Custom Code Execution (Sandbox Escape - ToolJet's Sandbox)

  • Description: Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in ToolJet's custom code execution environment (its JavaScript sandbox) to escape and gain access to the underlying system.
    • How ToolJet Contributes: This is entirely about the security of ToolJet's sandbox implementation.
    • Example: An attacker discovers a vulnerability in the JavaScript engine used by ToolJet for its sandbox that allows them to break out and execute arbitrary code on the server.
    • Impact: Complete system compromise, data exfiltration, data modification.
    • Risk Severity: Critical
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Secure Sandbox Implementation (ToolJet's Choice): Use a well-vetted and secure JavaScript sandbox implementation chosen and maintained by ToolJet. Regularly update the sandbox to address vulnerabilities.
      • Input Validation (Code Input to ToolJet): Validate and sanitize user-provided code before it enters ToolJet's sandbox to prevent malicious code injection.
      • Resource Limits (ToolJet's Enforcement): Enforce resource limits (CPU, memory, network) on custom code execution within ToolJet's sandbox.
      • Code Reviews (ToolJet's Sandbox Code): Conduct thorough code reviews of ToolJet's sandbox implementation.
      • Disable Unnecessary Features (Within ToolJet's Sandbox): Disable any unnecessary features or APIs within ToolJet's sandbox environment.