feat: implement SM-Constrained GEMM API

As requested in #591, this PR implements the `plan` function of GEMM
 with `num_ctas` as an argument to specify the grid size.

csrc/flashinfer_gemm_ops.cu

@@ -21,9 +21,12 @@ void bmm_fp8(at::Tensor A, at::Tensor B, at::Tensor D, at::Tensor A_scale, at::T
 void CutlassSegmentGEMM(at::Tensor workspace_buffer, at::Tensor all_problems, at::Tensor x_ptr,
                         at::Tensor w_ptr, at::Tensor y_ptr, at::Tensor x_ld, at::Tensor w_ld,
                         at::Tensor y_ld, at::Tensor empty_x_data, bool weight_column_major,
-                        int64_t cuda_stream);
+                        std::vector<int64_t> plan_info_vec, int64_t cuda_stream);
+
+std::vector<int64_t> CutlassSegmentGEMMPlan(unsigned int num_ctas);
 
 PYBIND11_MODULE(TORCH_EXTENSION_NAME, m) {
   m.def("cutlass_segment_gemm", &CutlassSegmentGEMM, "Cutlass Segment GEMM");
+  m.def("cutlass_segment_gemm_plan", &CutlassSegmentGEMMPlan, "Cutlass Segment GEMM Plan");
   m.def("bmm_fp8", &bmm_fp8, "BMM FP8");
 }

csrc/flashinfer_gemm_sm90_ops.cu

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 by FlashInfer team.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include "pytorch_extension_utils.h"
+
+void CutlassSegmentGEMMSM90(at::Tensor float_workspace_buffer, at::Tensor int_workspace_buffer,
+                            at::Tensor all_problems, at::Tensor x_ptr, at::Tensor w_ptr,
+                            at::Tensor y_ptr, at::Tensor x_stride, at::Tensor weight_stride,
+                            at::Tensor y_stride, at::Tensor empty_x_data, bool weight_column_major,
+                            std::vector<int64_t> plan_info_vec, int64_t cuda_stream);
+
+PYBIND11_MODULE(TORCH_EXTENSION_NAME, m) {
+  m.def("cutlass_segment_gemm_sm90", &CutlassSegmentGEMMSM90,
+        "Cutlass Segment GEMM operator for SM90");
+}

csrc/flashinfer_ops.cu

@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ void bmm_fp8(at::Tensor A, at::Tensor B, at::Tensor D, at::Tensor A_scale, at::T
 void CutlassSegmentGEMM(at::Tensor workspace_buffer, at::Tensor all_problems, at::Tensor x_ptr,
                         at::Tensor w_ptr, at::Tensor y_ptr, at::Tensor x_ld, at::Tensor w_ld,
                         at::Tensor y_ld, at::Tensor empty_x_data, bool weight_column_major,
-                        int64_t cuda_stream);
+                        std::vector<int64_t> plan_info_vec, int64_t cuda_stream);
+std::vector<int64_t> CutlassSegmentGEMMPlan(unsigned int num_ctas);
 
 //========== norm ==========
 
@@ -223,6 +224,7 @@ PYBIND11_MODULE(TORCH_EXTENSION_NAME, m) {
 
   // gemm
   m.def("bmm_fp8", &bmm_fp8, "BMM FP8");
+  m.def("cutlass_segment_gemm_plan", &CutlassSegmentGEMMPlan, "Cutlass Segment GEMM plan");
   m.def("cutlass_segment_gemm", &CutlassSegmentGEMM, "Cutlass Segment GEMM operator");
 
   // norm

csrc/flashinfer_ops_sm90.cu

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ void CutlassSegmentGEMMSM90(at::Tensor float_workspace_buffer, at::Tensor int_wo
                             at::Tensor all_problems, at::Tensor x_ptr, at::Tensor w_ptr,
                             at::Tensor y_ptr, at::Tensor x_stride, at::Tensor weight_stride,
                             at::Tensor y_stride, at::Tensor empty_x_data, bool weight_column_major,
-                            int64_t cuda_stream);
+                            std::vector<int64_t> plan_info_vec, int64_t cuda_stream);
 
 void single_prefill_with_kv_cache_sm90(unsigned int mask_mode_code, at::Tensor q, at::Tensor k,
                                        at::Tensor v,

csrc/group_gemm.cu

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 #include <flashinfer/gemm/group_gemm.cuh>
+#include <flashinfer/gemm/scheduler.cuh>
 
 #include "pytorch_extension_utils.h"
 
