BUSINESS POSTURE

Business Priorities and Goals:
Priority 1: Rapid Web Application Development. Django is designed to make it easy and fast for developers to build web applications.
Priority 2: Robust and Scalable Applications. Applications built with Django should be reliable, performant, and able to handle increasing user loads.
Priority 3: Secure Web Applications. Django aims to provide a secure foundation for web applications, protecting against common web vulnerabilities.
Priority 4: Maintainable Codebase. Django promotes good coding practices and project structure to ensure long-term maintainability.
Business Risks:
Risk 1: Security vulnerabilities in applications built using Django could lead to data breaches, reputational damage, and financial losses.
Risk 2: Performance bottlenecks in Django applications could result in poor user experience and loss of users.
Risk 3: Complex or poorly designed Django applications can become difficult to maintain and update, increasing development costs and time.
Risk 4: Misconfiguration of Django or its deployment environment can introduce security vulnerabilities or performance issues.

SECURITY POSTURE

Existing Security Controls:
security control: CSRF protection - Implemented by default in Django forms and templates. Described in Django documentation on CSRF protection.
security control: XSS protection - Django's template engine escapes HTML by default, mitigating XSS attacks. Described in Django documentation on template security.
security control: SQL injection prevention - Django's ORM uses parameterized queries, preventing SQL injection. Described in Django documentation on database access.
security control: User authentication and authorization - Django provides built-in user authentication and authorization frameworks. Described in Django documentation on authentication and permissions.
security control: Password hashing - Django uses strong password hashing algorithms by default. Described in Django documentation on password management.
security control: Security middleware - Django includes security middleware to provide basic security headers and protections. Described in Django documentation on security middleware.
Accepted Risks:
accepted risk: Vulnerabilities in third-party packages used in Django projects. Mitigation relies on dependency scanning and updates.
accepted risk: Misconfiguration of Django security settings by developers. Mitigation relies on security training and best practices documentation.
accepted risk: Zero-day vulnerabilities in Django framework itself. Mitigation relies on Django security team's responsiveness and patching process.
accepted risk: Security issues arising from custom code developed within Django projects. Mitigation relies on secure coding practices and code reviews.
Recommended Security Controls:
security control: Static Application Security Testing (SAST) - Implement SAST tools to scan Django code for potential vulnerabilities during development.
security control: Software Composition Analysis (SCA) - Implement SCA tools to scan project dependencies for known vulnerabilities.
security control: Penetration testing - Conduct regular penetration testing to identify vulnerabilities in deployed Django applications.
security control: Security training for developers - Provide security training to Django developers to promote secure coding practices.
security control: Security audits - Conduct periodic security audits of Django applications and infrastructure.
Security Requirements:
Authentication:
Requirement: Securely authenticate users accessing Django applications.
Requirement: Support for various authentication methods (e.g., username/password, multi-factor authentication).
Requirement: Protection against brute-force attacks on authentication mechanisms.
Authorization:
Requirement: Implement role-based access control to restrict access to resources and functionalities based on user roles.
Requirement: Enforce least privilege principle in authorization policies.
Requirement: Audit authorization decisions for security monitoring and compliance.
Input Validation:
Requirement: Validate all user inputs to prevent injection attacks (e.g., SQL injection, command injection, XSS).
Requirement: Sanitize user inputs before displaying them to prevent XSS vulnerabilities.
Requirement: Use Django's form validation features to enforce data integrity.
Cryptography:
Requirement: Use cryptography to protect sensitive data at rest and in transit.
Requirement: Implement HTTPS for all communication to protect data in transit.
Requirement: Securely store cryptographic keys and secrets.
Requirement: Use appropriate encryption algorithms and key lengths for data at rest.

DESIGN

C4 CONTEXT

flowchart LR
   subgraph Django Project Context
       direction LR
       A["Web User"] -- "HTTP Requests" --> B(Django Application)
       B -- "Database Queries" --> C["Database System"]
       B -- "Static Files Requests" --> D["Web Server"]
       B -- "Email Notifications" --> E["Email Service"]
       F["Developer"] -- "Code Changes" --> G(Django Repository)
       G -- "Deployment Configuration" --> H["Deployment Platform"]
       B -- "Logging" --> I["Logging System"]
   end

