Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
127 lines (90 loc) · 13.9 KB

mitigations.md

File metadata and controls

127 lines (90 loc) · 13.9 KB

Mitigation Strategies Analysis for doctrine/dbal

Mitigation Strategy: Parameterized Queries and Prepared Statements

  • Description:

    1. Utilize DBAL's Query Builder or executeStatement(): When constructing database queries using Doctrine DBAL, always employ the Query Builder or the executeStatement() method. These are the primary mechanisms within DBAL to implement parameterized queries.
    2. Use Placeholders: Within your queries (either in Query Builder or raw SQL passed to executeStatement()), use placeholders (? for positional or :parameterName for named parameters) to represent user-provided values.
    3. Bind Values with DBAL Methods: Use methods like setParameter(), setParameters() in Query Builder, or the params argument in executeStatement() to bind user input to the placeholders. DBAL handles the secure escaping and quoting of these values before sending the query to the database.
    4. Avoid Raw SQL String Concatenation: Completely avoid constructing SQL queries by directly concatenating strings, especially when user input is involved. This bypasses DBAL's protection and re-introduces SQL Injection vulnerabilities.
    5. Code Review for Parameterization: Conduct code reviews specifically to verify that all database interactions using DBAL are correctly using parameterized queries and not raw string concatenation.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • SQL Injection (High Severity): Directly mitigates SQL Injection vulnerabilities by ensuring user input is treated as data, not executable SQL code, when interacting with the database through DBAL.

  • Impact:

    • SQL Injection (High Impact): Effectively eliminates the primary attack vector for SQL Injection when using DBAL for database access.

  • Currently Implemented:

    • Largely implemented across the application, particularly in data access layers using UserRepository, ProductService, and similar classes. Query Builder is the standard approach for new query construction.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Legacy modules, specifically the LegacyReportGenerator, still contain instances of raw SQL queries built with string concatenation. These need to be refactored to use parameterized queries via executeStatement() or ideally, Query Builder for better maintainability.

Mitigation Strategy: Connection Security (DBAL Configuration for Encryption)

  • Description:

    1. Configure DBAL Connection for SSL/TLS: Within your DBAL connection configuration array (typically in config/packages/doctrine.yaml or similar), specify SSL/TLS options. This involves settings like sslmode, ssl_cert, ssl_key, ssl_ca (names may vary slightly depending on the database driver).
    2. Enforce SSL/TLS Requirement (if possible via DBAL): Some database drivers and DBAL configurations allow you to enforce SSL/TLS connections. Use these options (e.g., sslmode=require in PostgreSQL) to ensure DBAL only connects over encrypted channels.
    3. Verify DBAL SSL Configuration: Test your application's database connection to confirm that DBAL is indeed establishing an encrypted connection. You can often check this through database server logs or network monitoring tools.
    4. Review DBAL Driver Documentation: Consult the specific documentation for the DBAL driver you are using (e.g., pdo_mysql, pdo_pgsql) to understand the available SSL/TLS configuration options and ensure they are correctly applied in your DBAL connection settings.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Man-in-the-Middle Attacks (High Severity): DBAL's SSL configuration helps prevent MITM attacks by ensuring communication between the application and the database server is encrypted, protecting data in transit.
    • Data Exposure in Transit (High Severity): DBAL's encryption configuration prevents sensitive data from being transmitted in plain text over the network, mitigating the risk of eavesdropping.

  • Impact:

    • Man-in-the-Middle Attacks (High Impact): Significantly reduces the risk of MITM attacks on database connections when properly configured in DBAL.
    • Data Exposure in Transit (High Impact): Eliminates the risk of data exposure during network transmission related to the DBAL connection.

  • Currently Implemented:

    • SSL/TLS configuration is present in the production and staging DBAL connection settings, specifying sslmode=require and paths to certificate files.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • SSL/TLS configuration is not consistently applied across all development environments' DBAL configurations. Development environments should also enforce SSL/TLS for database connections to mirror production settings and catch configuration issues early.

Mitigation Strategy: Careful Use of DBAL's Logging and Profiling Features

  • Description:

    1. Disable DBAL Logging/Profiling in Production Configuration: Ensure that DBAL's query logging and profiling mechanisms are explicitly disabled in your production environment's DBAL configuration. This prevents sensitive query data from being unintentionally logged in production.
    2. Enable Logging/Profiling Temporarily and Securely: If logging or profiling is needed for debugging in production, enable it temporarily and ensure logs are written to secure locations with restricted access. Disable logging immediately after debugging.
    3. Sanitize Sensitive Data in DBAL Loggers (if enabled): If you must use DBAL logging in production, configure custom loggers or processors to sanitize sensitive data (like passwords or personal information) from DBAL log messages before they are written to logs.
    4. Review DBAL Configuration for Logging: Regularly review your DBAL configuration files to confirm that logging and profiling are disabled in production and appropriately configured in other environments.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Information Disclosure through DBAL Logs (Medium Severity): Prevents sensitive data, including potentially query parameters containing user input or internal application details, from being exposed in DBAL logs.

  • Impact:

    • Information Disclosure through DBAL Logs (Medium Impact): Reduces the risk of information leakage through DBAL-generated logs.

  • Currently Implemented:

    • DBAL logging and profiling are disabled in the production environment configuration (doctrine.dbal.profiling and doctrine.dbal.logging set to false or similar).

