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BUSINESS POSTURE

  • Business Priorities and Goals:

  • Goal: To provide developers with a simple and efficient way to manage and run Procfile-based applications locally, mimicking a production-like environment.

  • Priority: Ease of use and developer productivity.

  • Priority: Consistency between development and production environments.

  • Priority: Support for various application types and dependencies managed through Procfiles.

  • Business Risks:

  • Risk: Misconfiguration of local development environments leading to discrepancies with production, causing deployment issues.

  • Risk: Security vulnerabilities in Foreman itself or its dependencies could expose developer machines or local development environments.

  • Risk: Lack of standardization in development environments across teams can lead to inconsistencies and collaboration challenges.

  • Risk: Potential for developers to inadvertently expose sensitive data if Foreman is not properly secured or configured.

SECURITY POSTURE

  • Existing Security Controls:

  • security control: Operating system level security controls on developer machines (e.g., user permissions, firewalls). Implemented by: Operating System.

  • security control: Network security controls on developer networks (e.g., firewalls, network segmentation). Implemented by: Network Infrastructure.

  • security control: Code review processes for contributions to the Foreman project itself. Implemented by: Foreman project maintainers (GitHub repository).

  • accepted risk: Reliance on developer machines' security posture, which can vary significantly.

  • accepted risk: Potential vulnerabilities in third-party dependencies used by Foreman.

  • Recommended Security Controls:

  • security control: Dependency scanning for Foreman and its dependencies to identify and mitigate known vulnerabilities.

  • security control: Regular security audits of Foreman codebase to identify potential security flaws.

  • security control: Secure configuration guidelines for Foreman to minimize potential security risks.

  • security control: Least privilege principle applied to Foreman processes and file system access.

  • security control: Consider signing releases of Foreman to ensure integrity and authenticity.

  • Security Requirements:

  • Authentication:

  • Requirement: Foreman itself does not require user authentication as it is primarily a local development tool.

  • Requirement: If Foreman is extended or used in a shared development environment, consider adding authentication mechanisms to control access.

  • Authorization:

  • Requirement: Foreman should operate with the least privileges necessary to manage processes and access required resources.

  • Requirement: Access to Foreman configuration and control should be limited to authorized developers.

  • Input Validation:

  • Requirement: Foreman should validate inputs from Procfiles and command-line arguments to prevent injection attacks or unexpected behavior.

  • Requirement: Handle errors and exceptions gracefully to avoid exposing sensitive information.

  • Cryptography:

  • Requirement: Cryptography is not a primary requirement for Foreman in its core functionality as a local process manager.

  • Requirement: If Foreman is extended to handle sensitive data or network communication, appropriate cryptographic measures should be implemented to protect data in transit and at rest.

DESIGN

C4 CONTEXT

graph LR
    subgraph "Development Environment"
        A["Developer"]
        B["Foreman"]
    end
    C["Procfile"]
    D["Operating System"]
    E["Application Processes"]

    A --> B
    B --> C
    B --> D
    B --> E
    C --> B
    D --> B
    E --> D

    linkStyle 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Elements of Context Diagram:
    • Name: Developer
    • Type: Person
    • Description: A software developer who uses Foreman to manage and run applications locally during development.
    • Responsibilities: Defines application processes in a Procfile, interacts with Foreman to start, stop, and manage these processes.
    • Security controls: Operating system user account controls, strong passwords, multi-factor authentication for developer accounts (managed by the organization, outside of Foreman).
    • Name: Foreman
    • Type: Software System
    • Description: A Ruby gem that manages Procfile-based applications, allowing developers to easily run and manage multiple processes locally.
    • Responsibilities: Parses Procfile, starts and stops application processes, manages process lifecycle, forwards signals, provides basic process monitoring.
    • Security controls: Input validation of Procfile content, least privilege execution of managed processes, dependency scanning, code reviews.
    • Name: Procfile
    • Type: Configuration File
    • Description: A text file that specifies the types of processes required to run an application.
    • Responsibilities: Defines process commands, dependencies, and startup behavior for Foreman to manage.
    • Security controls: File system permissions to restrict access to Procfile, input validation by Foreman when parsing Procfile content.
    • Name: Operating System
    • Type: Infrastructure
    • Description: The operating system (e.g., macOS, Linux, Windows) on which Foreman and the application processes are executed.
    • Responsibilities: Provides the runtime environment for Foreman and application processes, manages system resources, enforces security policies.
    • Security controls: User account management, access control lists, firewalls, security patches, system hardening.
    • Name: Application Processes
    • Type: Software System
    • Description: The individual processes defined in the Procfile that constitute the application being developed and managed by Foreman.
    • Responsibilities: Execute the application logic, interact with system resources, and provide the application's functionality.
    • Security controls: Application-level security controls (authentication, authorization, input validation within the application code itself), process isolation provided by the operating system.