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C4 CONTEXT Elements:
Element:
Name: Web User
Type: Person
Description: End-users who interact with the Django web application through web browsers or other clients.
Responsibilities: Accessing and using the functionalities provided by the Django application.
Security controls: Authentication to access protected resources, authorization to perform specific actions, input validation on user-provided data.
Element:
Name: Django Application
Type: Software System
Description: The Django web application itself, built using the Django framework. It handles HTTP requests, business logic, and interacts with other systems.
Responsibilities: Handling user requests, implementing business logic, managing data, rendering web pages, interacting with databases and other services.
Security controls: Input validation, output encoding, authentication, authorization, session management, CSRF protection, XSS protection, SQL injection prevention, security middleware, logging and monitoring.
Element:
Name: Database System
Type: Software System
Description: Database system (e.g., PostgreSQL, MySQL) used by the Django application to store and retrieve data.
Responsibilities: Storing application data, providing data persistence, ensuring data integrity and availability.
Security controls: Database access control, encryption at rest, regular backups, vulnerability patching, database firewall.
Element:
Name: Web Server
Type: Software System
Description: Web server (e.g., Nginx, Apache) that serves static files and potentially acts as a reverse proxy for the Django application.
Responsibilities: Serving static files (CSS, JavaScript, images), handling SSL/TLS termination, load balancing, reverse proxying requests to the Django application.
Security controls: Web server hardening, access control, SSL/TLS configuration, DDoS protection, regular security updates.
Element:
Name: Email Service
Type: Software System
Description: External email service (e.g., SMTP server, SendGrid, Mailgun) used by the Django application to send emails (e.g., password resets, notifications).
Responsibilities: Sending emails on behalf of the Django application.
Security controls: Secure SMTP configuration, API key management, rate limiting, SPF/DKIM/DMARC configuration.
Element:
Name: Developer
Type: Person
Description: Software developers who write, maintain, and deploy the Django application.
Responsibilities: Developing new features, fixing bugs, maintaining the codebase, deploying updates, ensuring application security.
Security controls: Secure coding practices, code reviews, access control to code repositories and deployment environments, security training.
Element:
Name: Django Repository
Type: Software System
Description: Version control system (e.g., GitHub) where the Django project source code is stored and managed.
Responsibilities: Storing source code, tracking changes, facilitating collaboration among developers, managing project history.
Security controls: Access control to the repository, branch protection, code review process, vulnerability scanning of dependencies.
Element:
Name: Deployment Platform
Type: Software System
Description: Platform where the Django application is deployed and run (e.g., cloud provider, on-premises servers).
Responsibilities: Hosting the application, providing infrastructure resources, managing application runtime environment.
Security controls: Infrastructure security, access control, network security, operating system hardening, security monitoring.
Element:
Name: Logging System
Type: Software System
Description: System for collecting, storing, and analyzing logs generated by the Django application and its components.
Responsibilities: Centralized logging, security monitoring, troubleshooting, auditing.
Security controls: Secure log storage, access control to logs, log integrity protection, log analysis and alerting.
C4 CONTAINER

flowchart LR
   subgraph Django Application Container Diagram
       direction LR
       A["Web User"] -- "HTTP Requests" --> B(Web Server Container)
       B -- "Reverse Proxy/Static Files" --> C(Django Application Container)
       C -- "Database Queries" --> D(Database Container)
       C -- "Cache Operations" --> E(Cache Container)
       C -- "Email Sending" --> F(Email Service)
   end

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C4 CONTAINER Elements:
Element:
Name: Web Server Container
Type: Container
Description: Container running a web server (e.g., Nginx, Apache) responsible for serving static files, handling SSL/TLS termination, and reverse proxying requests to the Django application container.
Responsibilities: Serving static content, handling HTTPS, load balancing, routing requests to the application container.
Security controls: Web server hardening, SSL/TLS configuration, access control, rate limiting, DDoS protection.
Element:
Name: Django Application Container
Type: Container
Description: Container running the Django application code (Python, Django framework, application logic). This container processes requests, interacts with the database and cache, and renders responses.
Responsibilities: Handling application logic, processing user requests, interacting with the database and cache, rendering dynamic content.
Security controls: Input validation, output encoding, authentication, authorization, session management, CSRF protection, XSS protection, SQL injection prevention, security middleware, application-level firewall (if applicable).
Element:
Name: Database Container
Type: Container
Description: Container running the database system (e.g., PostgreSQL, MySQL) used by the Django application.
Responsibilities: Storing and managing application data, providing data persistence and integrity.
Security controls: Database access control, database hardening, encryption at rest, regular backups, vulnerability patching, database firewall.
Element:
Name: Cache Container
Type: Container
Description: Container running a caching system (e.g., Redis, Memcached) to improve application performance by caching frequently accessed data.
Responsibilities: Caching data to reduce database load and improve response times.
Security controls: Cache access control, secure configuration, data encryption if caching sensitive data.
Element:
Name: Email Service
Type: External System
Description: External email service used by the Django application to send emails.
Responsibilities: Sending emails.
Security controls: Secure API key management, secure SMTP configuration, rate limiting, SPF/DKIM/DMARC configuration.
DEPLOYMENT
Deployment Architecture Options:
Option 1: Traditional Server Deployment - Deploying Django application directly on virtual machines or physical servers.
Option 2: Containerized Deployment - Deploying Django application and its dependencies within Docker containers, orchestrated by Kubernetes or Docker Compose.
Option 3: Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) Deployment - Deploying Django application to a PaaS provider like Heroku, AWS Elastic Beanstalk, or Google App Engine.
Detailed Deployment Architecture (Containerized Deployment with Kubernetes):

