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BUSINESS POSTURE

This project, the nikic/fastroute library, aims to provide a high-performance request router for PHP applications.

  • Business Priorities and Goals:

    • Improve the performance of PHP applications by providing a fast and efficient mechanism for routing HTTP requests to the appropriate handlers.
    • Reduce application latency and improve responsiveness, leading to a better user experience.
    • Simplify the development of routing logic in PHP applications, making it easier to maintain and extend.
    • Enable developers to build more complex and scalable web applications with PHP.

  • Most Important Business Risks:

    • Performance degradation due to inefficient routing logic, negatively impacting user experience and potentially leading to service disruptions.
    • Security vulnerabilities in the routing component that could be exploited to bypass security controls, gain unauthorized access, or cause application instability.
    • Downtime or service unavailability if the routing component fails or encounters errors.
    • Integration issues with existing PHP applications or frameworks, leading to development delays or compatibility problems.

SECURITY POSTURE

  • Existing Security Controls:

    • security control: Code is hosted on GitHub, which provides basic platform security and version control. Location: github.com
    • security control: The project is open source, allowing for community review and scrutiny, which can help identify potential security vulnerabilities. Location: github.com/nikic/fastroute
    • security control: Usage of widely adopted PHP language and ecosystem, benefiting from general PHP security best practices and community knowledge. Location: PHP ecosystem

  • Accepted Risks:

    • accepted risk: Reliance on the security of the underlying PHP runtime environment and web server infrastructure.
    • accepted risk: Potential for undiscovered vulnerabilities within the fastroute library itself, which could be exploited before patches are available.
    • accepted risk: Security misconfigurations or improper usage of the library by developers integrating it into their applications.

  • Recommended Security Controls:

    • security control: Implement automated static analysis security testing (SAST) to identify potential code-level vulnerabilities in the library.
    • security control: Establish a process for security vulnerability reporting and patching for the library.
    • security control: Encourage and facilitate community security audits and penetration testing of the library.
    • security control: Provide clear documentation and examples on secure usage of the library, including input validation and handling of routing parameters.

  • Security Requirements:

    • Authentication:
      • The fastroute library itself does not handle authentication.
      • Security requirement: Applications using fastroute must implement their own authentication mechanisms to verify user identity before processing requests.
      • Security requirement: Routing decisions might be influenced by authentication status, directing unauthenticated users to login pages or restricted areas.
    • Authorization:
      • The fastroute library is responsible for routing requests to specific handlers based on defined routes.
      • Security requirement: Applications must implement authorization checks within the request handlers to ensure that users are permitted to access the requested resources or functionalities.
      • Security requirement: Route definitions should be designed to align with the application's authorization model, preventing unauthorized access to sensitive endpoints.
    • Input Validation:
      • fastroute parses the request URI path to match routes.
      • Security requirement: fastroute must be robust against malformed or malicious URI paths to prevent unexpected behavior or vulnerabilities.
      • Security requirement: Applications should perform input validation on parameters extracted from the route (e.g., route parameters) within the request handlers to prevent injection attacks and other input-related vulnerabilities.
    • Cryptography:
      • fastroute itself does not directly implement cryptography.
      • Security requirement: Applications using fastroute should utilize HTTPS to encrypt communication between clients and the server, protecting sensitive data in transit.
      • Security requirement: If sensitive data is included in route parameters or query strings, applications must ensure it is appropriately protected, potentially through encryption or other security measures implemented at the application level.

DESIGN

C4 CONTEXT

flowchart LR
    subgraph "PHP Application Environment"
        A["PHP Application"]
        B["FastRoute Library"]
        C["Application Handlers"]
        A --> B
        A --> C
        B --> C
    end

    D["Web Server (e.g., Nginx, Apache)"]
    E["End User"]

    E --> D
    D --> A
    style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style B fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style C fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style D fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style E fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
Loading
  • Context Diagram Elements:
      • Name: "End User"
      • Type: Person
      • Description: Individuals accessing the PHP application through a web browser or other client.
      • Responsibilities: Initiating HTTP requests to access application functionalities.
      • Security controls: Client-side security controls (browser security, user authentication if applicable).
      • Name: "Web Server (e.g., Nginx, Apache)"
      • Type: Software System
      • Description: Web server responsible for receiving HTTP requests from end users and forwarding them to the PHP application.
      • Responsibilities: Handling HTTP requests, serving static content, reverse proxying requests to the PHP application.
      • Security controls: security control: Web server access controls, TLS/SSL configuration, DDoS protection, web application firewall (WAF).
      • Name: "PHP Application"
      • Type: Software System
      • Description: The overall PHP application that utilizes the fastroute library for request routing and contains application-specific logic.
      • Responsibilities: Implementing application functionalities, handling business logic, interacting with databases and other services.
      • Security controls: security control: Application-level authentication and authorization, input validation, output encoding, secure session management, protection against common web vulnerabilities (OWASP Top 10).
      • Name: "FastRoute Library"
      • Type: Software System
      • Description: The nikic/fastroute library, a PHP component responsible for efficiently routing HTTP requests to the appropriate application handlers within the PHP application.
      • Responsibilities: Parsing request URIs, matching routes against defined patterns, dispatching requests to registered handlers.
      • Security controls: security control: Input validation on URI paths, protection against route injection vulnerabilities.
      • Name: "Application Handlers"
      • Type: Software System
      • Description: PHP functions or classes within the PHP application that implement the business logic for specific routes and handle incoming requests.
      • Responsibilities: Processing requests, implementing business logic, interacting with data storage, generating responses.
      • Security controls: security control: Authorization checks, input validation, output encoding, secure data handling, protection against application-specific vulnerabilities.