@@ -23,7 +24,9 @@ using namespace flashinfer::group_gemm;
 void CutlassSegmentGEMM(at::Tensor workspace_buffer, at::Tensor all_problems, at::Tensor x_ptr,
                         at::Tensor w_ptr, at::Tensor y_ptr, at::Tensor x_ld, at::Tensor w_ld,
                         at::Tensor y_ld, at::Tensor empty_x_data, bool weight_column_major,
-                        int64_t cuda_stream) {
+                        std::vector<int64_t> plan_info_vec, int64_t cuda_stream) {
+  GemmPlanInfo plan_info;
+  plan_info.FromVector(plan_info_vec);
   unsigned int batch_size = x_ptr.size(0);
 
   cudaStream_t stream = reinterpret_cast<cudaStream_t>(cuda_stream);
@@ -32,9 +35,17 @@ void CutlassSegmentGEMM(at::Tensor workspace_buffer, at::Tensor all_problems, at
     auto status = CutlassSegmentGEMMRun<cutlass_t>(
         workspace_buffer.data_ptr(), workspace_buffer.element_size() * workspace_buffer.size(0),
         all_problems.data_ptr(), batch_size, x_ptr.data_ptr(), w_ptr.data_ptr(), y_ptr.data_ptr(),
-        x_ld.data_ptr(), w_ld.data_ptr(), y_ld.data_ptr(), weight_column_major, stream);
+        x_ld.data_ptr(), w_ld.data_ptr(), y_ld.data_ptr(), weight_column_major, plan_info.num_ctas,
+        stream);
     TORCH_CHECK(status == cudaSuccess,
                 "Failed to run CutlassSegmentGEMM: ", cudaGetErrorString(status));
     return true;
   });
 }
+
+std::vector<int64_t> CutlassSegmentGEMMPlan(unsigned int num_ctas) {
+  GemmPlanInfo plan_info;
+  cudaError_t status = GemmPlan(num_ctas, plan_info);
+  TORCH_CHECK(status == cudaSuccess, "GemmPlan failed with error: ", cudaGetErrorString(status));
+  return plan_info.ToVector();
+}

csrc/group_gemm_sm90.cu

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 #include <flashinfer/gemm/group_gemm_sm90.cuh>
+#include <flashinfer/gemm/scheduler.cuh>
 
 #include "pytorch_extension_utils.h"
 
@@ -24,7 +25,9 @@ void CutlassSegmentGEMMSM90(at::Tensor float_workspace_buffer, at::Tensor int_wo
                             at::Tensor all_problems, at::Tensor x_ptr, at::Tensor w_ptr,
                             at::Tensor y_ptr, at::Tensor x_stride, at::Tensor weight_stride,
                             at::Tensor y_stride, at::Tensor empty_x_data, bool weight_column_major,
-                            int64_t cuda_stream) {
+                            std::vector<int64_t> plan_info_vec, int64_t cuda_stream) {
+  GemmPlanInfo plan_info;
+  plan_info.FromVector(plan_info_vec);
   unsigned int batch_size = x_ptr.size(0);
   auto device = float_workspace_buffer.device();
 
@@ -37,7 +40,8 @@ void CutlassSegmentGEMMSM90(at::Tensor float_workspace_buffer, at::Tensor int_wo
         int_workspace_buffer.data_ptr(),
         int_workspace_buffer.element_size() * int_workspace_buffer.size(0), all_problems.data_ptr(),
         batch_size, x_ptr.data_ptr(), w_ptr.data_ptr(), y_ptr.data_ptr(), x_stride.data_ptr(),
-        weight_stride.data_ptr(), y_stride.data_ptr(), weight_column_major, stream);
+        weight_stride.data_ptr(), y_stride.data_ptr(), weight_column_major, plan_info.num_ctas,
+        stream);
     TORCH_CHECK(status == cudaSuccess,
                 "Failed to run CutlassSegmentGEMM: ", cudaGetErrorString(status));
     return true;

flashinfer/gemm.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 """
 
 from types import SimpleNamespace
-from typing import Optional
+from typing import List, Optional
 
 import torch
 import triton
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ def cutlass_segment_gemm(
             y: torch.Tensor,
             empty_x_data: torch.Tensor,
             weight_column_major: bool,
+            plan_info_vec: List[int],
         ) -> None:
             with x_data.device as device:
                 module.cutlass_segment_gemm(
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@ def cutlass_segment_gemm(
                     y_ld,
                     empty_x_data,
                     weight_column_major,
+                    plan_info_vec,
                     get_cuda_stream(device),
                 )
 
@@ -139,6 +141,7 @@ def _fake_cutlass_segment_gemm(
         # Register the module
         _gemm_module = SimpleNamespace(
             bmm_fp8=bmm_fp8,
+            plan=module.cutlass_segment_gemm_plan,
             cutlass_segment_gemm=cutlass_segment_gemm,
         )
 
@@ -181,6 +184,7 @@ def cutlass_segment_gemm_sm90(
             y: torch.Tensor,
             empty_x_data: torch.Tensor,
             weight_column_major: bool,
+            plan_info_vec: List[int],
         ) -> None:
             with x_data.device as device:
                 module.cutlass_segment_gemm_sm90(
@@ -195,6 +199,7 @@ def cutlass_segment_gemm_sm90(
                     y_stride,
                     empty_x_data,
                     weight_column_major,
+                    plan_info_vec,
                     get_cuda_stream(device),
                 )
 
