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attack-surface.md

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Attack Surface Analysis for lostisland/faraday

Attack Surface: Insecure Connection Configuration

  • Description: Misconfiguration of Faraday's connection settings, specifically SSL/TLS verification, exposes the application to Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks.
  • Faraday Contribution: Faraday provides the options for configuring connection behavior, including SSL/TLS. Incorrect settings directly lead to the vulnerability.
  • Example: Disabling SSL verification (ssl: { verify: false }) or using an insecure adapter without proper SSL/TLS configuration.
  • Impact: An attacker can intercept and modify communication, stealing sensitive data (credentials, API keys) or injecting malicious content.
  • Risk Severity: Critical
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers: Always enable SSL/TLS verification (ssl: { verify: true }). Specify trusted CA certificates. Use secure adapters and keep them updated. Never disable verification in production. Regularly review Faraday's SSL/TLS configuration. Use configuration validation.

Attack Surface: Request Header Injection

  • Description: Attackers inject malicious HTTP headers into requests made through Faraday.
  • Faraday Contribution: Faraday's API allows modification of request headers. This is the direct mechanism of the attack.
  • Example: Injecting a Host header to redirect to a malicious server, or injecting headers to bypass authentication.
  • Impact: Redirection to malicious sites, bypassing security controls, session hijacking, data theft.
  • Risk Severity: High
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers: Strictly validate and sanitize all input used to set request headers via Faraday. Use a whitelist approach. Avoid directly constructing headers from user input.

Attack Surface: Request Body Injection (Non-GET)

  • Description: Attackers inject malicious content into the body of requests (POST, PUT, PATCH) sent via Faraday.
  • Faraday Contribution: Faraday's API allows setting the request body. This is the direct mechanism used for the injection.
  • Example: Injecting malicious XML or JSON to exploit parser vulnerabilities on the target server.
  • Impact: Remote code execution (RCE), data corruption, denial of service, data theft.
  • Risk Severity: Critical
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers: Strictly validate and sanitize the request body set through Faraday, based on the expected content type. Use schema validation (e.g., JSON Schema). Avoid direct use of user input; use parameterized data or object serialization.

Attack Surface: Vulnerable Dependencies (Adapters & Middleware)

  • Description: Vulnerabilities in Faraday's adapters or third-party middleware directly used with Faraday.
  • Faraday Contribution: Faraday relies on these external components. A vulnerability in an adapter or middleware is a vulnerability in the Faraday-using application.
  • Example: An outdated Net::HTTP adapter with a known vulnerability, or a vulnerable custom Faraday middleware.
  • Impact: Varies (depending on the vulnerability), but can range from information disclosure to RCE.
  • Risk Severity: High (depending on the specific vulnerability)
  • Mitigation Strategies:
    • Developers: Keep all Faraday adapters and middleware up-to-date. Regularly run dependency vulnerability scanners. Carefully vet third-party middleware. Use a software composition analysis (SCA) tool.