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Attack Tree Analysis for monicahq/monica

Objective: Exfiltrate Sensitive Data from Monica [CRITICAL]

Attack Tree Visualization

Exfiltrate Sensitive Data from Monica [CRITICAL] |

| |

  1. Compromise User Account 2. Exploit Server-Side Vulnerabilities | |

| | | 1.1 Weak Password 2.1 Data Exposure 2.2 Logic Flaws | via API/Routes in Features | | | 1.1.1 Brute-Force (HR) 2.1.1 Insufficient 2.2.1 Bypassing 1.1.2 Dictionary Attack (HR) Access Control Privacy Controls (HR) [CRITICAL] (HR) [CRITICAL] | 2.2.3 Account Takeover via Feature Abuse (HR)

Attack Tree Path: 1. Compromise User Account

  • 1.1 Weak Password: This is a primary entry point for attackers.
    • 1.1.1 Brute-Force (HR):
      • Description: An attacker attempts to guess a user's password by systematically trying all possible combinations of characters.
      • Likelihood: Medium (Depends on password policy and rate limiting)
      • Impact: High (Full account access)
      • Effort: Low (Automated tools readily available)
      • Skill Level: Very Low (Script kiddie level)
      • Detection Difficulty: Medium (Should be detectable by rate limiting and failed login attempts)
      • Mitigation:
        • Implement strong password policies (minimum length, complexity).
        • Enforce strict rate limiting on login attempts.
        • Implement account lockout after a certain number of failed attempts.
        • Monitor for suspicious login activity.
    • 1.1.2 Dictionary Attack (HR):
      • Description: An attacker uses a list of common passwords (a "dictionary") to try and guess a user's password.
      • Likelihood: High (If weak passwords are allowed)
      • Impact: High (Full account access)
      • Effort: Very Low (Automated tools and readily available password lists)
      • Skill Level: Very Low (Script kiddie level)
      • Detection Difficulty: Medium (Similar to brute-force, but potentially faster)
      • Mitigation:
        • Enforce strong password policies (minimum length, complexity, and disallow common passwords).
        • Use a password strength checker (e.g., zxcvbn).
        • Implement rate limiting and account lockout.
        • Educate users about password security.

Attack Tree Path: 2. Exploit Server-Side Vulnerabilities

  • 2.1 Data Exposure via API/Routes

    • 2.1.1 Insufficient Access Control (HR) [CRITICAL]:
      • Description: The application fails to properly restrict access to API endpoints or routes, allowing unauthorized users to access or modify data.
      • Likelihood: Medium (Common vulnerability in custom APIs)
      • Impact: High (Unauthorized data access)
      • Effort: Medium (Requires understanding of the API and testing)
      • Skill Level: Medium (Requires understanding of API security)
      • Detection Difficulty: Medium (Can be detected by security testing)
      • Mitigation:
        • Thoroughly audit all API endpoints and routes.
        • Implement robust authorization checks (e.g., using Laravel's gates and policies).
        • Test with different user roles and permissions.
        • Use principle of least privilege.

  • 2.2 Logic Flaws in Features

    • 2.2.1 Bypassing Privacy Controls (HR) [CRITICAL]:
      • Description: A flaw in the application's logic allows an attacker to circumvent privacy settings and access data that should be hidden.
      • Likelihood: Low-Medium (Depends on complexity of privacy controls)
      • Impact: Medium-High (Unauthorized access to sensitive data)
      • Effort: Medium (Requires understanding of privacy controls)
      • Skill Level: Medium (Requires understanding of application logic)
      • Detection Difficulty: Medium (Can be detected by security testing)
      • Mitigation:
        • Thoroughly test all privacy controls.
        • Perform code review focused on privacy logic.
        • Implement explicit consent mechanisms.
        • Use a "deny by default" approach to privacy settings.
    • 2.2.3 Account Takeover via Feature Abuse (HR):
      • Description: An attacker exploits a combination of features or a specific feature's logic flaw to gain full control of another user's account.
      • Likelihood: Low (Requires a complex chain of vulnerabilities or a significant logic flaw)
      • Impact: Very High (Full account access)
      • Effort: High (Requires significant understanding of the application)
      • Skill Level: High (Requires advanced penetration testing skills)
      • Detection Difficulty: High (Difficult without in-depth security testing)
      • Mitigation:
        • Perform thorough code review and penetration testing.
        • Look for potential privilege escalation paths.
        • Test features in combination to identify unexpected interactions.
        • Implement robust input validation and sanitization.