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BUSINESS POSTURE

The ktlint project is a static code analysis tool for Kotlin. It is primarily focused on ensuring code style consistency and identifying potential code quality issues in Kotlin projects.

  • Business Priorities:

    • Maintainability of Kotlin codebases.
    • Code style consistency across projects and teams.
    • Improved code quality and reduced technical debt.
    • Developer productivity by automating code style checks and formatting.

  • Business Risks:

    • Inconsistent code style leading to reduced readability and increased maintenance costs.
    • Code quality issues potentially leading to bugs and security vulnerabilities in Kotlin applications.
    • Increased development time due to manual code style checks and formatting.
    • Difficulty onboarding new developers to projects with inconsistent code styles.

SECURITY POSTURE

  • Existing Security Controls:

    • security control: GitHub repository access control (implemented by GitHub).
    • security control: Open source project with community review (implemented by GitHub and community).
    • accepted risk: Reliance on community contributions for security vulnerability identification and patching.
    • accepted risk: Potential vulnerabilities in dependencies used by ktlint.

  • Recommended Security Controls:

    • security control: Dependency scanning to identify vulnerabilities in ktlint's dependencies.
    • security control: Static Application Security Testing (SAST) to scan ktlint's codebase for potential vulnerabilities.
    • security control: Code review process for all contributions to ktlint, focusing on security aspects.
    • security control: Security awareness training for ktlint maintainers and contributors.

  • Security Requirements:

    • Authentication:
      • Requirement: Authentication is required for contributors to the ktlint project to ensure accountability and control over code changes (implemented by GitHub).
    • Authorization:
      • Requirement: Authorization is required to control access to the ktlint repository and its resources, ensuring only authorized individuals can modify the codebase or release artifacts (implemented by GitHub).
    • Input Validation:
      • Requirement: ktlint needs to validate input Kotlin code to prevent crashes or unexpected behavior when processing malformed or malicious code. This is especially important for custom rule definitions and configurations.
    • Cryptography:
      • Requirement: Cryptography is not a primary requirement for ktlint's core functionality. However, if ktlint were to implement features like secure configuration storage or communication, cryptographic measures would be necessary. For now, it's not a direct requirement.

DESIGN

C4 CONTEXT

flowchart LR
    subgraph "Organization Context"
    A["Kotlin Developer"]
    end
    B["ktlint"]
    C["Kotlin Project Codebase"]
    D["Package Repository (Maven Central, etc.)"]

    A -- "Uses" --> B
    B -- "Analyzes" --> C
    B -- "Downloads Dependencies" --> D
    style B fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Context Diagram Elements:
    • Element:
      • Name: Kotlin Developer
      • Type: Person
      • Description: Software developers who write Kotlin code and use ktlint to ensure code quality and style consistency.
      • Responsibilities: Writes Kotlin code, uses ktlint to check and format code, configures ktlint rules.
      • Security controls: User authentication to developer workstations, code review processes.
    • Element:
      • Name: ktlint
      • Type: Software System
      • Description: A static code analysis tool for Kotlin that checks for code style issues and can automatically format code.
      • Responsibilities: Analyzes Kotlin code for style violations, formats Kotlin code, provides reports on code style issues, extensible rule set.
      • Security controls: Input validation of Kotlin code, dependency scanning, SAST during development.
    • Element:
      • Name: Kotlin Project Codebase
      • Type: Software System
      • Description: The Kotlin codebase being analyzed by ktlint. This could be a local file system or a version control repository.
      • Responsibilities: Contains the Kotlin source code to be analyzed, stores ktlint configuration files (e.g., .editorconfig, .ktlint).
      • Security controls: Access control to the codebase repository, code review processes, secure coding practices.
    • Element:
      • Name: Package Repository (Maven Central, etc.)
      • Type: External System
      • Description: Public or private repositories where ktlint and its dependencies are hosted and downloaded from.
      • Responsibilities: Hosts ktlint artifacts and its dependencies, provides access for downloading packages.
      • Security controls: Package signing, vulnerability scanning of hosted packages (repository provider responsibility).

