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Threat Model Analysis for vlucas/phpdotenv

Threat: Exposure of Sensitive Environment Variables via .env File in Version Control

Description:

  • Attacker Action: An attacker gains access to a version control repository and obtains the .env file if it was mistakenly committed.
  • How: Developers might forget to exclude .env from version control, leading to accidental commits.

Impact:

  • Impact: Confidentiality breach. Exposed credentials can lead to full application compromise, data theft, and unauthorized access to related services.

phpdotenv Component Affected:

Usage Pattern / Configuration (how developers use .env files with phpdotenv).

Risk Severity:

High

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Strictly use .gitignore to exclude .env files.
  • Implement pre-commit hooks to prevent .env commits.
  • Conduct code reviews for accidental .env inclusion.
  • Educate developers on secure .env handling.

Threat: Exposure of Sensitive Environment Variables via World-Readable .env File on Server

Description:

  • Attacker Action: An attacker with server access reads the .env file if file permissions are overly permissive.
  • How: System misconfiguration or improper deployment practices result in world-readable .env files.

Impact:

  • Impact: Confidentiality breach. Exposed credentials allow attackers to compromise the server, application, and backend systems.

phpdotenv Component Affected:

Deployment / Server Configuration (how .env file permissions are set on the server).

Risk Severity:

High

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Set restrictive file permissions on .env (e.g., chmod 600 .env).
  • Store .env outside the web server's document root.
  • Regularly audit server file permissions.

Threat: Exposure of Sensitive Environment Variables via Web Server Misconfiguration (Serving .env file)

Description:

  • Attacker Action: An attacker directly requests the .env file via the web server if misconfigured.
  • How: Web server fails to block access to dotfiles, serving .env as a static file.

Impact:

  • Impact: Confidentiality breach. Direct download of .env exposes all secrets, leading to critical application and infrastructure compromise.

phpdotenv Component Affected:

Deployment / Web Server Configuration (web server's handling of static files and dotfiles).

Risk Severity:

Critical

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Configure web server to explicitly deny access to .env files.
  • Regularly audit web server configurations for security.
  • Implement web server hardening best practices.

Threat: Dependency Vulnerabilities in phpdotenv

Description:

  • Attacker Action: An attacker exploits a security vulnerability found within the phpdotenv library itself.
  • How: phpdotenv library contains a vulnerability (e.g., in parsing logic) that attackers can trigger.

Impact:

  • Impact: Potentially critical, ranging from information disclosure to remote code execution, depending on the vulnerability. Could lead to full server and application compromise.

phpdotenv Component Affected:

Library itself (core parsing logic, or any vulnerable function).

Risk Severity:

High to Critical (depending on the specific vulnerability)

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Regularly update phpdotenv to the latest version.
  • Monitor security advisories for phpdotenv.
  • Use dependency scanning tools to detect vulnerable versions.