flowchart LR
   subgraph Kubernetes Cluster
       direction TB
       A[Load Balancer] -- "HTTP/HTTPS" --> B{Ingress Controller}
       B -- "HTTP" --> C{Kubernetes Services}
       subgraph Pods
           direction LR
           D[Web Server Pod]
           E[Django App Pod]
           F[Database Pod]
           G[Cache Pod]
       end
       C -- "Service: web-server-service" --> D
       C -- "Service: django-app-service" --> E
       C -- "Service: database-service" --> F
       C -- "Service: cache-service" --> G
       H[Persistent Volume] -- "Data Storage" --> F
   end
   I[External User] -- "Internet" --> A

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DEPLOYMENT Elements:
Element:
Name: Kubernetes Cluster
Type: Infrastructure
Description: Kubernetes cluster providing container orchestration and management for the Django application.
Responsibilities: Container orchestration, scaling, health monitoring, service discovery, resource management.
Security controls: Kubernetes RBAC, network policies, pod security policies, security audits, vulnerability scanning of Kubernetes components.
Element:
Name: Load Balancer
Type: Infrastructure Component
Description: Cloud provider's load balancer distributing incoming traffic across Ingress Controllers.
Responsibilities: Load balancing, traffic distribution, SSL/TLS termination.
Security controls: DDoS protection, SSL/TLS configuration, access control, rate limiting.
Element:
Name: Ingress Controller
Type: Container
Description: Ingress controller within the Kubernetes cluster routing external requests to the appropriate Kubernetes services.
Responsibilities: Routing traffic based on rules, providing entry point to the cluster, potentially handling SSL/TLS termination within the cluster.
Security controls: Ingress controller hardening, access control, rate limiting, web application firewall (WAF) integration.
Element:
Name: Kubernetes Services
Type: Kubernetes Resource
Description: Kubernetes Services abstracting access to sets of pods, providing stable endpoints for inter-pod communication and external access.
Responsibilities: Service discovery, load balancing within the cluster, providing stable network endpoints.
Security controls: Network policies to restrict traffic between services, service account security.
Element:
Name: Web Server Pod
Type: Pod
Description: Kubernetes Pod running the Web Server Container.
Responsibilities: Serving static files, reverse proxying to Django application pods.
Security controls: Container security, resource limits, security context.
Element:
Name: Django App Pod
Type: Pod
Description: Kubernetes Pod running the Django Application Container.
Responsibilities: Handling application logic, processing requests, interacting with database and cache pods.
Security controls: Container security, resource limits, security context, application-level security controls.
Element:
Name: Database Pod
Type: Pod
Description: Kubernetes Pod running the Database Container.
Responsibilities: Database management, data storage.
Security controls: Container security, resource limits, security context, database security controls, persistent volume security.
Element:
Name: Cache Pod
Type: Pod
Description: Kubernetes Pod running the Cache Container.
Responsibilities: Caching data.
Security controls: Container security, resource limits, security context, cache security controls.
Element:
Name: Persistent Volume
Type: Kubernetes Resource
Description: Kubernetes Persistent Volume providing persistent storage for the Database Pod.
Responsibilities: Persistent data storage for the database.
Security controls: Access control to persistent volume, encryption at rest (if supported by infrastructure).
BUILD

flowchart LR
   A[Developer] -- "Code Commit" --> B[Version Control System (e.g., GitHub)]
   B -- "Webhook Trigger" --> C[CI/CD Pipeline (e.g., GitHub Actions)]
   C -- "Checkout Code" --> D[Build Stage]
   D -- "Run Tests, Linters, SAST" --> E[Test & Security Stage]
   E -- "Build Container Image" --> F[Container Image Build Stage]
   F -- "Push Image to Registry" --> G[Container Registry (e.g., Docker Hub, AWS ECR)]
   G -- "Deployment Trigger" --> H[Deployment System (e.g., Kubernetes)]
   H -- "Deploy Application" --> I[Production Environment]