C4 CONTAINER

graph LR
    subgraph "Developer Machine"
        subgraph "Foreman Container"
            A["Foreman Process"]
            B["Process Manager"]
            C["Procfile Parser"]
            D["Signal Handler"]
            E["Logger"]
        end
        F["Procfile"]
        G["Operating System"]
        H["Application Processes"]
    end

    A --> B
    A --> C
    A --> D
    A --> E
    B --> H
    C --> F
    D --> H
    E --> G
    F --> C
    G --> A
    H --> G

    linkStyle 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Elements of Container Diagram:
    • Name: Foreman Process
    • Type: Process
    • Description: The main Ruby process running the Foreman application. It orchestrates all other components within the Foreman container.
    • Responsibilities: Initializes and manages Foreman components, handles user commands, and coordinates process management.
    • Security controls: Input validation, error handling, logging, least privilege execution.
    • Name: Process Manager
    • Type: Component
    • Description: Responsible for starting, stopping, and monitoring application processes defined in the Procfile.
    • Responsibilities: Process lifecycle management, process monitoring, signal forwarding.
    • Security controls: Process isolation (provided by OS), resource management, secure process execution.
    • Name: Procfile Parser
    • Type: Component
    • Description: Parses the Procfile to extract process definitions and commands.
    • Responsibilities: Reads and interprets Procfile syntax, validates process definitions.
    • Security controls: Input validation of Procfile content, secure file handling.
    • Name: Signal Handler
    • Type: Component
    • Description: Handles signals (e.g., SIGINT, SIGTERM) sent to Foreman and forwards them to managed application processes.
    • Responsibilities: Graceful shutdown of application processes, signal propagation.
    • Security controls: Secure signal handling, preventing signal injection vulnerabilities.
    • Name: Logger
    • Type: Component
    • Description: Handles logging of Foreman events and process output.
    • Responsibilities: Logs events, errors, and process output for debugging and monitoring.
    • Security controls: Secure logging practices, preventing log injection vulnerabilities, log rotation and management.
    • Name: Procfile
    • Type: Configuration File
    • Description: Same as in Context Diagram.
    • Responsibilities: Same as in Context Diagram.
    • Security controls: Same as in Context Diagram.
    • Name: Operating System
    • Type: Infrastructure
    • Description: Same as in Context Diagram.
    • Responsibilities: Same as in Context Diagram.
    • Security controls: Same as in Context Diagram.
    • Name: Application Processes
    • Type: Process
    • Description: Same as in Context Diagram.
    • Responsibilities: Same as in Context Diagram.
    • Security controls: Same as in Context Diagram.

DEPLOYMENT

  • Deployment Architecture:
  • Foreman is primarily a development tool and is not typically deployed in a production environment in the same way as an application. However, it is deployed on developer machines. We will describe the deployment on a developer's local machine.
graph LR
    subgraph "Developer Machine"
        A["Operating System"]
        subgraph "Foreman Environment"
            B["Foreman Executable"]
            C["Ruby Runtime"]
            D["Dependencies (Gems)"]
            E["Procfile"]
            F["Application Processes"]
        end
    end

    A --> B
    A --> C
    C --> B
    C --> D
    A --> E
    B --> E
    B --> F
    A --> F
    D --> B

    linkStyle 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Elements of Deployment Diagram:
    • Name: Operating System
    • Type: Infrastructure
    • Description: The operating system (e.g., macOS, Linux, Windows) on the developer's machine.
    • Responsibilities: Provides the base environment for Foreman and its dependencies.
    • Security controls: Operating system security controls (user accounts, firewalls, security updates).
    • Name: Foreman Executable
    • Type: Software
    • Description: The Foreman Ruby gem executable file installed on the developer's machine.
    • Responsibilities: Runs the Foreman application logic.
    • Security controls: File system permissions, integrity checks (if signed releases are used).
    • Name: Ruby Runtime
    • Type: Software
    • Description: The Ruby interpreter required to run Foreman, typically installed via system package manager or a Ruby version manager (e.g., rvm, rbenv).
    • Responsibilities: Executes the Foreman Ruby code.
    • Security controls: Keeping Ruby runtime updated with security patches, secure installation practices.
    • Name: Dependencies (Gems)
    • Type: Software Libraries
    • Description: Ruby gems that Foreman depends on, installed via gem install.
    • Responsibilities: Provide necessary functionalities for Foreman.
    • Security controls: Dependency scanning, using trusted gem sources, keeping dependencies updated.
    • Name: Procfile
    • Type: Configuration File
    • Description: Same as in Context and Container Diagrams. Located in the application's project directory.
    • Responsibilities: Same as in Context and Container Diagrams.
    • Security controls: File system permissions.
    • Name: Application Processes
    • Type: Software Processes
    • Description: Same as in Context and Container Diagrams. Run as child processes of Foreman.
    • Responsibilities: Same as in Context and Container Diagrams.
    • Security controls: Process isolation, application-level security controls.