C4 CONTAINER

flowchart LR
    subgraph "ktlint System"
    A["ktlint CLI Application" ]
    end
    B["Kotlin Project Codebase"]
    C["ktlint Configuration Files"]
    D["Package Repository (Maven Central, etc.)"]
    E["Operating System"]

    A -- "Reads" --> B
    A -- "Reads" --> C
    A -- "Downloads Dependencies from" --> D
    A -- "Runs on" --> E

    style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Container Diagram Elements:
    • Element:
      • Name: ktlint CLI Application
      • Type: Application
      • Description: The command-line interface application of ktlint, written in Kotlin and distributed as a JAR file or executable.
      • Responsibilities: Parses command-line arguments, loads ktlint configuration, analyzes Kotlin code files, applies formatting rules, generates reports, interacts with the operating system.
      • Security controls: Input validation of command-line arguments and configuration files, dependency scanning, SAST, secure file handling, principle of least privilege for OS access.
    • Element:
      • Name: Kotlin Project Codebase
      • Type: Data Store
      • Description: The file system location where the Kotlin project's source code is stored.
      • Responsibilities: Stores Kotlin source code files, provides access to ktlint for analysis.
      • Security controls: File system permissions, access control lists, data loss prevention measures.
    • Element:
      • Name: ktlint Configuration Files
      • Type: Data Store
      • Description: Configuration files (e.g., .editorconfig, .ktlint) that define ktlint's behavior and rules.
      • Responsibilities: Stores ktlint configuration settings, allows customization of ktlint's behavior.
      • Security controls: File system permissions, input validation of configuration parameters, secure storage of sensitive configuration data (if any).
    • Element:
      • Name: Package Repository (Maven Central, etc.)
      • Type: External System
      • Description: Public or private repositories from which ktlint downloads its dependencies during runtime or build time.
      • Responsibilities: Hosts ktlint dependencies, provides access for downloading dependencies.
      • Security controls: Package signing, vulnerability scanning of hosted packages (repository provider responsibility).
    • Element:
      • Name: Operating System
      • Type: Infrastructure
      • Description: The operating system environment where ktlint CLI application is executed (e.g., Linux, macOS, Windows).
      • Responsibilities: Provides runtime environment for ktlint, manages system resources, handles file system operations.
      • Security controls: Operating system hardening, access control, security patching, anti-malware software.

DEPLOYMENT

ktlint is primarily deployed in two main contexts:

  1. Developer's Local Machine: Developers download and run ktlint directly on their workstations to check and format code locally.
  2. CI/CD Pipelines: ktlint is integrated into CI/CD pipelines to automatically check code style and quality as part of the build process.

We will focus on the CI/CD Pipeline deployment scenario.

flowchart LR
    subgraph "CI/CD Environment"
    A["CI/CD Pipeline Agent"]
        subgraph "Build Stage"
        B["ktlint CLI"]
        C["Kotlin Project Repository"]
        D["Package Repository (Maven Central, etc.)"]
        end
        subgraph "Reporting Stage"
        E["Artifact Repository"]
        F["Notification System (Email, Slack, etc.)"]
        end
    end

    A -- "Executes" --> B
    B -- "Analyzes Code from" --> C
    B -- "Downloads Dependencies from" --> D
    B -- "Generates Reports" --> E
    A -- "Sends Notifications via" --> F

    style A fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style B fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Deployment Diagram Elements:
    • Element:
      • Name: CI/CD Pipeline Agent
      • Type: Infrastructure
      • Description: The server or virtual machine that executes the CI/CD pipeline stages, including running ktlint.
      • Responsibilities: Executes pipeline stages, manages build environment, orchestrates tasks, interacts with other CI/CD components.
      • Security controls: Secure configuration of CI/CD agent, access control, regular patching, network segmentation.
    • Element:
      • Name: ktlint CLI
      • Type: Application
      • Description: The ktlint command-line interface application, deployed within the CI/CD pipeline environment.
      • Responsibilities: Analyzes Kotlin code from the project repository, generates reports on code style violations, exits with appropriate status codes to indicate success or failure.
      • Security controls: Same as in Container Diagram - Input validation, dependency scanning, SAST.
    • Element:
      • Name: Kotlin Project Repository
      • Type: Data Store
      • Description: The version control repository (e.g., Git) where the Kotlin project's source code is stored and accessed by the CI/CD pipeline.
      • Responsibilities: Stores Kotlin source code, provides access to the CI/CD pipeline for code analysis.
      • Security controls: Repository access control, branch protection, audit logging, secure communication protocols (HTTPS, SSH).
    • Element:
      • Name: Package Repository (Maven Central, etc.)
      • Type: External System
      • Description: Public or private repositories from which ktlint and its dependencies are downloaded during the CI/CD build process.
      • Responsibilities: Hosts ktlint artifacts and dependencies, provides access for downloading packages.
      • Security controls: Package signing, vulnerability scanning of hosted packages (repository provider responsibility).
    • Element:
      • Name: Artifact Repository
      • Type: Data Store
      • Description: A repository where ktlint reports and other build artifacts are stored after the CI/CD pipeline execution.
      • Responsibilities: Stores ktlint reports, provides access to reports for developers and stakeholders.
      • Security controls: Access control to the artifact repository, secure storage of reports, data retention policies.
    • Element:
      • Name: Notification System (Email, Slack, etc.)
      • Type: External System
      • Description: A system used to send notifications about ktlint analysis results and CI/CD pipeline status to developers and stakeholders.
      • Responsibilities: Sends notifications, delivers reports or links to reports.
      • Security controls: Secure communication channels (HTTPS), access control to notification system, protection of sensitive information in notifications.

