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attack-surface.md

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Attack Surface Analysis for jetbrains/compose-multiplatform

Attack Surface: Platform-Specific Renderer Vulnerabilities

  • Description: Vulnerabilities in the underlying platform rendering engines (Skia, Android Views, UIKit) used by Compose Multiplatform to display UI.
  • Compose Multiplatform Contribution: Compose Multiplatform directly relies on these renderers, inheriting their vulnerabilities and potentially exposing applications to exploits through crafted UI content.
  • Example: A maliciously crafted SVG image, when rendered by Skia in a Compose Desktop application, triggers a buffer overflow leading to arbitrary code execution.
  • Impact: Arbitrary code execution, denial of service, application crash, information disclosure.
  • Risk Severity: Critical
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Regularly update platform SDKs: Keep the underlying platform SDKs (Skia, Android SDK, iOS SDK) updated to patch known renderer vulnerabilities.
    • Input validation and sanitization: Sanitize and validate external resources (images, fonts, etc.) before rendering them in Compose UI to prevent injection of malicious content.
    • Sandboxing: Utilize platform-specific sandboxing to limit the impact of renderer exploits.

Attack Surface: Interoperability Layer Weaknesses

  • Description: Security vulnerabilities within Kotlin/Native, Kotlin/JS, and Kotlin/JVM interoperability layers, which bridge Kotlin code to platform-specific environments in Compose Multiplatform.
  • Compose Multiplatform Contribution: Compose Multiplatform's architecture heavily relies on these interoperability layers for platform access, making it vulnerable to flaws in these bridges.
  • Example: A memory corruption vulnerability in Kotlin/Native's interaction with native libraries is exploited through a Compose iOS application's native interop, allowing an attacker to gain control of the application process.
  • Impact: Arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, denial of service, information disclosure, privilege escalation.
  • Risk Severity: Critical
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Keep Kotlin tooling updated: Regularly update Kotlin and related tooling (Kotlin/Native, Kotlin/JS, Kotlin/JVM) to benefit from security patches in interoperability layers.
    • Secure native interop practices: When using native interop, implement secure coding practices to prevent memory leaks, buffer overflows, and validate data passed between Kotlin and native code.
    • Minimize native interop: Limit native interop usage to essential functionalities and explore safer alternatives where possible.

Attack Surface: Compose Compiler and Runtime Bugs

  • Description: Vulnerabilities stemming from bugs or flaws within the Compose compiler and runtime environment itself.
  • Compose Multiplatform Contribution: As the core framework, any vulnerability in the Compose compiler or runtime directly impacts all applications built with Compose Multiplatform.
  • Example: A bug in the Compose compiler's optimization process introduces a vulnerability that allows crafting specific UI layouts causing a denial-of-service condition in the application runtime.
  • Impact: Denial of service, unexpected application behavior, potential information disclosure, in rare cases, code execution.
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Use stable Compose versions: Utilize stable releases of Compose Multiplatform and avoid alpha/beta versions in production unless necessary and with thorough testing.
    • Monitor Compose issue trackers: Stay informed about reported issues and security advisories related to Compose Multiplatform and apply updates promptly.
    • Thorough testing: Conduct comprehensive testing, including UI and security testing, to identify potential runtime issues or unexpected behavior.

Attack Surface: Dependency Vulnerabilities (Compose Specific Libraries)

  • Description: Vulnerabilities present in external libraries and dependencies specifically used by Compose Multiplatform framework itself (e.g., Compose UI libraries).
  • Compose Multiplatform Contribution: Compose Multiplatform relies on a set of specific libraries, and vulnerabilities in these directly impact the security of applications.
  • Example: A vulnerability in a specific version of a Compose UI library used for handling text input allows for injection of malicious code when processing user input in a Compose application.
  • Impact: Information disclosure, arbitrary code execution, denial of service, depending on the vulnerability.
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Dependency scanning and management: Regularly scan Compose Multiplatform dependencies for known vulnerabilities using dependency scanning tools.
    • Keep Compose dependencies updated: Update Compose Multiplatform dependencies to the latest versions to patch known vulnerabilities.
    • Principle of least privilege for dependencies: Evaluate and minimize the number of Compose-specific dependencies used.

Attack Surface: JavaScript Interop Security (Compose Web Target)

  • Description: Security risks associated with JavaScript interoperability when targeting the web platform with Compose Multiplatform, specifically related to how Compose Web interacts with the JavaScript environment.
  • Compose Multiplatform Contribution: Compose Web relies on Kotlin/JS and JavaScript interop, inheriting web application attack surfaces and introducing potential vulnerabilities in the bridge between Compose and JavaScript.
  • Example: User input in a Compose Web application is not properly sanitized before being passed to a JavaScript function for processing, leading to a JavaScript injection vulnerability and potential XSS.
  • Impact: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), session hijacking, website defacement, redirection to malicious sites, information theft.
  • Risk Severity: Critical
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Input sanitization and output encoding: Sanitize all user inputs and encode outputs properly, especially when interacting with JavaScript, to prevent injection vulnerabilities.
    • Content Security Policy (CSP): Implement a strong Content Security Policy to mitigate XSS and other web-based attacks in Compose Web applications.
    • Secure JavaScript interop practices: Carefully review and secure any JavaScript code used in interop with Compose Web, ensuring proper validation and sanitization of data exchanged.

Attack Surface: Native Interop Security (Compose Native Targets)

  • Description: Security risks introduced by interoperating with native APIs and libraries on desktop, Android, and iOS platforms from Compose Multiplatform applications, specifically through Compose's native interop mechanisms.
  • Compose Multiplatform Contribution: Compose Multiplatform allows access to native platform functionalities, and insecure native interop within Compose applications can introduce vulnerabilities.
  • Example: A Compose Android application uses native interop to call a native library with a known buffer overflow. This vulnerability is exploited through the Compose application's interop, leading to code execution on the Android device.
  • Impact: Arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, denial of service, privilege escalation.
  • Risk Severity: Critical
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Secure native library selection: Use reputable and well-maintained native libraries. Conduct security audits of native libraries if possible.
    • Secure interop coding practices: Follow secure coding practices when writing native interop code within Compose applications, focusing on memory management, data validation, and error handling.
    • Principle of least privilege for native access: Limit the scope of native API access within Compose applications to only what is strictly necessary.