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Attack Tree Analysis for symfony/console

Objective: Execute arbitrary commands on the server running the Symfony Console application.

Attack Tree Visualization

└── Compromise Symfony Console Application [CRITICAL NODE - ROOT GOAL] ├── OR ─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Command Injection Vulnerability [CRITICAL NODE] │ ├── AND ─ Identify Input Vector in Console Command │ │ └── OR ─ Command Argument │ │ └── OR ─ Command Option │ ├── AND ─ [CRITICAL NODE] Input Not Properly Sanitized/Validated │ │ └── OR ─ Lack of Input Sanitization │ │ └── OR ─ Insufficient Input Validation │ └── AND ─ [CRITICAL NODE] Command Construction Vulnerable to Injection │ └── OR ─ Using Shell Execution Directly with User Input │ └── OR ─ Improperly Escaping User Input in Shell Commands │ └── OR ─ Vulnerable External Command Invocation (e.g., exec, shell_exec, system) │ └── Actionable Insight: Implement robust input sanitization and validation... │ ├── OR ─ [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Logic Vulnerability in Command Handler [CRITICAL NODE] │ ├── AND ─ Identify Vulnerable Command Logic │ │ └── OR ─ Path Traversal Vulnerability [CRITICAL NODE - Path Traversal] │ │ │ ├── AND ─ Command Accepts File Path as Input │ │ │ └── AND ─ Insufficient Path Validation (e.g., allows "../") │ │ │ └── Actionable Insight: Implement strict path validation and sanitization... │ │ └── OR ─ Deserialization Vulnerability [CRITICAL NODE - Deserialization] │ │ │ ├── AND ─ Command Accepts Serialized Data as Input (Argument/Option) │ │ │ └── AND ─ Vulnerable Deserialization Process (e.g., unserialize in PHP with untrusted data) │ │ │ └── Actionable Insight: Avoid deserializing untrusted data... │ │ └── OR ─ File Upload Vulnerability [CRITICAL NODE - File Upload] │ │ │ ├── AND ─ Command Accepts File Upload as Input (Argument/Option) │ │ │ └── AND ─ Insufficient File Validation (e.g., allows malicious file types, no size limits) │ │ │ └── Actionable Insight: Implement robust file validation... │ │ └── Actionable Insight: Thoroughly review and test command logic... │ └── Actionable Insight: Conduct thorough code reviews and security testing...

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Command Injection Vulnerability [CRITICAL NODE]:

  • Attack Vector:
    • Attacker identifies a console command that takes user-controlled input as either:
      • Command Argument
      • Command Option
    • The application fails to properly sanitize or validate this input.
    • The vulnerable command constructs a shell command using this unsanitized input.
    • This construction is vulnerable to injection due to:
      • Using shell execution functions directly with user input (e.g., exec, shell_exec, system).
      • Improperly escaping user input when constructing shell commands.
      • Vulnerable external command invocation that doesn't handle input securely.
  • Impact: Critical - Arbitrary command execution on the server.
  • Mitigation Focus:
    • Robust Input Sanitization and Validation: Sanitize and validate all user input rigorously.
    • Secure Command Construction: Avoid direct shell execution. Use parameterized commands or secure libraries for external command invocation.

Attack Tree Path: [CRITICAL NODE] Input Not Properly Sanitized/Validated:

  • Attack Vector:
    • This is a foundational weakness that enables many other vulnerabilities.
    • It occurs when the application:
      • Lacks input sanitization entirely, directly using user input in operations.
      • Implements insufficient input validation, failing to catch malicious or unexpected input.
  • Impact: High - Enables Command Injection, Logic Vulnerabilities, and other issues.
  • Mitigation Focus:
    • Implement comprehensive input sanitization: Remove or escape potentially harmful characters from user input.
    • Implement strong input validation: Verify that input conforms to expected formats, types, and ranges. Use whitelisting where possible.

Attack Tree Path: [CRITICAL NODE] Command Construction Vulnerable to Injection:

  • Attack Vector:
    • Even with some input sanitization, the way commands are constructed can still be vulnerable.
    • Common vulnerable patterns include:
      • Directly concatenating user input into shell commands.
      • Using insecure escaping mechanisms that can be bypassed.
      • Relying on external commands that have their own vulnerabilities when handling input.
  • Impact: Critical - Leads directly to Command Injection.
  • Mitigation Focus:
    • Avoid direct shell execution: Use language-specific functions or libraries that provide safer ways to interact with the operating system.
    • Parameterization: Use parameterized commands where possible to separate commands from data.
    • Secure Libraries: Utilize libraries designed for secure command execution and external process management.

Attack Tree Path: [HIGH-RISK PATH] Exploit Logic Vulnerability in Command Handler [CRITICAL NODE]:

  • Attack Vector:
    • Attacker identifies vulnerabilities in the application's code logic within a console command handler.
    • Specific Logic Vulnerability Types (Critical Nodes within this path):
      • [CRITICAL NODE - Path Traversal]:
        • Command accepts file paths as input.
        • Insufficient path validation allows attackers to use ".." sequences to access files outside the intended directory.
        • Impact: High - File access, information disclosure, potentially file manipulation or even code execution if writable paths are reached.
        • Mitigation Focus: Strict path validation, use absolute paths, restrict access to specific directories, consider chroot.
      • [CRITICAL NODE - Deserialization]:
        • Command accepts serialized data as input (less common in direct console input, but possible via files or external sources).
        • Vulnerable deserialization process (e.g., unserialize in PHP with untrusted data) allows attackers to inject malicious code during deserialization.
        • Impact: Critical - Remote Code Execution (RCE).
        • Mitigation Focus: Avoid deserializing untrusted data, use secure deserialization methods, validate data structure before deserialization, prefer safer data formats like JSON.
      • [CRITICAL NODE - File Upload]:
        • Command accepts file uploads as input.
        • Insufficient file validation (e.g., allows malicious file types, no size limits, no content inspection) allows attackers to upload malicious files.
        • Impact: High - Remote Code Execution (if uploaded files can be executed), data manipulation, denial of service.
        • Mitigation Focus: Robust file validation (file type, size, content), store uploaded files securely outside web root, secure file handling practices, use dedicated file upload libraries with security features.
  • Impact: Critical - Can range from data breaches and manipulation to Remote Code Execution, depending on the specific logic vulnerability.
  • Mitigation Focus:
    • Thorough Code Reviews and Security Testing: Manually review command handler code for logic flaws. Perform dynamic testing with various inputs and scenarios.
    • Principle of Least Privilege: Design commands with minimal necessary privileges.
    • Secure Coding Practices: Follow secure coding guidelines to prevent common logic vulnerabilities.