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attack-surface.md

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Attack Surface Analysis for snipe/snipe-it

Attack Surface: Privilege Escalation (User Management)

  • Description: An attacker with limited user privileges exploits a vulnerability to gain higher-level access (e.g., administrator).
  • Snipe-IT Contribution: Snipe-IT's role-based access control (RBAC) system, if flawed, can be bypassed. The complexity of managing users, permissions, and asset assignments creates potential vulnerabilities specific to the application's logic.
  • Example: A user with "view-only" access to assets exploits a bug in the Snipe-IT user profile update functionality (a component specific to Snipe-IT) to grant themselves "admin" privileges.
  • Impact: Complete system compromise; the attacker gains full control over all assets, data, and user accounts managed within Snipe-IT.
  • Risk Severity: Critical
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers:
      • Implement robust input validation and sanitization on all user input fields, especially those related to user roles and permissions within Snipe-IT's code.
      • Conduct thorough code reviews and security testing (including penetration testing) of the Snipe-IT RBAC system.
      • Follow the principle of least privilege (PoLP) in Snipe-IT's code design – only grant the minimum necessary permissions.
      • Regularly audit and review the Snipe-IT RBAC implementation.
      • Use a well-vetted and secure authorization library within the Snipe-IT codebase.
    • Users/Administrators:
      • Regularly review user roles and permissions within Snipe-IT, ensuring users have only the access they need.
      • Disable or delete inactive user accounts promptly within Snipe-IT.
      • Enforce strong password policies and multi-factor authentication (MFA), especially for administrative accounts accessing Snipe-IT.

Attack Surface: Unauthorized Asset Modification/Deletion (Asset Management)

  • Description: An attacker gains the ability to modify or delete asset records without proper authorization.
  • Snipe-IT Contribution: Snipe-IT's core function is managing asset data. Vulnerabilities in the create/update/delete workflows within Snipe-IT's code can be exploited. This is entirely within Snipe-IT's domain.
  • Example: An attacker exploits a SQL injection vulnerability in the Snipe-IT asset search functionality (a feature specific to Snipe-IT) to delete multiple asset records. Or, an attacker bypasses authorization checks on a Snipe-IT API endpoint to modify asset serial numbers.
  • Impact: Data loss, data integrity issues, financial loss (if assets are misrepresented), difficulty tracking assets, potential legal and compliance issues – all directly related to the data managed by Snipe-IT.
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers:
      • Implement strict input validation and sanitization on all asset-related data fields within Snipe-IT.
      • Use parameterized queries or an ORM to prevent SQL injection vulnerabilities in Snipe-IT's database interactions.
      • Implement robust authorization checks at every stage of the asset lifecycle (create, read, update, delete) within Snipe-IT's logic.
      • Implement comprehensive audit logging of all asset modifications and deletions, including the user responsible, within Snipe-IT.
    • Users/Administrators:
      • Regularly review audit logs within Snipe-IT for suspicious activity.
      • Implement a strong separation of duties – different users should be responsible for creating, approving, and deleting assets within Snipe-IT.

Attack Surface: API Authentication/Authorization Bypass (API Access)

  • Description: An attacker gains unauthorized access to the Snipe-IT API, bypassing authentication or authorization checks.
  • Snipe-IT Contribution: Snipe-IT provides a REST API for integration and automation. If not properly secured, this API provided by Snipe-IT becomes a major attack vector. This is entirely a Snipe-IT surface.
  • Example: An attacker discovers a Snipe-IT API endpoint that does not require an API key or uses a default/weak API key. They use this Snipe-IT endpoint to retrieve all asset data. Or, an attacker uses a valid Snipe-IT API key but exploits a flaw in the Snipe-IT authorization logic to access data they shouldn't.
  • Impact: Data breach, unauthorized asset manipulation, potential system compromise (if the Snipe-IT API allows administrative actions).
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers:
      • Require strong authentication (e.g., API keys, OAuth 2.0) for all Snipe-IT API endpoints.
      • Implement robust authorization checks for each Snipe-IT API endpoint, ensuring users can only access the data and perform the actions they are permitted to.
      • Implement rate limiting on the Snipe-IT API to prevent brute-force attacks and denial-of-service attacks.
      • Use a well-established API security framework within the Snipe-IT codebase.
      • Thoroughly document the Snipe-IT API and its security requirements.
    • Users/Administrators:
      • Generate strong, unique API keys for each application or integration using Snipe-IT.
      • Regularly rotate API keys used with Snipe-IT.
      • Monitor Snipe-IT API usage for suspicious activity.
      • Disable the Snipe-IT API if it's not needed.

Attack Surface: Injection Attacks (Custom Fields, Import Functionality)

  • Description: An attacker injects malicious code (e.g., SQL, JavaScript, shell commands) into the application through input fields.
  • Snipe-IT Contribution: Snipe-IT's custom fields and import functionality are particularly vulnerable if input validation and sanitization within Snipe-IT are inadequate. These are features specific to Snipe-IT.
  • Example:
    • XSS: An attacker enters JavaScript code into a Snipe-IT custom field (e.g., "Asset Description"). When another user views the asset within Snipe-IT, the script executes in their browser, potentially stealing their Snipe-IT session cookie.
    • SQL Injection: An attacker enters SQL code into a Snipe-IT custom field or an imported CSV file processed by Snipe-IT. When Snipe-IT processes this data, the malicious SQL code executes, potentially allowing the attacker to read, modify, or delete data within Snipe-IT's database.
  • Impact: Data breach, data corruption, cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks, potential system compromise (depending on the type of injection) – all impacting data and functionality within Snipe-IT.
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers:
      • Implement strict input validation and output encoding for all user-supplied data, especially in Snipe-IT's custom fields and import functionality.
      • Use parameterized queries or an ORM to prevent SQL injection within Snipe-IT's database interactions.
      • Use a Content Security Policy (CSP) to mitigate the impact of XSS attacks originating from Snipe-IT.
      • Sanitize imported data before processing it within Snipe-IT. Validate file types and contents.
      • Consider limiting the data types allowed in Snipe-IT's custom fields.
    • Users/Administrators:
      • Be cautious when importing data from untrusted sources into Snipe-IT.
      • Regularly review custom field definitions and usage within Snipe-IT.

Attack Surface: Account Takeover (User Management)

  • Description: Attackers gain access to legitimate user accounts within Snipe-IT, especially those with elevated privileges.
  • Snipe-IT Contribution: Snipe-IT's user management system, if not properly secured with strong authentication mechanisms, is susceptible to account takeover. This is entirely within Snipe-IT's domain.
  • Example: An attacker uses a combination of phishing and password reuse to gain access to a Snipe-IT administrator account.
  • Impact: Data breach, unauthorized asset manipulation, potential system compromise - all within the context of Snipe-IT.
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers:
      • Enforce strong password policies (length, complexity, and disallow common passwords) within Snipe-IT.
      • Implement and strongly encourage the use of multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all users, especially administrators, accessing Snipe-IT.
      • Provide secure password reset mechanisms that are resistant to abuse within Snipe-IT.
      • Implement account lockout policies to prevent brute-force attacks against Snipe-IT accounts.
      • Monitor for suspicious login activity within Snipe-IT.
    • Users/Administrators:
      • Use strong, unique passwords for all Snipe-IT accounts.
      • Enable MFA wherever possible within Snipe-IT.
      • Be vigilant against phishing attacks targeting Snipe-IT credentials.
      • Regularly review account activity within Snipe-IT.