C4 CONTAINER

flowchart LR
    subgraph "PHP Application Environment"
        A["PHP Application Process" ]
        subgraph "PHP Application Containers"
            B["FastRoute Library Container" ]
            C["Application Logic Containers" ]
        end
        A --> B
        A --> C
    end
    D["Web Server (e.g., Nginx, Apache)"]
    E["End User"]

    E --> D
    D --> A
    style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style B fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style C fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style D fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style E fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Container Diagram Elements:
      • Name: "End User"
      • Type: Person
      • Description: Individuals accessing the PHP application through a web browser or other client.
      • Responsibilities: Initiating HTTP requests to access application functionalities.
      • Security controls: Client-side security controls (browser security, user authentication if applicable).
      • Name: "Web Server (e.g., Nginx, Apache)"
      • Type: Container
      • Description: Web server software responsible for receiving HTTP requests and forwarding them to the PHP application process.
      • Responsibilities: Handling HTTP requests, serving static content, reverse proxying requests to the PHP application process.
      • Security controls: security control: Web server access controls, TLS/SSL configuration, DDoS protection, web application firewall (WAF).
      • Name: "PHP Application Process"
      • Type: Container
      • Description: The PHP interpreter process executing the PHP application code, including the fastroute library and application logic.
      • Responsibilities: Running the PHP application, processing requests, managing application state.
      • Security controls: security control: Operating system level security controls, PHP runtime security configurations, resource limits.
      • Name: "FastRoute Library Container"
      • Type: Container
      • Description: Represents the nikic/fastroute library as a component within the PHP application process, responsible for request routing.
      • Responsibilities: Parsing request URIs, matching routes, dispatching requests to application logic containers.
      • Security controls: security control: Input validation on URI paths, protection against route injection vulnerabilities.
      • Name: "Application Logic Containers"
      • Type: Container
      • Description: Represents the application-specific code components (handlers, controllers, services) within the PHP application process that implement business logic.
      • Responsibilities: Handling requests for specific routes, implementing business logic, interacting with data storage, generating responses.
      • Security controls: security control: Authorization checks, input validation, output encoding, secure data handling, protection against application-specific vulnerabilities.

DEPLOYMENT

flowchart LR
    subgraph "Production Environment"
        subgraph "Infrastructure"
            A["Load Balancer"]
            B["Web Servers"]
            C["Application Servers"]
        end
        D["Database Server"]

        E["End User"]

        E --> A
        A --> B
        B --> C
        C --> D
        subgraph "Web Server Instance"
            F["Web Server Software (Nginx/Apache)"]
        end
        subgraph "Application Server Instance"
            G["PHP Runtime"]
            H["PHP Application"]
            I["FastRoute Library"]
        end
        B --> F
        C --> G
        C --> H
        H --> I
        F --> H
    end
    style A fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style B fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style C fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style D fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style E fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style F fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style G fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style H fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style I fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Deployment Diagram Elements:
      • Name: "End User"
      • Type: Person
      • Description: Individuals accessing the PHP application.
      • Responsibilities: Accessing the application via web browsers or other clients.
      • Security controls: Client-side security controls.
      • Name: "Load Balancer"
      • Type: Infrastructure
      • Description: Distributes incoming traffic across multiple web servers for scalability and availability.
      • Responsibilities: Traffic distribution, health checks, SSL termination.
      • Security controls: security control: DDoS protection, rate limiting, SSL/TLS configuration.
      • Name: "Web Servers"
      • Type: Infrastructure
      • Description: Servers running web server software (e.g., Nginx, Apache) to handle HTTP requests and serve static content.
      • Responsibilities: Handling HTTP requests, serving static files, reverse proxying to application servers.
      • Security controls: security control: Web server hardening, access controls, web application firewall (WAF), intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS).
      • Name: "Web Server Software (Nginx/Apache)"
      • Type: Software
      • Description: Specific web server software running on the web servers.
      • Responsibilities: Handling HTTP protocol, request routing, security features.
      • Security controls: security control: Web server security configurations, module security, regular security updates.
      • Name: "Application Servers"
      • Type: Infrastructure
      • Description: Servers running the PHP application runtime and code.
      • Responsibilities: Executing PHP application code, processing requests, interacting with databases and other services.
      • Security controls: security control: Operating system hardening, access controls, intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS), application firewalls.
      • Name: "PHP Runtime"
      • Type: Software
      • Description: PHP interpreter environment.
      • Responsibilities: Executing PHP code, managing resources, providing PHP functionalities.
      • Security controls: security control: PHP security configurations, disabled functions, regular security updates.
      • Name: "PHP Application"
      • Type: Software
      • Description: The deployed PHP application code, including the fastroute library.
      • Responsibilities: Implementing application logic, handling requests, utilizing fastroute for routing.
      • Security controls: security control: Application-level security controls (authentication, authorization, input validation, etc.), secure coding practices.
      • Name: "FastRoute Library"
      • Type: Software
      • Description: Deployed nikic/fastroute library within the PHP application.
      • Responsibilities: Request routing within the application.
      • Security controls: security control: As per library design, input validation on URI paths.
      • Name: "Database Server"
      • Type: Infrastructure
      • Description: Database server storing application data.
      • Responsibilities: Data storage, data retrieval, data persistence.
      • Security controls: security control: Database access controls, encryption at rest and in transit, database hardening, regular backups.