BUILD

graph LR
    A["Developer"] --> B["Code Changes"]
    B --> C["Git Repository (GitHub)"]
    C --> D["Build System (e.g., GitHub Actions)"]
    D --> E["Dependency Resolution (Bundler)"]
    D --> F["Linters & SAST"]
    D --> G["Build Artifacts (Gem)"]
    G --> H["Gem Hosting (rubygems.org)"]
    H --> I["Developer Machine (gem install)"]

    style B fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style G fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px

    linkStyle 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
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  • Build Process Description:

    1. Developer makes code changes and commits them to a Git repository (e.g., GitHub).
    1. A Build System (e.g., GitHub Actions, Jenkins, or manual build process) is triggered upon code changes (e.g., push to repository, tag creation).
    1. Dependency Resolution: The build system resolves and downloads project dependencies using a dependency management tool like Bundler for Ruby gems.
    1. Linters & SAST: Static analysis security testing (SAST) tools and linters are run to identify potential code quality issues and security vulnerabilities.
    1. Build Artifacts: The project is built, and build artifacts are created. For a Ruby gem, this would be a .gem file.
    1. Gem Hosting: The build artifact (gem file) is published to a gem hosting service like rubygems.org, making it available for download and installation.
    1. Developer Machine: Developers install Foreman on their machines using gem install foreman, downloading the gem from the hosting service.

  • Build Process Security Controls:

  • security control: Secure coding practices followed by developers. Implemented by: Developer training, code reviews.

  • security control: Code repository access control (e.g., GitHub permissions). Implemented by: Git repository hosting platform.

  • security control: Branch protection and pull request reviews. Implemented by: Git repository hosting platform.

  • security control: Automated build pipeline (e.g., GitHub Actions) to ensure consistent and repeatable builds. Implemented by: CI/CD system configuration.

  • security control: Dependency scanning during build process to identify vulnerable dependencies. Implemented by: Dependency scanning tools integrated into CI/CD pipeline.

  • security control: Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools integrated into the build pipeline to detect code-level vulnerabilities. Implemented by: SAST tools in CI/CD pipeline.

  • security control: Code linting and style checks to improve code quality and reduce potential errors. Implemented by: Linters in CI/CD pipeline.

  • security control: Signing of build artifacts (e.g., gem signing) to ensure integrity and authenticity. Implemented by: Build process and gem signing tools.

  • security control: Secure storage and access control for build artifacts and signing keys. Implemented by: Secure artifact repository, key management practices.

  • security control: Regular security audits of the build pipeline and related infrastructure. Implemented by: Security team, DevOps team.

RISK ASSESSMENT

  • Critical Business Processes:

  • Protecting developer productivity and efficiency by providing a reliable and easy-to-use local development environment.

  • Ensuring consistency between development and production environments to reduce deployment issues.

  • Maintaining the integrity and security of the Foreman tool itself to prevent it from becoming a source of vulnerabilities in developer workflows.

  • Data to Protect and Sensitivity:

  • Procfile content: May contain sensitive information like environment variables, command-line arguments, or application configurations. Sensitivity: Medium to High, depending on the content.

  • Application code and data managed by Foreman: Can be highly sensitive, depending on the application being developed. Sensitivity: High, potentially including intellectual property, personal data, or financial information.

  • Developer machine security: Compromise of developer machines can lead to broader security breaches. Sensitivity: High.

  • Foreman gem itself: If compromised, could be used to distribute malware to developers. Sensitivity: High.

QUESTIONS & ASSUMPTIONS

  • Questions:

  • What is the intended scope of usage for Foreman? Is it strictly for individual developer machines, or are there plans for shared development environments?

  • Are there any specific compliance requirements that Foreman needs to adhere to (e.g., PCI DSS, HIPAA, GDPR)?

  • What is the organization's risk appetite regarding the security of developer tools?

  • Are there existing security policies or guidelines that Foreman development and usage should align with?

  • What is the process for reporting and addressing security vulnerabilities in Foreman?

  • Assumptions:

  • Foreman is primarily used as a local development tool by individual developers.

  • Security focus is on preventing vulnerabilities in Foreman itself and ensuring it does not introduce security risks to developer machines or workflows.

  • Standard secure software development lifecycle practices are expected for the Foreman project.

  • Developers using Foreman are responsible for the security of their own applications and data managed by Foreman.

  • The organization using Foreman has basic security controls in place for developer machines and networks.