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Log sanitization is not implemented for DBAL logs. If logging were to be enabled even temporarily in production, sensitive data might still be logged. A log sanitization mechanism specific to DBAL logs should be considered for enhanced security.

Mitigation Strategy: Regularly Update Doctrine DBAL and Dependencies

  • Description:

    1. Monitor DBAL Releases and Security Advisories: Stay informed about new releases and security advisories specifically for Doctrine DBAL and its direct dependencies (like the underlying database drivers used by DBAL). Check the Doctrine project website, security mailing lists, and relevant security databases.
    2. Use Composer for DBAL Updates: Utilize Composer to manage your project's dependencies, including Doctrine DBAL. Regularly run composer update doctrine/dbal (or update your root composer.json to allow newer versions) to fetch and install the latest stable versions of DBAL.
    3. Test DBAL Updates Thoroughly: Before deploying DBAL updates to production, rigorously test them in staging and testing environments to ensure compatibility with your application code and prevent any regressions or unexpected behavior introduced by the update.
    4. Prioritize Security Updates: Treat security updates for DBAL with high priority. Apply security patches and updates as quickly as possible after they are released to mitigate known vulnerabilities.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Exploitation of Known DBAL Vulnerabilities (High Severity): Prevents attackers from exploiting publicly disclosed security vulnerabilities that might exist in older versions of Doctrine DBAL itself.

  • Impact:

    • Exploitation of Known DBAL Vulnerabilities (High Impact): Significantly reduces the risk of exploitation of vulnerabilities within the DBAL library itself.

  • Currently Implemented:

    • Using Composer for dependency management. Manual checks for updates are performed periodically. Updates are tested in staging before production deployment.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Automated vulnerability scanning specifically for DBAL and its dependencies is not in place. Integrating a vulnerability scanning tool that can identify outdated DBAL versions would improve proactive security.

Mitigation Strategy: Schema Management Security (DBAL Migrations)

  • Description:

    1. Restrict Access to DBAL Migration Execution: Limit access to the execution of DBAL migrations in production environments. Migration commands should not be accessible through web interfaces or directly executable by unauthorized users.
    2. Controlled Migration Deployment Process: Implement a controlled and reviewed process for deploying database schema changes using DBAL Migrations. This should involve code reviews of migration scripts, testing in staging, and a documented deployment procedure.
    3. Separate Migration Execution from Application Runtime: Ensure that database migrations are executed as a separate deployment step, before or outside of the regular application runtime and web request handling. Avoid triggering migrations directly from within the application code during normal operation.
    4. Version Control for Migrations: Store all DBAL migration scripts in version control (e.g., Git) to track changes, facilitate rollbacks, and maintain an audit trail of schema modifications.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Unauthorized Schema Modifications via Migrations (High Severity): Prevents unauthorized individuals or malicious actors from using DBAL Migrations to make unintended or malicious changes to the database schema in production.

  • Impact:

    • Unauthorized Schema Modifications via Migrations (High Impact): Significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized and potentially damaging schema changes being applied to the production database through DBAL Migrations.

  • Currently Implemented:

    • Using Doctrine Migrations for schema management. Migrations are version-controlled and tested in staging. Migration execution is part of the deployment pipeline, separate from application runtime.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • Access control for executing migrations in production is not strictly enforced beyond general server access. More granular access control mechanisms specifically for migration execution could be implemented to further restrict who can apply schema changes in production.

Mitigation Strategy: Understand and Utilize DBAL's Type System

  • Description:

    1. Explicitly Define DBAL Types in Schema: When defining your database schema using DBAL's schema definition tools or Doctrine ORM mappings, explicitly specify the appropriate DBAL types for each column. Avoid relying on default type inference, which might lead to unexpected type mappings.
    2. Use DBAL Type Hinting in Code: When working with data retrieved from the database using DBAL, utilize type hinting in your PHP code to ensure you are handling data with the expected types as defined by DBAL's type system.
    3. Leverage DBAL Type Conversion Features: Understand and utilize DBAL's type conversion capabilities to ensure data is correctly converted between PHP types and database-specific types. This is particularly important when dealing with complex data types or custom types.
    4. Test Data Type Handling with DBAL: Thoroughly test data interactions in your application, paying close attention to data types and how DBAL handles type conversions. Verify that data is stored and retrieved with the expected types and without data loss or corruption due to type mismatches.

  • Threats Mitigated:

    • Data Truncation and Data Loss (Medium Severity): Using DBAL's type system correctly helps prevent data truncation or loss that can occur due to mismatched data types between the application and the database.
    • Unexpected Behavior due to Type Coercion (Medium Severity): Properly utilizing DBAL's type system reduces the risk of unexpected application behavior or logic errors caused by implicit or incorrect type coercion during database interactions.

  • Impact:

    • Data Truncation and Data Loss (Medium Impact): Reduces the risk of data integrity issues related to data type mismatches when using DBAL.
    • Unexpected Behavior due to Type Coercion (Medium Impact): Improves application reliability and predictability by ensuring consistent and correct data type handling through DBAL.

  • Currently Implemented:

    • DBAL types are generally defined in Doctrine entity mappings. Type hinting is used in PHP code for data retrieved from the database.

  • Missing Implementation:

    • More advanced DBAL types (e.g., custom types, JSON types, database-specific types) could be more consistently utilized to better represent data and leverage database features. Testing of data type handling, especially for complex types and conversions, could be more comprehensive to ensure robustness.