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BUILD Elements:
Element:
Name: Developer
Type: Person
Description: Software developer writing and committing code changes.
Responsibilities: Writing code, committing changes, initiating the build process.
Security controls: Secure development environment, code signing (optional).
Element:
Name: Version Control System (e.g., GitHub)
Type: Software System
Description: System for managing source code and tracking changes.
Responsibilities: Storing source code, managing versions, triggering build pipelines.
Security controls: Access control, branch protection, audit logs.
Element:
Name: CI/CD Pipeline (e.g., GitHub Actions)
Type: Software System
Description: Automated CI/CD pipeline for building, testing, and deploying the Django application.
Responsibilities: Automating build, test, and deployment processes, running security checks.
Security controls: Secure pipeline configuration, secret management, access control to pipeline, audit logs.
Element:
Name: Build Stage
Type: Pipeline Stage
Description: Stage in the CI/CD pipeline where the application is built (e.g., dependencies are installed, static files are collected).
Responsibilities: Compiling code (if necessary), installing dependencies, preparing build artifacts.
Security controls: Dependency scanning, build environment security.
Element:
Name: Test & Security Stage
Type: Pipeline Stage
Description: Stage in the CI/CD pipeline where automated tests are run (unit tests, integration tests) and security checks are performed (SAST, linters).
Responsibilities: Running tests, performing static analysis, identifying potential vulnerabilities.
Security controls: SAST tools, linters, test coverage, security test reports.
Element:
Name: Container Image Build Stage
Type: Pipeline Stage
Description: Stage in the CI/CD pipeline where a container image for the Django application is built.
Responsibilities: Building container image, including application code and dependencies.
Security controls: Base image security, container image scanning, minimal image creation.
Element:
Name: Container Registry (e.g., Docker Hub, AWS ECR)
Type: Software System
Description: Registry for storing and managing container images.
Responsibilities: Storing container images, providing access to images for deployment.
Security controls: Access control, image scanning, vulnerability scanning, image signing (optional).
Element:
Name: Deployment System (e.g., Kubernetes)
Type: Software System
Description: System responsible for deploying and managing the application in the production environment.
Responsibilities: Deploying application, managing application instances, scaling, monitoring.
Security controls: Deployment automation, infrastructure as code, access control to deployment system.
Element:
Name: Production Environment
Type: Environment
Description: Target environment where the Django application is running and serving users.
Responsibilities: Running the application, serving user requests.
Security controls: Runtime security controls, infrastructure security, monitoring and logging.

RISK ASSESSMENT

Critical Business Processes:
Process 1: User Authentication and Session Management - Ensuring only authorized users can access the application and maintain secure sessions.
Process 2: Data Storage and Retrieval - Securely storing and retrieving application data, including user data and business data.
Process 3: Handling User Input - Processing user input safely to prevent injection attacks and ensure data integrity.
Process 4: Application Availability - Maintaining application uptime and performance to ensure business continuity.
Data Sensitivity:
Data 1: User Credentials (passwords, usernames) - Highly sensitive. Requires strong encryption and access control.
Data 2: User Personal Information (email, profile data) - Sensitive. Requires protection against unauthorized access and disclosure.
Data 3: Application Data (business logic data) - Sensitivity depends on the specific application. May contain confidential or proprietary information. Requires appropriate access control and protection.
Data 4: Logs and Audit Trails - Moderately sensitive. Contains information about application activity and security events. Requires secure storage and access control for auditing and security monitoring.

QUESTIONS & ASSUMPTIONS

Questions:
Question 1: What is the specific business criticality of the Django application? (e.g., mission-critical, business-critical, non-critical).
Question 2: What type of data will the Django application be processing and storing? (e.g., PII, financial data, health data).
Question 3: What is the expected user base and traffic volume for the Django application?
Question 4: What are the specific compliance requirements for the Django application (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA, PCI DSS)?
Question 5: What is the organization's risk appetite for security vulnerabilities in the Django application?
Question 6: What is the existing security infrastructure and tooling available for the Django project?
Question 7: What is the team's current level of Django and security expertise?
Assumptions:
Assumption 1: The Django application is a web application serving external users over the internet.
Assumption 2: Security is a significant concern for the Django application.
Assumption 3: The Django application will be deployed in a containerized environment using Kubernetes.
Assumption 4: A CI/CD pipeline will be used for building and deploying the Django application.
Assumption 5: The organization is willing to invest in security controls to protect the Django application and its data.
Assumption 6: Developers are expected to follow secure coding practices and utilize Django's built-in security features.

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BUSINESS POSTURE

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BUSINESS POSTURE

SECURITY POSTURE

DESIGN

RISK ASSESSMENT

QUESTIONS & ASSUMPTIONS