BUILD

flowchart LR
    A["Developer"] --> B("Code Changes & Contributions");
    B --> C["GitHub Repository"];
    C --> D["GitHub Actions Workflow (CI)"];
    D --> E["Build ktlint JAR"];
    E --> F["Run Tests & Linters"];
    F --> G["Publish to Package Repository (Maven Central)"];
    G --> H["ktlint Artifacts"];

    style D fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style G fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Build Process Elements:
    • Element:
      • Name: Developer
      • Type: Person
      • Description: Software developers who contribute code changes to the ktlint project.
      • Responsibilities: Writes code, submits pull requests, participates in code reviews.
      • Security controls: Developer workstation security, secure coding practices, authentication to GitHub.
    • Element:
      • Name: Code Changes & Contributions
      • Type: Data
      • Description: Source code changes submitted by developers, typically via pull requests.
      • Responsibilities: Represents code modifications, triggers the build process.
      • Security controls: Code review process, static analysis on code changes, branch protection in Git.
    • Element:
      • Name: GitHub Repository
      • Type: Code Repository
      • Description: The GitHub repository hosting the ktlint source code.
      • Responsibilities: Stores source code, manages version control, triggers CI workflows.
      • Security controls: Repository access control, branch protection, audit logging, vulnerability scanning of repository infrastructure.
    • Element:
      • Name: GitHub Actions Workflow (CI)
      • Type: CI/CD System
      • Description: Automated CI workflow defined in GitHub Actions to build, test, and publish ktlint.
      • Responsibilities: Automates build process, runs tests, performs static analysis, publishes artifacts.
      • Security controls: Secure configuration of CI workflows, secret management, access control to CI environment, build isolation.
    • Element:
      • Name: Build ktlint JAR
      • Type: Build Process
      • Description: The step in the CI workflow that compiles the Kotlin code and packages it into a JAR file.
      • Responsibilities: Compiles Kotlin code, packages JAR artifact.
      • Security controls: Dependency management, build environment security, input validation during build.
    • Element:
      • Name: Run Tests & Linters
      • Type: Quality Assurance
      • Description: Automated tests and linters (including ktlint itself) are executed to verify code quality and functionality.
      • Responsibilities: Executes unit tests, runs static analysis tools, verifies code style.
      • Security controls: Test case coverage, SAST integration, linting rules enforcement.
    • Element:
      • Name: Publish to Package Repository (Maven Central)
      • Type: Release Process
      • Description: The step in the CI workflow that publishes the built ktlint JAR artifact to a package repository like Maven Central.
      • Responsibilities: Publishes artifacts, signs artifacts, manages release process.
      • Security controls: Secure credentials management for publishing, artifact signing, access control to package repository.
    • Element:
      • Name: ktlint Artifacts
      • Type: Software Artifacts
      • Description: The final ktlint JAR files and associated artifacts published to the package repository.
      • Responsibilities: Distributable ktlint binaries, used by end-users.
      • Security controls: Artifact signing, vulnerability scanning of published artifacts, secure storage in package repository.

RISK ASSESSMENT

  • Critical Business Processes:

    • Maintaining code quality and style consistency in Kotlin projects that use ktlint.
    • Ensuring the integrity and availability of the ktlint tool itself for the Kotlin development community.

  • Data to Protect and Sensitivity:

    • Kotlin Source Code: Sensitivity - Medium. While generally not highly sensitive in open-source projects, it represents intellectual property and potential vulnerabilities if code quality is poor.
    • ktlint Configuration Files: Sensitivity - Low to Medium. May contain project-specific style rules or configurations that could be considered project-specific knowledge.
    • ktlint Artifacts (JAR files): Sensitivity - Medium. Integrity and authenticity are important to prevent supply chain attacks.
    • ktlint Reports: Sensitivity - Low. Contain information about code style issues, generally not sensitive.

QUESTIONS & ASSUMPTIONS

  • Questions:

    • What is the primary target audience for this design document? Is it for ktlint maintainers, users, or security auditors?
    • Are there any specific security concerns or threat scenarios that are of particular interest?
    • What is the risk appetite of the organization or individuals using ktlint?
    • Are there any specific compliance requirements that ktlint needs to adhere to?

  • Assumptions:

    • The primary goal is to improve the security posture of the ktlint project and projects that use ktlint.
    • The focus is on common security best practices for open-source software and CI/CD pipelines.
    • The user is interested in understanding the security aspects of ktlint for threat modeling purposes.
    • ktlint is intended to be used in a variety of environments, from individual developer workstations to large enterprise CI/CD pipelines.