BUILD

flowchart LR
    A["Developer"] --> B["Code Repository (GitHub)"];
    B --> C["CI/CD Pipeline (GitHub Actions, Jenkins, etc.)"];
    C --> D["Build Process (Composer, PHPUnit, SAST)"];
    D --> E["Build Artifacts (Packagist Package)"];
    E --> F["Deployment Environment"];
    style A fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style B fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style C fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style D fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style E fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style F fill:#eee,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Build Process Description:

    • The build process for the fastroute library typically starts with a developer committing code changes to a code repository, such as GitHub.
    • A CI/CD pipeline, like GitHub Actions or Jenkins, is triggered upon code changes.
    • The build process involves:
      • Dependency management using Composer to install any required PHP packages (though fastroute has none).
      • Running unit tests with PHPUnit to ensure code functionality and prevent regressions.
      • Performing static analysis security testing (SAST) to identify potential vulnerabilities in the code.
      • Code linting and style checks to maintain code quality and consistency.
    • Upon successful build and tests, build artifacts are created, typically a packaged version of the library suitable for distribution via Packagist (PHP package repository).
    • The build artifacts are then published to a package repository or made available for deployment into target environments.

  • Build Process Security Controls:

    • security control: Code repository access controls (e.g., branch protection, code review requirements) to ensure code integrity. Location: GitHub
    • security control: CI/CD pipeline security (e.g., secure pipeline configuration, secrets management) to prevent unauthorized modifications and access. Location: CI/CD system (GitHub Actions, Jenkins)
    • security control: Automated static analysis security testing (SAST) integrated into the build process to identify vulnerabilities early in the development lifecycle. Location: CI/CD Pipeline, SAST tools
    • security control: Dependency scanning (if applicable, though fastroute has no dependencies) to detect vulnerable dependencies. Location: CI/CD Pipeline, Dependency scanning tools
    • security control: Code signing of build artifacts to ensure integrity and authenticity. Location: Build process, signing tools
    • security control: Secure storage and access controls for build artifacts in the package repository. Location: Packagist or private package repository

RISK ASSESSMENT

  • Critical Business Processes:

    • Routing HTTP requests to the correct application logic is a critical process for any web application using fastroute. If routing fails or is compromised, the application may become unavailable, function incorrectly, or be vulnerable to security exploits.
    • Application availability and performance are directly dependent on the efficiency and reliability of the routing mechanism.

  • Data to Protect and Sensitivity:

    • Request paths and parameters: These can contain sensitive information depending on the application. For example, URLs might include session IDs, API keys, or personal data. While fastroute itself only processes the path, applications using it must be mindful of the sensitivity of data within the URL.
    • Application code: The fastroute library and the application code it routes to are valuable assets. Protecting the integrity and confidentiality of this code is important to prevent unauthorized modifications and intellectual property theft.
    • Configuration data: Route definitions and application configurations can contain sensitive information and should be protected from unauthorized access.

QUESTIONS & ASSUMPTIONS

  • Questions:

    • What specific types of input validation are performed by fastroute on URI paths?
    • Are there any known common security pitfalls when using fastroute in PHP applications?
    • What are the performance implications of enabling different routing features or security checks within fastroute?
    • Are there any recommended security configurations or best practices for deploying applications using fastroute?

  • Assumptions:

    • It is assumed that applications using fastroute will be deployed in a standard web server environment (e.g., Nginx/Apache with PHP-FPM).
    • It is assumed that developers using fastroute are responsible for implementing application-level security controls such as authentication, authorization, and input validation in their request handlers.
    • It is assumed that the primary security concern for fastroute is related to preventing vulnerabilities in the routing logic itself, such as route injection or denial-of-service attacks through malformed URIs.
    • It is assumed that the build and deployment process for applications using fastroute will follow standard software development best practices, including version control, automated testing, and secure deployment procedures.