attack-surface.md

Attack Surface Analysis for filamentphp/filament

Attack Surface: Default Authentication Routes and Endpoints

• Description: Exposure of standard login and authentication paths, making them easily discoverable by attackers.
• Filament Contribution: Filament automatically sets up /admin/login, /admin/register, /admin/password/reset routes. Using these defaults increases predictability and simplifies attacker reconnaissance.
• Example: An attacker attempts brute-force attacks on /admin/login to guess admin credentials.
• Impact: Unauthorized access to the admin panel, data breaches, system compromise.
• Risk Severity: High
• Mitigation Strategies:
  • Customize the default admin panel path (e.g., /secret-admin-panel) using Filament configuration.
  • Implement rate limiting on login attempts using Laravel's features or packages, specifically for the Filament login route.
  • Enforce strong password policies for Filament users.
  • Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for Filament logins, leveraging Filament's authentication customization options.

Attack Surface: Filament User Roles and Permissions Misconfiguration

• Description: Incorrectly configured or overly permissive roles and permissions within Filament's authorization system.
• Filament Contribution: Filament provides a flexible permission system, but its security relies entirely on correct developer implementation. Misconfiguration within Filament's permission system directly leads to vulnerabilities.
• Example: A developer incorrectly assigns a role that grants unintended access to sensitive Filament resources or actions.
• Impact: Privilege escalation within the Filament admin panel, unauthorized data modification or deletion, access to sensitive functionalities.
• Risk Severity: High
• Mitigation Strategies:
  • Carefully define granular roles and permissions within Filament's permission system based on the principle of least privilege.
  • Regularly audit and review role and permission configurations specifically within Filament.
  • Utilize Filament's policy generators and ensure policies are correctly implemented for all Filament resources and actions.
  • Test Filament permissions thoroughly after any changes to role or policy configurations.

Attack Surface: Mass Assignment Vulnerabilities in Filament Resources

• Description: Exploiting Eloquent mass assignment vulnerabilities through Filament forms to modify unintended model attributes.
• Filament Contribution: Filament resources are built on Eloquent models and directly use forms to interact with these models. If models are not protected against mass assignment, Filament forms become the attack vector.
• Example: An attacker modifies the is_admin attribute of a user model to true by including it in a form submission through a Filament resource, gaining administrative privileges within Filament.
• Impact: Data corruption within Filament managed data, privilege escalation within the admin panel, bypassing business logic enforced through Filament.
• Risk Severity: High
• Mitigation Strategies:
  • Strictly define $fillable or $guarded attributes in Eloquent models used by Filament resources.
  • Validate all user inputs within Filament forms and actions, even when using $fillable or $guarded, to ensure data integrity within Filament.
  • Avoid directly binding user input to model attributes without validation and sanitization in Filament resource logic.

Attack Surface: Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) in Resource URLs

• Description: Unauthorized access to resources by manipulating IDs in Filament resource URLs due to insufficient authorization checks.
• Filament Contribution: Filament resource URLs inherently expose record IDs as part of its routing structure. This design makes IDOR vulnerabilities directly relevant if Filament's authorization mechanisms are not properly applied.
• Example: An attacker changes the ID in a Filament resource URL to access or modify a record belonging to another user, bypassing intended access controls within the Filament admin panel.
• Impact: Unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion within Filament managed data; data breaches exposed through Filament; privacy violations within the admin panel.
• Risk Severity: High
• Mitigation Strategies:
  • Always enforce authorization checks within Filament resource controllers, policies, and actions based on the authenticated Filament user and the requested resource.
  • Never rely on URL obscurity for security in Filament resource URLs.
  • Use Filament's authorization features to control access to resources based on user roles and permissions.

Attack Surface: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in Filament Forms and Widgets

• Description: Injection of malicious scripts into Filament forms or widgets that are then executed in users' browsers.
• Filament Contribution: Filament forms and widgets render user-supplied data. If developers don't sanitize data within Filament components, XSS vulnerabilities are directly introduced through Filament's UI.
• Example: An attacker injects JavaScript code into a text field in a Filament form. When another user views or edits this record within Filament, the script executes in their browser.
• Impact: Session hijacking of Filament admin users, account takeover within the admin panel, data theft from within Filament interfaces, defacement of Filament pages, malware distribution to Filament users.
• Risk Severity: High
• Mitigation Strategies:
  • Always sanitize and escape user inputs when rendering them in Filament forms and widgets.
  • Utilize Filament's form field types and validation rules to minimize injection risks.
  • Be particularly cautious with HTML fields and custom form components within Filament.
  • Use templating engines (like Blade in Laravel) that automatically escape output by default, ensuring this applies to all data rendered in Filament.
  • Implement a Content Security Policy (CSP) to further mitigate XSS risks within the Filament admin panel.

Attack Surface: Custom Action and Widget Code Injection

• Description: Introduction of code injection vulnerabilities through custom Filament actions or widgets that execute dynamic code based on user input.
• Filament Contribution: Filament's extensibility allows for custom actions and widgets. Poorly implemented custom components within Filament are a direct source of code injection risks.
• Example: A custom Filament action executes a shell command constructed using unsanitized user input provided through the Filament interface, leading to remote code execution.
• Impact: Remote code execution (RCE) originating from the Filament admin panel, complete system compromise accessible through Filament, data breaches initiated via Filament.
• Risk Severity: Critical
• Mitigation Strategies:
  • Avoid executing dynamic code based on user input in custom Filament actions and widgets.
  • If dynamic code execution is absolutely necessary in custom Filament components, carefully sanitize and validate all inputs.
  • Use parameterized queries or prepared statements when interacting with databases from custom Filament code.
  • Follow secure coding practices specifically when developing custom Filament components.
  • Conduct thorough code reviews and security testing of all custom Filament components.

Attack Surface: Unrestricted File Uploads

• Description: Allowing users to upload files without proper restrictions through Filament forms, leading to various file-related vulnerabilities.
• Filament Contribution: Filament forms often include file upload fields. If file upload handling in Filament is not secured, it becomes a direct entry point for file-based attacks.
• Example: An attacker uploads a PHP web shell disguised as an image file through a Filament form, which is then accessible and executable on the server, potentially leading to system compromise via Filament.
• Impact: Remote code execution initiated through file uploads via Filament, system compromise starting from Filament, data breaches facilitated by file uploads through Filament.
• Risk Severity: Critical
• Mitigation Strategies:
  • Implement strict file type validation using an allowlist approach within Filament's file upload handling (e.g., only allow specific image types).
  • Limit file sizes to prevent denial of service and storage exhaustion related to Filament file uploads.
  • Store uploaded files outside of the web root to prevent direct execution, ensuring this applies to files uploaded via Filament.
  • Sanitize filenames to prevent path traversal attacks and other issues related to Filament file uploads.
  • Consider using a dedicated file storage service with built-in security features for files uploaded through Filament.
  • Scan uploaded files for malware using antivirus software, especially for files uploaded via Filament.