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Threat Model Analysis for friendsofphp/goutte

Threat: Header Manipulation for Spoofing

  • Threat: Header Manipulation for Spoofing

    • Description: An attacker modifies request headers sent by Goutte (e.g., User-Agent, Referer, custom headers) to impersonate a legitimate browser, a specific user, or a trusted source. They might try to bypass access controls, trigger different server-side logic, or evade detection mechanisms on the target website. This directly uses Goutte's header manipulation capabilities.
    • Impact: Unauthorized access to resources, data breaches, triggering unintended actions on the target server, bypassing security measures.
    • Affected Component: Client::request(), Client::setHeader(), Client::setHeaders(), and any methods that allow modification of the Symfony\Component\BrowserKit\Request object before it's sent.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Strictly validate and sanitize any user-supplied data used to construct request headers.
      • Maintain a whitelist of allowed User-Agent strings and other headers, if feasible.
      • Avoid directly using user input in headers without thorough sanitization.
      • Log all outgoing request headers for auditing and anomaly detection.
      • Consider using a proxy server with header filtering capabilities.

Threat: Form Data Tampering

  • Threat: Form Data Tampering

    • Description: An attacker manipulates form data submitted through Goutte. If the application doesn't validate user input before passing it to Goutte, the attacker can inject malicious payloads (e.g., XSS, SQL injection) into the form fields. Goutte then sends this tampered data to the target website. This is a direct use of Goutte's form submission capabilities.
    • Impact: XSS vulnerabilities on the target website, SQL injection on the target website, data corruption, unauthorized actions on the target website. Crucially, the impact is on the target, but Goutte is the vector.
    • Affected Component: Form::setValues(), Form::getValues(), Client::submit(), and any methods interacting with the Symfony\Component\DomCrawler\Form object.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Implement rigorous input validation and sanitization before any data is passed to Goutte for form submission.
      • Use context-appropriate output encoding on the target website (if you control it) to prevent XSS.
      • If the target website is under your control, use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection.
      • Treat all data destined for a remote server as potentially malicious.

Threat: Information Leakage via Headers

  • Threat: Information Leakage via Headers

    • Description: Goutte is configured to send sensitive information (API keys, session tokens, internal data) in request headers. This information could be logged by the target website, intercepted by a third party, or exposed through error messages. This directly involves Goutte's header management.
    • Impact: Exposure of sensitive credentials, data breaches, unauthorized access to resources.
    • Affected Component: Client::setHeader(), Client::setHeaders(), and any methods that modify the Symfony\Component\BrowserKit\Request object's headers.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Carefully review and minimize the headers sent by Goutte. Never send unnecessary headers.
      • Store sensitive credentials securely (e.g., environment variables, secrets management system).
      • Avoid hardcoding sensitive data in the application.
      • Implement secure error handling to prevent sensitive information from being leaked in error messages.

Threat: Sensitive Data Scraping and Storage

  • Threat: Sensitive Data Scraping and Storage

    • Description: Goutte is used to scrape sensitive data (personal information, financial data, etc.) from a target website. This data is then stored insecurely, leading to potential data breaches. This directly uses Goutte's scraping capabilities.
    • Impact: Data breaches, privacy violations, legal and regulatory penalties.
    • Affected Component: Client::request(), Crawler::filter(), Crawler::each(), and any methods used to extract data from the Symfony\Component\DomCrawler\Crawler object.
    • Risk Severity: Critical
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Only scrape data that is absolutely necessary and for which you have explicit authorization.
      • Comply with all applicable data privacy regulations (GDPR, CCPA, etc.).
      • Implement strong access controls and encryption for stored data.
      • Regularly review and delete scraped data that is no longer needed.
      • Perform a data protection impact assessment (DPIA).

Threat: Unauthorized Resource Access (Indirect Privilege Escalation)

  • Threat: Unauthorized Resource Access (Indirect Privilege Escalation)

    • Description: A vulnerability in the application using Goutte allows a low-privileged user to manipulate Goutte's behavior to access resources or perform actions they shouldn't be able to. This isn't Goutte itself granting privileges, but being the tool used in the exploit. While indirect, Goutte's capabilities are essential to the attack.
    • Impact: Unauthorized access to data or functionality, potential data breaches, system compromise.
    • Affected Component: All Goutte components, as the vulnerability lies in how the application uses Goutte, not Goutte itself. But Goutte is the means of the attack.
    • Risk Severity: High
    • Mitigation Strategies:
      • Implement strict authorization checks before any Goutte interaction. Verify the user has permission for both the target resource and the action.
      • Sanitize and validate all user inputs that influence Goutte's behavior, even indirectly.
      • Follow the principle of least privilege: users should only have access to the resources they absolutely need.