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Attack Tree Analysis for mozilla/addons-server

Objective: Compromise application using addons-server to gain unauthorized access and control.

Attack Tree Visualization

Compromise Application via addons-server [CRITICAL NODE]
├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 1. Exploit Vulnerabilities in addons-server Application Logic [CRITICAL NODE]
│   ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 1.1. Web Application Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   ├───(AND) 1.1.2. Exploit Identified Vulnerability [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   └───(THEN) 1.1.3. Achieve Application Compromise [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       ├───(OR) 1.1.3.1. Gain unauthorized access to sensitive data (user data, application secrets) [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       ├───(OR) 1.1.3.2. Modify application data or functionality [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       └───(OR) 1.1.3.3. Achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) on the server [CRITICAL NODE]
│   ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 1.2. API Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   ├───(AND) 1.2.2. Exploit Identified API Vulnerability [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   └───(THEN) 1.2.3. Achieve Application Compromise [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       ├───(OR) 1.2.3.1. Gain unauthorized access to sensitive data (user data, application secrets) [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       ├───(OR) 1.2.3.2. Modify application data or functionality [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       └───(OR) 1.2.3.3. Achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) on the server [CRITICAL NODE]
│   ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 1.3. Dependency Vulnerabilities [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   ├───(AND) 1.3.2. Exploit Vulnerability in Dependency [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │   └───(THEN) 1.3.3. Achieve Application Compromise [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       ├───(OR) 1.3.3.1. Gain unauthorized access to sensitive data (user data, application secrets) [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       ├───(OR) 1.3.3.2. Modify application data or functionality [CRITICAL NODE]
│   │       └───(OR) 1.3.3.3. Achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) on the server [CRITICAL NODE]
│   └───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 1.4. Insecure Configuration of addons-server [CRITICAL NODE]
│       ├───(AND) 1.4.2. Exploit Insecure Configuration [CRITICAL NODE]
│       └───(THEN) 1.4.3. Achieve Application Compromise [CRITICAL NODE]
│           ├───(OR) 1.4.3.1. Gain unauthorized access to sensitive data (user data, application secrets) [CRITICAL NODE]
│           ├───(OR) 1.4.3.2. Modify application data or functionality [CRITICAL NODE]
│           └───(OR) 1.4.3.3. Achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) on the server [CRITICAL NODE]
└───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 2. Malicious Addon Injection & Exploitation [CRITICAL NODE]
    ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 2.1. Bypass Addon Validation Mechanisms [CRITICAL NODE]
    │   ├───(AND) 2.1.2. Craft Malicious Addon to bypass validation [CRITICAL NODE]
    │   └───(THEN) 2.1.3. Successfully Upload Malicious Addon [CRITICAL NODE]
    ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 2.2. Social Engineering/Compromise Admin Account to Upload Malicious Addon [CRITICAL NODE]
    │   ├───(AND) 2.2.1. Compromise Admin Account Credentials [CRITICAL NODE]
    │   └───(THEN) 2.2.2. Upload Malicious Addon using compromised admin account [CRITICAL NODE]
    ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 2.3. Supply Chain Attack - Compromise Legitimate Addon Developer Account [CRITICAL NODE]
    │   ├───(AND) 2.3.1. Compromise Developer Account Credentials [CRITICAL NODE]
    │   └───(THEN) 2.3.2. Upload Malicious Addon or Update Legitimate Addon with Malicious Code using compromised developer account [CRITICAL NODE]
    └───(THEN) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 2.4. Exploit Malicious Addon Functionality [CRITICAL NODE]
        ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 2.4.1. Code Execution in User Browsers [CRITICAL NODE]
        │   ├───(AND) 2.4.1.1. Inject malicious JavaScript code into web pages visited by users [CRITICAL NODE]
        ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 2.4.2. Data Exfiltration from User Browsers [CRITICAL NODE]
        │   ├───(AND) 2.4.2.1. Steal user credentials, cookies, browsing history, form data [CRITICAL NODE]
        ├───(OR) [HIGH-RISK PATH] 2.4.3. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via Addon [CRITICAL NODE]
        │   ├───(AND) 2.4.3.1. Inject malicious scripts into web pages through addon functionality [CRITICAL NODE]

