add overloads for run_task

[zzstoatzz]

in preparation for solving #17388

wait_for is going to be tricky because we can't put it in the signature of anything that takes P.args and P.kwargs without it breaking type safety in the same way submit and map are currently broken

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #17448 will not alter performance

_{Comparing run-task-overloads (c63bce1) with main (1fedfca)}

Summary

✅ 2 untouched benchmarks

[desertaxle]

LGTM!

I think wait_for might need to become an attribute on a task to keep it out of any function signatures.