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Project Design Document: Compose Multiplatform

BUSINESS POSTURE

Compose Multiplatform is a declarative framework for sharing UIs across multiple platforms (Android, Desktop, Web, and iOS) using Kotlin. The business priorities appear to be:

  • Reduce development time and cost by enabling code reuse for UI components across different platforms.
  • Improve developer productivity by providing a modern, declarative UI framework.
  • Maintain a consistent user experience across all supported platforms.
  • Expand the reach of Kotlin-based applications to a wider range of devices.
  • Foster a strong community around the framework.
  • Provide a competitive advantage against other cross-platform UI frameworks.

Business risks that need to be addressed:

  • Inconsistent UI rendering or behavior across different platforms, leading to a fragmented user experience.
  • Performance issues, especially on resource-constrained devices.
  • Security vulnerabilities that could expose user data or compromise application integrity.
  • Lack of adoption by the developer community.
  • Difficulty in keeping up with the rapid evolution of the underlying platforms.
  • Competition from other established cross-platform frameworks.

SECURITY POSTURE

Existing security controls (based on the provided repository and general knowledge of Kotlin and Jetpack Compose):

  • security control: Kotlin language features: Kotlin is a statically-typed language with null safety, which helps prevent common programming errors that can lead to security vulnerabilities. Described in Kotlin documentation.
  • security control: Jetpack Compose framework: Compose encourages a declarative programming model, which can reduce the risk of certain types of UI-related vulnerabilities. Described in Compose documentation.
  • security control: Dependency management: The project likely uses Gradle for dependency management, which allows for tracking and updating dependencies to address known vulnerabilities. Described in build.gradle.kts files.
  • security control: Code reviews: JetBrains, as a reputable software company, likely has a code review process in place to identify and address potential security issues. Described in contribution guidelines.
  • security control: Testing: The project includes unit and UI tests, which can help identify and prevent regressions, including security-related ones. Described in test files.
  • accepted risk: The framework is still under active development, and there might be unknown security vulnerabilities.
  • accepted risk: The framework relies on the security of the underlying platforms (Android, JVM, Web, iOS).
  • accepted risk: The framework's cross-platform nature introduces a larger attack surface compared to single-platform applications.

Recommended security controls:

  • security control: Implement a comprehensive security testing strategy, including static analysis (SAST), dynamic analysis (DAST), and penetration testing.
  • security control: Establish a vulnerability disclosure program to encourage responsible reporting of security issues.
  • security control: Provide clear security guidelines and best practices for developers using the framework.
  • security control: Regularly audit dependencies for known vulnerabilities and update them promptly.
  • security control: Implement runtime application self-protection (RASP) mechanisms, where feasible.

Security Requirements:

  • Authentication: Not directly applicable to the UI framework itself, but applications built with Compose Multiplatform should implement secure authentication mechanisms appropriate for their use case.
  • Authorization: Similarly, authorization should be handled by the application logic, not the UI framework. Compose Multiplatform should provide mechanisms to integrate with authorization systems.
  • Input Validation: Compose Multiplatform should provide built-in mechanisms for validating user input to prevent common vulnerabilities like cross-site scripting (XSS) and injection attacks. Text fields and other input components should have appropriate sanitization and validation by default.
  • Cryptography: Compose Multiplatform should not handle cryptography directly. It should rely on platform-specific cryptographic APIs and libraries. Applications built with Compose Multiplatform should use appropriate cryptographic techniques to protect sensitive data.

DESIGN

C4 CONTEXT

graph LR
    User["User"]
    ComposeApp["Compose Multiplatform Application"]
    BackendAPI["Backend API"]
    AndroidOS["Android OS"]
    DesktopOS["Desktop OS (Windows, macOS, Linux)"]
    WebBrowser["Web Browser"]
    IOS["iOS"]

    User -- Uses --> ComposeApp
    ComposeApp -- Uses --> BackendAPI
    ComposeApp -- Runs on --> AndroidOS
    ComposeApp -- Runs on --> DesktopOS
    ComposeApp -- Runs on --> WebBrowser
    ComposeApp -- Runs on --> IOS
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Element Descriptions:

  • Element:

    • Name: User
    • Type: Person
    • Description: A person interacting with the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Responsibilities: Interacts with the application's UI.
    • Security controls: N/A - External entity.

  • Element:

    • Name: Compose Multiplatform Application
    • Type: Software System
    • Description: An application built using Compose Multiplatform.
    • Responsibilities: Provides UI and application logic, interacts with backend services.
    • Security controls: Input validation, secure communication with backend (HTTPS), adherence to platform-specific security best practices.

