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Mitigation Strategies Analysis for tryghost/ghost

Mitigation Strategy: Rapid Patching Cycle (Ghost Core)

  • Mitigation Strategy: Implement a rapid and (partially) automated patching process for Ghost core updates.

  • Description:

    1. Subscribe to Notifications: Subscribe to the official Ghost blog, security announcements, and any relevant mailing lists.
    2. Automated Monitoring (Partial): Use a script or service to detect new releases (can be integrated with Ghost-CLI).
    3. Staging Environment: Set up a staging environment that mirrors the production environment.
    4. Automated Testing (Partial): Upon detecting a new release, manually deploy it to the staging environment. Run automated tests (unit/integration) that can be triggered via Ghost-CLI or custom scripts.
    5. Manual Deployment (with Ghost-CLI): Use the ghost update command (Ghost-CLI) for controlled deployments to production after successful staging tests.
    6. Rollback Plan: Utilize Ghost-CLI's rollback capabilities (ghost update --rollback) or restore from backups.
    7. Post-Update Monitoring: Monitor the Ghost admin panel and logs for any issues after the update.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Known CVEs in Ghost Core: (Severity: Critical to High)
    • Zero-Day Vulnerabilities (Partial Mitigation): (Severity: Critical)
    • Supply Chain Attacks (Partial Mitigation): (Severity: Critical)

  • Impact:

    • Known CVEs: Risk reduction: Very High
    • Zero-Day Vulnerabilities: Risk reduction: Moderate
    • Supply Chain Attacks: Risk reduction: High

  • Currently Implemented:

    • Subscription to notifications: Implemented.
    • Automated Monitoring: Partially Implemented (manual checks).
    • Staging Environment: Implemented.
    • Automated Testing: Partially Implemented (basic unit tests).
    • Manual Deployment (with Ghost-CLI): Implemented.
    • Rollback Plan: Implemented (backups and Ghost-CLI rollback).
    • Post-Update Monitoring: Implemented.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Fuller automation of monitoring and testing (integrating with Ghost-CLI).

Mitigation Strategy: Theme and Plugin Vetting and Management

  • Mitigation Strategy: Implement a rigorous process for vetting, installing, updating, and removing third-party themes and plugins within the Ghost admin panel.

  • Description:

    1. Source Selection: Primarily use the official Ghost marketplace or well-known developers.
    2. Reputation Check: Research the developer and the plugin/theme before installing via the admin panel.
    3. Update History: Check the plugin/theme's update history within the Ghost admin panel (if available) or on the source repository.
    4. Minimal Installation: Only install essential plugins and themes through the Ghost admin panel.
    5. Manual Updates (via Admin Panel): Regularly check for and apply updates through the Ghost admin panel's update mechanism.
    6. Regular Audits: Periodically review installed plugins and themes within the Ghost admin panel. Remove any that are no longer needed.
    7. Complete Removal (via Admin Panel): Use the Ghost admin panel's interface to completely uninstall plugins and themes, not just disable them.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Vulnerabilities in Third-Party Themes/Plugins: (Severity: High to Medium)
    • Malicious Plugins/Themes: (Severity: Critical)
    • Supply Chain Attacks (Plugins/Themes): (Severity: Critical)

  • Impact:

    • Vulnerabilities in Third-Party Themes/Plugins: Risk reduction: High
    • Malicious Plugins/Themes: Risk reduction: High
    • Supply Chain Attacks (Plugins/Themes): Risk reduction: Moderate

  • Currently Implemented:

    • Source Selection: Partially Implemented.
    • Reputation Check: Partially Implemented.
    • Update History: Partially Implemented.
    • Minimal Installation: Implemented.
    • Manual Updates (via Admin Panel): Implemented.
    • Regular Audits: Not Implemented.
    • Complete Removal (via Admin Panel): Implemented.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Formalized vetting process.
    • Regular security audits of installed plugins and themes.

Mitigation Strategy: Secure API Key Management (Within Ghost)

  • Mitigation Strategy: Implement secure practices for managing API keys generated and used within Ghost.

