Add node_checksum to node_info on structured logs

[MichelleArk]

Should not be merged until dbt-labs/dbt-adapters#883 is merged & released.

Resolves #11372

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me.
• I have run this code in development, and it appears to resolve the stated issue.
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required or relevant for this PR.
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g., macros, CLI, logs, JSON artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc.) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX.
• This PR includes type annotations for new and modified functions.

[github-actions]

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[github-actions]

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 88.89%. Comparing base (77d8e32) to head (fc51229).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #11368      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.92%   88.89%   -0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         190      190              
  Lines       24197    24199       +2     
==========================================
- Hits        21517    21512       -5     
- Misses       2680     2687       +7     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration	86.10% <ø> (-0.11%)	⬇️
unit	62.59% <ø> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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Components	Coverage Δ
Unit Tests	62.59% <ø> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
Integration Tests	86.10% <ø> (-0.11%)	⬇️

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