  • Element:

    • Name: Backend API
    • Type: Software System
    • Description: A backend service that the Compose Multiplatform Application interacts with.
    • Responsibilities: Provides data and business logic to the application.
    • Security controls: Authentication, authorization, input validation, secure data storage, secure communication (HTTPS).

  • Element:

    • Name: Android OS
    • Type: Platform
    • Description: The Android operating system.
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for the Android version of the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Security controls: Android platform security features (sandboxing, permissions, etc.).

  • Element:

    • Name: Desktop OS (Windows, macOS, Linux)
    • Type: Platform
    • Description: Desktop operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux).
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for the desktop version of the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Security controls: OS-level security features (sandboxing, user permissions, etc.).

  • Element:

    • Name: Web Browser
    • Type: Platform
    • Description: A web browser (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Safari).
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for the web version of the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Security controls: Browser security features (sandboxing, same-origin policy, etc.).

  • Element:

    • Name: IOS
    • Type: Platform
    • Description: The iOS operating system.
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for the iOS version of the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Security controls: iOS platform security features.

C4 CONTAINER

graph LR
    User["User"]
    ComposeUI["Compose UI\n(Kotlin)"]
    PlatformSpecific["Platform-Specific\nRendering Layer\n(Kotlin/Native, Kotlin/JS, Kotlin/JVM)"]
    BackendAPI["Backend API"]
    AndroidOS["Android OS"]
    DesktopOS["Desktop OS"]
    WebBrowser["Web Browser"]
    IOS["iOS"]

    User -- Uses --> ComposeUI
    ComposeUI -- Uses --> PlatformSpecific
    PlatformSpecific -- Interacts with --> AndroidOS
    PlatformSpecific -- Interacts with --> DesktopOS
    PlatformSpecific -- Interacts with --> WebBrowser
    PlatformSpecific -- Interacts with --> IOS
    ComposeUI -- Uses --> BackendAPI
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Element Descriptions:

  • Element:

    • Name: User
    • Type: Person
    • Description: A person interacting with the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Responsibilities: Interacts with the application's UI.
    • Security controls: N/A - External entity.

  • Element:

    • Name: Compose UI (Kotlin)
    • Type: Container (Code)
    • Description: The shared UI code written in Kotlin using the Compose declarative UI framework.
    • Responsibilities: Defines the UI structure and behavior, handles user input, interacts with the platform-specific rendering layer.
    • Security controls: Input validation, secure handling of user data.

  • Element:

    • Name: Platform-Specific Rendering Layer (Kotlin/Native, Kotlin/JS, Kotlin/JVM)
    • Type: Container (Code)
    • Description: The layer that adapts the Compose UI to the specific target platform (Android, Desktop, Web, iOS).
    • Responsibilities: Translates Compose UI elements into native UI elements, handles platform-specific events.
    • Security controls: Adherence to platform-specific security best practices.

  • Element:

    • Name: Backend API
    • Type: Software System
    • Description: A backend service that the Compose Multiplatform Application interacts with.
    • Responsibilities: Provides data and business logic to the application.
    • Security controls: Authentication, authorization, input validation, secure data storage, secure communication (HTTPS).

  • Element:

    • Name: Android OS
    • Type: Platform
    • Description: The Android operating system.
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for the Android version of the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Security controls: Android platform security features (sandboxing, permissions, etc.).

  • Element:

    • Name: Desktop OS
    • Type: Platform
    • Description: Desktop operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux).
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for the desktop version of the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Security controls: OS-level security features (sandboxing, user permissions, etc.).

  • Element:

    • Name: Web Browser
    • Type: Platform
    • Description: A web browser (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Safari).
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for the web version of the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Security controls: Browser security features (sandboxing, same-origin policy, etc.).

  • Element:

    • Name: IOS
    • Type: Platform
    • Description: The iOS operating system.
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for the iOS version of the Compose Multiplatform Application.
    • Security controls: iOS platform security features.

DEPLOYMENT

Possible deployment solutions:

  1. Android: Standard Android application deployment (APK/AAB) via Google Play Store or sideloading.
  2. Desktop:
    • JVM-based application packaged as an executable JAR or using platform-specific packaging tools (e.g., jpackage for Windows, dmg for macOS, deb/rpm for Linux).
    • Native executables using Kotlin/Native and GraalVM.
  3. Web: JavaScript application deployed to a web server (e.g., Apache, Nginx, Netlify, Vercel).
  4. iOS: Standard iOS application deployment (IPA) via the Apple App Store or TestFlight.

