Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
85 lines (75 loc) · 5.19 KB

attack-tree.md

File metadata and controls

85 lines (75 loc) · 5.19 KB

Attack Tree Analysis for postalserver/postal

Objective: [[Compromise Postal Server and Data]]

Attack Tree Visualization

                                  [[Attacker's Goal: Compromise Postal Server and Data]]
                                                  |||
                  =================================================================================
                  |||                                               |||
  [1. Unauthorized Email Sending/Relaying]   [[2. Data Exfiltration/Modification]]
                  |||                                               |||
  =================================               =================================
  |||               |||                               |||               |||

[[1.1 SMTP Abuse]] [[1.2 API Abuse]] [[2.1 DB Access]] [[2.2 API Data]] ||| ||| ||| ||| ========== ========== ========== ========== ||| ||| ||| ||| [[1.1.1]] [[1.2.1]] [[2.1.1]] [[2.1.2]] [[2.2.1]] Credentials API Key SQLi Direct API Key Leak Leak Vuln DB Access Leak

Attack Tree Path: 1. Unauthorized Email Sending/Relaying

  • [[1.1 SMTP Abuse]]

    • Description: The attacker exploits weaknesses related to SMTP server configuration and authentication to send unauthorized emails.
    • [[1.1.1 Credentials Leak]]
      • Description: The attacker obtains valid SMTP credentials (username/password) through various means, such as:
        • Misconfigured environment variables.
        • Exposed configuration files.
        • Social engineering attacks.
        • Compromised third-party services.
      • Likelihood: Medium
      • Impact: High (Can send spam/phishing, damage reputation)
      • Effort: Low (If credentials are found)
      • Skill Level: Low
      • Detection Difficulty: Medium (Might be detected through SMTP logs or unusual email activity)

  • [[1.2 API Abuse]]

    • Description: The attacker leverages vulnerabilities or misconfigurations in the Postal API to send unauthorized emails.
    • [[1.2.1 API Key Leak]]
      • Description: The attacker gains access to a valid Postal API key with sufficient permissions to send emails. This could occur through:
        • Insecure storage of the API key (e.g., in code repositories, configuration files).
        • Compromised developer accounts.
        • Social engineering.
      • Likelihood: Medium
      • Impact: High (Can send emails, access data)
      • Effort: Low (If the key is found)
      • Skill Level: Low
      • Detection Difficulty: Medium (API logs might show unusual activity)

Attack Tree Path: 2. Data Exfiltration/Modification

  • [[2.1 DB Access]]

    • Description: The attacker gains unauthorized access to the Postal database, allowing them to read, modify, or delete sensitive data.
    • [[2.1.1 SQL Injection Vulnerability]]
      • Description: The attacker exploits a SQL injection vulnerability in Postal's code to execute arbitrary SQL queries. This could happen if:
        • Input validation and sanitization are insufficient.
        • Parameterized queries are not used consistently.
      • Likelihood: Low (Postal should use parameterized queries, but vulnerabilities can still exist)
      • Impact: Very High (Complete control over the database)
      • Effort: High (Requires finding and exploiting a SQL injection vulnerability)
      • Skill Level: High
      • Detection Difficulty: High (Unless specific database monitoring or intrusion detection systems are in place)
    • [[2.1.2 Direct Database Access]]
      • Description: The attacker bypasses Postal's security controls and connects directly to the database server. This could be due to:
        • The database server being exposed to the internet.
        • Weak or default database credentials.
        • Misconfigured firewall rules.
      • Likelihood: Low (If database security is properly configured)
      • Impact: Very High (Complete control over the database)
      • Effort: Low (If weak credentials or exposed ports are found)
      • Skill Level: Low/Medium
      • Detection Difficulty: Medium (Network monitoring might detect unusual connections)

  • [[2.2 API Data Exfiltration]]

    • Description: The attacker uses the Postal API to extract sensitive data.
    • [[2.2.1 API Key Leak]]
      • Description: (Same as 1.2.1) The attacker gains access to a valid Postal API key, which they then use to access data through the API.
      • Likelihood: Medium
      • Impact: High (Can access sensitive data depending on API key permissions)
      • Effort: Low (If the key is found)
      • Skill Level: Low
      • Detection Difficulty: Medium (API logs might show unusual requests)