Attack Tree Path: 1. Exploit Vulnerabilities in addons-server Application Logic [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Exploiting Web Application Vulnerabilities (1.1) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
      • Attack Vectors:
        • SQL Injection: Injecting malicious SQL queries to manipulate database operations, potentially leading to data breaches, data modification, or authentication bypass.
        • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): Injecting malicious scripts into web pages served by addons-server, targeting users' browsers to steal cookies, redirect users, or deface websites.
        • Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF): Forcing authenticated users to perform unintended actions on addons-server, such as modifying settings or uploading malicious addons.
        • Authentication Bypass: Circumventing authentication mechanisms to gain unauthorized access to administrative or user accounts.
        • Insecure Deserialization: Exploiting vulnerabilities in deserialization processes to execute arbitrary code on the server.
        • Command Injection: Injecting malicious commands into the server's operating system through vulnerable input fields or parameters.
    • Exploiting API Vulnerabilities (1.2) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
      • Attack Vectors:
        • Authentication and Authorization Flaws: Bypassing or weakening API authentication and authorization mechanisms to gain unauthorized access to API endpoints and data.
        • Data Exposure: Exploiting vulnerabilities that lead to unintentional exposure of sensitive data through API responses.
        • API Injection: Injecting malicious payloads into API requests to manipulate server-side logic or data.
        • Rate Limiting Bypass: Circumventing rate limits to perform excessive API requests, potentially leading to denial of service or brute-force attacks.
    • Exploiting Dependency Vulnerabilities (1.3) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
      • Attack Vectors:
        • Leveraging known exploits for vulnerabilities in third-party libraries and frameworks used by addons-server.
        • Triggering vulnerable code paths in dependencies through specific addons-server functionalities.
    • Exploiting Insecure Configuration of addons-server (1.4) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
      • Attack Vectors:
        • Default Credentials: Using default usernames and passwords for administrative accounts.
        • Weak Passwords: Brute-forcing weak passwords for administrative or user accounts.
        • Exposed Admin Interfaces: Accessing administrative interfaces that are not properly protected or exposed to the public internet.
        • Misconfigured Security Headers: Exploiting missing or misconfigured security headers that weaken application security (e.g., missing Content Security Policy, X-Frame-Options).
        • Verbose Error Messages: Exploiting overly detailed error messages that reveal sensitive information about the application or infrastructure.

Attack Tree Path: 2. Malicious Addon Injection & Exploitation [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:

  • Attack Vectors:
    • Bypassing Addon Validation Mechanisms (2.1) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
      • Attack Vectors:
        • Crafting Malicious Addon to bypass validation (2.1.2) [CRITICAL NODE]:
          • Obfuscating malicious code within the addon to evade static analysis.
          • Utilizing allowed addon features for malicious purposes, such as abusing permissions or APIs.
          • Exploiting weaknesses in the validation logic itself (e.g., race conditions, time-of-check-time-of-use vulnerabilities).
    • Social Engineering/Compromise Admin Account to Upload Malicious Addon (2.2) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
      • Attack Vectors:
        • Compromise Admin Account Credentials (2.2.1) [CRITICAL NODE]:
          • Phishing attacks targeting administrators to steal their credentials.
          • Credential stuffing attacks using leaked credentials from other breaches.
          • Exploiting vulnerabilities in admin login mechanisms (e.g., authentication bypass, brute-force vulnerabilities).
    • Supply Chain Attack - Compromise Legitimate Addon Developer Account (2.3) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
      • Attack Vectors:
        • Compromise Developer Account Credentials (2.3.1) [CRITICAL NODE]:
          • Similar attack vectors as compromising admin accounts (phishing, credential stuffing, vulnerabilities).
    • Exploit Malicious Addon Functionality (2.4) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
      • Attack Vectors:
        • Code Execution in User Browsers (2.4.1) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
          • Injecting malicious JavaScript code into web pages visited by users through the addon.
          • Exploiting browser vulnerabilities through malicious addon code.
        • Data Exfiltration from User Browsers (2.4.2) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
          • Stealing user credentials, cookies, browsing history, form data, and other sensitive information from the browser.
          • Exfiltrating stolen data to attacker-controlled servers.
        • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via Addon (2.4.3) [CRITICAL NODE, HIGH-RISK PATH]:
          • Injecting malicious scripts into web pages through addon functionality, leading to XSS attacks.