Chosen deployment solution (example: Desktop - JVM-based application):

graph LR
    DevMachine["Developer Machine"]
    BuildServer["Build Server\n(e.g., GitHub Actions, Jenkins)"]
    ArtifactRepo["Artifact Repository\n(e.g., Maven Central, Artifactory)"]
    DeploymentServer["Deployment Server/CDN"]
    UserMachine["User Machine\n(Desktop)"]

    DevMachine -- Code --> BuildServer
    BuildServer -- Build & Package --> ArtifactRepo
    DeploymentServer -- Download --> ArtifactRepo
    UserMachine -- Download --> DeploymentServer
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Element Descriptions:

  • Element:

    • Name: Developer Machine
    • Type: Machine
    • Description: The developer's workstation.
    • Responsibilities: Code development, testing, and committing changes.
    • Security controls: Secure coding practices, code reviews, local security tools.

  • Element:

    • Name: Build Server (e.g., GitHub Actions, Jenkins)
    • Type: Machine
    • Description: A server that automates the build process.
    • Responsibilities: Compiling code, running tests, packaging the application.
    • Security controls: Secure build environment, dependency scanning, SAST.

  • Element:

    • Name: Artifact Repository (e.g., Maven Central, Artifactory)
    • Type: Machine
    • Description: A repository for storing build artifacts.
    • Responsibilities: Storing and managing application packages.
    • Security controls: Access control, integrity checks.

  • Element:

    • Name: Deployment Server/CDN
    • Type: Machine
    • Description: Server that hosts application for download.
    • Responsibilities: Serving the application to users.
    • Security controls: HTTPS, access control, regular security updates.

  • Element:

    • Name: User Machine (Desktop)
    • Type: Machine
    • Description: The user's desktop computer.
    • Responsibilities: Running the downloaded application.
    • Security controls: OS-level security features, antivirus software.

BUILD

The build process for Compose Multiplatform projects typically involves Gradle and Kotlin Multiplatform tooling.

graph LR
    Developer["Developer"]
    LocalBuild["Local Build\n(Gradle)"]
    CI["CI Server\n(e.g., GitHub Actions)"]
    CodeRepo["Code Repository\n(e.g., GitHub)"]
    ArtifactRepo["Artifact Repository"]
    SAST["SAST Tools"]
    DependencyCheck["Dependency Check Tools"]
    Linters["Linters"]

    Developer -- Commits code --> CodeRepo
    CodeRepo -- Triggers --> CI
    Developer -- Runs --> LocalBuild
    LocalBuild -- Produces --> LocalArtifacts["Local Artifacts"]
    CI -- Fetches code --> CodeRepo
    CI -- Runs --> Linters
    CI -- Runs --> SAST
    CI -- Runs --> DependencyCheck
    CI -- Runs build --> Build["Build\n(Gradle)"]
    Build -- Produces --> Artifacts["Artifacts\n(e.g., JAR, APK, JS)"]
    Artifacts -- Published to --> ArtifactRepo
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Security Controls in Build Process:

  • security control: Code Repository (e.g., GitHub): Provides version control and access control to the source code.
  • security control: CI Server (e.g., GitHub Actions): Automates the build process and enforces security checks.
  • security control: Linters: Enforce code style and identify potential code quality issues.
  • security control: SAST Tools: Static Application Security Testing tools analyze the source code for potential security vulnerabilities.
  • security control: Dependency Check Tools: Scan project dependencies for known vulnerabilities.
  • security control: Build (Gradle): The build system manages dependencies and compiles the code.
  • security control: Artifact Repository: Securely stores build artifacts.

RISK ASSESSMENT

  • Critical business process we are trying to protect: The ability to efficiently develop and deploy cross-platform applications with a consistent user experience.
  • Data we are trying to protect and their sensitivity:
    • Source code: Confidential, as it represents the intellectual property of the project.
    • Application data: Sensitivity depends on the specific application built using Compose Multiplatform. Applications should handle sensitive data (e.g., user credentials, personal information) with appropriate security measures.
    • Build artifacts: Moderately sensitive, as they could be reverse-engineered to reveal information about the application's code.

QUESTIONS & ASSUMPTIONS

  • Questions:

    • What specific security testing tools and processes are currently used in the Compose Multiplatform project?
    • What are the plans for addressing potential security vulnerabilities in the framework?
    • What level of support is provided for integrating with platform-specific security features?
    • Are there any specific security certifications or compliance requirements that the framework aims to meet?
    • How are Compose updates handled across different platforms to ensure security patches are applied promptly?

  • Assumptions:

    • BUSINESS POSTURE: The project prioritizes developer productivity and cross-platform compatibility.
    • SECURITY POSTURE: The project follows basic secure development practices, but there is room for improvement in terms of security testing and documentation.
    • DESIGN: The design is modular and allows for platform-specific customization, which can be leveraged for security enhancements. The project relies on the underlying platform security.