Objective: Compromise application using Intervention Image by exploiting vulnerabilities within the image processing library or its usage to achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) or Denial of Service (DoS).
[CRITICAL NODE] Compromise Application via Intervention Image [CRITICAL NODE] ├───[AND] [CRITICAL NODE] Achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ └───[OR] [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Image Processing Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├─── [CRITICAL NODE] Malicious Image Upload & Processing [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ ├───[OR] [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Image Format Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ │ └─── [CRITICAL NODE] Leverage Library-Specific Parsing Vulnerabilities (GD, Imagick) [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ │ ├─── [CRITICAL NODE] Identify Known CVEs in GD or Imagick Parsers [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ └─── [CRITICAL NODE] Dependency Vulnerabilities (GD Library, Imagick) [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ ├─── [CRITICAL NODE] Exploit Known CVEs in GD or Imagick [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ │ └─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Identify Outdated GD/Imagick Version in Application Environment [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ └─── [CRITICAL NODE] Application Misconfiguration (Related to Image Handling) [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Insecure File Storage/Permissions [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ ├─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Upload Malicious Image to Publicly Accessible Directory [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Insufficient Input Validation (Before Image Processing) [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ ├─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Bypass File Type/Size Checks to Upload Malicious Image [HIGH-RISK PATH] ├───[OR] [CRITICAL NODE] Cause Denial of Service (DoS) [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ └─── [CRITICAL NODE] Resource Exhaustion [CRITICAL NODE] [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Memory Exhaustion [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ ├─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Upload Extremely Large Image [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ │ │ └─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Bypass Size Limits (Application or Web Server) [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ └─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Concurrent Image Processing Requests [HIGH-RISK PATH] │ ├─── [HIGH-RISK PATH] Send Many Requests to Process Images Simultaneously [HIGH-RISK PATH]
This is the overarching goal of the attacker and represents the highest level of risk. Success here means the attacker has control over the application or has rendered it unavailable.
Attack Tree Path: 2. Achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
Achieving RCE is a critical compromise. It allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server, leading to full system compromise, data breaches, and further malicious activities. * This path is high-risk due to the potential for critical impact and the existence of exploitable vulnerabilities in image processing libraries.
This is the primary attack vector focusing on weaknesses within Intervention Image or its dependencies. * It's high-risk because image processing libraries are complex and historically prone to vulnerabilities.
Attack Tree Path: 4. Malicious Image Upload & Processing (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
This is the most common method to exploit image processing vulnerabilities. Attackers upload crafted images designed to trigger vulnerabilities when processed. * High-risk due to the ease of uploading files and the potential for severe consequences if processing is vulnerable.
Attack Tree Path: 5. Exploit Image Format Vulnerabilities (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
Image formats are complex, and parsing them can lead to vulnerabilities like buffer overflows or integer overflows. * High-risk because format parsing is a fundamental part of image processing and vulnerabilities here can be critical.
Attack Tree Path: 6. Leverage Library-Specific Parsing Vulnerabilities (GD, Imagick) (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
Intervention Image relies on GD or Imagick. Vulnerabilities in their parsers are directly exploitable. * High-risk because these libraries are external dependencies and vulnerabilities in them directly impact the application.
Exploiting known CVEs is a high-likelihood attack path, especially if the application uses outdated versions of GD or Imagick. * High-risk due to the availability of public exploits and the relative ease of exploitation if vulnerable versions are present.
Attack Tree Path: 8. Dependency Vulnerabilities (GD Library, Imagick) (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
Vulnerabilities in GD or Imagick directly impact the security of applications using Intervention Image. * High-risk because these dependencies are critical components and vulnerabilities in them can be widespread and impactful.
Attack Tree Path: 9. Exploit Known CVEs in GD or Imagick (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
Directly targeting known vulnerabilities in GD or Imagick is a high-risk path to compromise. * High-risk due to the potential for critical impact and the relative ease of exploitation if known vulnerabilities exist.
Attack Tree Path: 10. Identify Outdated GD/Imagick Version in Application Environment (High-Risk Path)
Identifying outdated versions is a crucial step for attackers targeting known CVEs. * High-risk because outdated libraries are common and easily targeted if version information is accessible.
Attack Tree Path: 11. Application Misconfiguration (Related to Image Handling) (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
Misconfigurations in the application using Intervention Image can create vulnerabilities even if the library itself is secure. * High-risk because misconfigurations are common and can lead to various security issues, including RCE.
Attack Tree Path: 12. Insecure File Storage/Permissions (High-Risk Path)
Improperly configured file storage can allow attackers to upload and potentially execute malicious files. * High-risk due to the potential for direct file access and execution if storage is publicly accessible.
Uploading malicious images to publicly accessible directories is a direct path to potential compromise if the web server is misconfigured to execute files from these directories. * High-risk due to the ease of exploitation and potential for immediate impact if misconfiguration exists.
Lack of proper input validation allows attackers to bypass security checks and upload malicious files or trigger unexpected behavior. * High-risk because weak input validation is a common vulnerability and can enable various attacks.
Bypassing file type and size checks allows attackers to upload files that would otherwise be blocked, potentially including malicious images. * High-risk because it's a common weakness in input validation and allows for the delivery of malicious payloads.
Attack Tree Path: 16. Cause Denial of Service (DoS) (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
DoS attacks aim to make the application unavailable, causing disruption and potential financial loss. * High-risk due to the potential for significant impact on application availability and business operations.
Attack Tree Path: 17. Resource Exhaustion (Critical Node & High-Risk Path)
DoS attacks often rely on exhausting server resources like memory or CPU. * High-risk because resource exhaustion is a common and effective way to cause DoS.
Attack Tree Path: 18. Memory Exhaustion (High-Risk Path)
Consuming all available memory can crash the application or make it unresponsive. * High-risk due to the potential for immediate application unavailability.
Attack Tree Path: 19. Upload Extremely Large Image (High-Risk Path)
Uploading very large images can quickly consume memory and lead to DoS. * High-risk due to the ease of execution and potential for immediate impact.
Attack Tree Path: 20. Bypass Size Limits (Application or Web Server) (High-Risk Path)
Bypassing size limits allows attackers to upload extremely large images, facilitating memory exhaustion DoS attacks. * High-risk because it enables the "Upload Extremely Large Image" attack path.
Attack Tree Path: 21. Concurrent Image Processing Requests (High-Risk Path)
Flooding the server with many simultaneous image processing requests can overwhelm resources and cause DoS. * High-risk due to the ease of execution and potential for significant impact, especially if rate limiting is absent.
Attack Tree Path: 22. Send Many Requests to Process Images Simultaneously (High-Risk Path)
This is the direct action of a concurrent request DoS attack. * High-risk because it's a simple and effective DoS technique if not mitigated.