  • Description:

    1. Least Privilege (Admin Panel): When creating Content API keys or integrating with services within the Ghost admin panel, grant only the minimum necessary permissions.
    2. Regular Rotation (Manual): Manually rotate API keys generated within the Ghost admin panel on a regular schedule. Delete old keys after creating new ones.
    3. Careful Integration Management: When using Ghost's integrations feature, be mindful of the permissions granted to third-party services. Review these integrations periodically.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Unauthorized API Access (Content API): (Severity: High)
    • API Key Leakage (Content API): (Severity: High)
    • Compromised Integrations: (Severity: High)

  • Impact:

    • Unauthorized API Access: Risk reduction: High
    • API Key Leakage: Risk reduction: Moderate (relies on careful handling)
    • Compromised Integrations: Risk Reduction: Moderate

  • Currently Implemented:

    • Least Privilege (Admin Panel): Partially Implemented.
    • Regular Rotation (Manual): Not Implemented.
    • Careful Integration Management: Partially Implemented.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Consistent application of least privilege.
    • Regular API key rotation.
    • Formal review process for integrations.

Mitigation Strategy: Ghost Configuration Hardening (Within config.production.json)

  • Mitigation Strategy: Review and harden settings within Ghost's config.production.json file.

  • Description:

    1. config.production.json Review: Carefully review all settings, focusing on:
      • mail: Use secure mail settings (reputable provider, SPF, DKIM, DMARC - configured externally, but settings referenced here).
      • privacy: Configure privacy settings to minimize data exposure.
      • database: Use strong database credentials (managed externally, but referenced here).
      • url: Set the correct canonical URL.
      • paths: Ensure correct and secure file paths.
    2. Disable Unused Features (Admin Panel): Disable unused features (members, subscriptions, comments) through the Ghost admin panel.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Misconfiguration Vulnerabilities: (Severity: High to Medium)
    • Information Disclosure: (Severity: Medium)
    • Email Spoofing/Phishing (Indirectly): (Severity: High)

  • Impact:

    • Misconfiguration Vulnerabilities: Risk reduction: High
    • Information Disclosure: Risk reduction: Medium
    • Email Spoofing/Phishing: Risk reduction: High (when combined with external mail configuration)

  • Currently Implemented:

    • config.production.json Review: Partially Implemented.
    • Disable Unused Features (Admin Panel): Implemented.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Regular, documented reviews of config.production.json.

Mitigation Strategy: Content Management and Moderation (Within Ghost)

  • Mitigation Strategy: Implement strict content management and moderation practices within the Ghost editor and, if enabled, the commenting system.

  • Description:

    1. Input Sanitization (Trust, but Verify): While Ghost handles input sanitization, perform periodic tests to confirm its effectiveness against XSS and other injection attacks. Try to input malicious scripts into posts and comments (if enabled).
    2. Comment Moderation (If Enabled): If comments are enabled, use the built-in moderation features (or a third-party integration managed through Ghost) to review and approve comments before they are published.
    3. User Roles and Permissions (Admin Panel): Carefully manage user roles and permissions within the Ghost admin panel. Grant only the necessary access to each user. Use the "Contributor," "Author," "Editor," and "Administrator" roles appropriately.
    4. Regular Content Audits: Periodically review published content for any signs of malicious code or unexpected behavior.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via Content: (Severity: High)
    • Malicious Content Injection: (Severity: High)
    • Unauthorized Content Modification: (Severity: High)

  • Impact:

    • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via Content: Risk reduction: High (with verification of Ghost's sanitization).
    • Malicious Content Injection: Risk reduction: High (with moderation and audits).
    • Unauthorized Content Modification: Risk reduction: High (with proper user roles).

  • Currently Implemented:

    • Input Sanitization (Trust, but Verify): Partially Implemented (relies on Ghost, no regular testing).
    • Comment Moderation (If Enabled): Not Applicable (comments are disabled).
    • User Roles and Permissions (Admin Panel): Implemented.
    • Regular Content Audits: Not Implemented.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Regular testing of Ghost's input sanitization.
    • Regular content audits.