@@ -212,6 +217,7 @@ def _fake_cutlass_segment_gemm_sm90(
             y: torch.Tensor,
             empty_x_data: torch.Tensor,
             weight_column_major: bool,
+            plan_info_vec: List[int],
         ) -> None:
             pass
 
@@ -444,6 +450,8 @@ class SegmentGEMMWrapper:
     >>> x = torch.randn(10, 128, device="cuda", dtype=torch.float16)
     >>> # create weight tensor with 4 weights, each with 128 input and 256 output channels, column major
     >>> weights = torch.randn(4, 256, 128, device="cuda", dtype=torch.float16)
+    >>> # set the number of CTAs to 64
+    >>> segment_gemm.plan(64)
     >>> # compute the segment GEMM
     >>> y = segment_gemm.run(x, weights, 4, True, seg_lens=seq_lens)
     >>> y.shape
@@ -512,6 +520,29 @@ def reset_workspace_buffer(
         self._float_workspace_buffer = float_workspace_buffer
         self._int_workspace_buffer = int_workspace_buffer
 
+    def plan(self, num_ctas: int = 0) -> None:
+        r"""Plan gemm for given num_ctas.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        num_ctas: int
+            The number of CTAs to run gemm kernel. If equal to 0 or greater than
+            the number of CTAs on device, it will be set to the number of CTAs on device.
+
+
+        Note
+        ----
+        The :meth:`plan` method should be called before any :meth:`run`.
+
+        The :meth:`plan` method cannot be used in Cuda Graph or in ``torch.compile``.
+        """
+        if num_ctas < 0:
+            raise ValueError("Num_ctas should be greater than or equal to 0.")
+
+        self._plan_info = get_gemm_module().plan(
+            num_ctas,
+        )
+
     def run(
         self,
         x: torch.Tensor,
@@ -629,6 +660,7 @@ def run(
                     y,  # for torch compile mutates_args
                     empty_x_data,  # for kernel type dispatch
                     weight_column_major,
+                    self._plan_info,
                 )
             case "sm80":
                 (
@@ -660,6 +692,7 @@ def run(
                     y,
                     empty_x_data,
                     weight_column_major,
+                    self._plan_info,
                 )
             case _:
                 raise ValueError(f"Unsupported gemm backend: {backend}")

flashinfer/jit/core.py

@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ def load_cuda_ops(
         "--threads",
         "4",
         "-use_fast_math",
+        "-DFLASHINFER_ENABLE_F16",
         "-DFLASHINFER_ENABLE_BF16",
         "-DFLASHINFER_ENABLE_FP8_E4M3",
         "-DFLASHINFER_ENABLE_FP8_E5M2",

include/flashinfer/gemm/group_gemm.cuh

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ template <typename DType>
 cudaError_t CutlassSegmentGEMMRun(void* workspace_buffer, size_t workspace_buffer_size_in_bytes,
                                   void* all_problems, unsigned int batch_size, void* x, void* w,
                                   void* y, void* x_ld, void* w_ld, void* y_ld,
-                                  bool weight_column_major, cudaStream_t stream) {
+                                  bool weight_column_major, int num_ctas, cudaStream_t stream) {
   using cutlass::epilogue::thread::LinearCombination;
   using cutlass::gemm::threadblock::GemmIdentityThreadblockSwizzle;
   DISPATCH_WEIGHT_LAYOUT(weight_column_major, WEIGHT_LAYOUT, {
@@ -69,10 +69,10 @@ cudaError_t CutlassSegmentGEMMRun(void* workspace_buffer, size_t workspace_buffe
     using GemmGrouped = cutlass::gemm::device::GemmGrouped<GemmKernel>;
     typename GemmGrouped::Arguments args(
         reinterpret_cast<cutlass::gemm::GemmCoord*>(all_problems), (int)batch_size,
-        /*threadblock_count=*/4, epilogue_op, static_cast<DType**>(x), static_cast<DType**>(w),
-        static_cast<DType**>(y), static_cast<DType**>(y), reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(x_ld),
-        reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(w_ld), reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(y_ld),
-        reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(y_ld));
+        /*threadblock_count=*/num_ctas, epilogue_op, static_cast<DType**>(x),
+        static_cast<DType**>(w), static_cast<DType**>(y), static_cast<DType**>(y),
+        reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(x_ld), reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(w_ld),
+        reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(y_ld), reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(y_ld));
 
     GemmGrouped gemm;
     auto status = gemm.initialize(args, nullptr, stream);

include/flashinfer/gemm/group_gemm_sm90.cuh

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ cudaError_t CutlassSegmentGEMMSM90Run(void* float_buffer, size_t float_buffer_si
                                       void* int_buffer, size_t int_buffer_size_in_bytes,
                                       void* all_problems, unsigned int batch_size, void* x, void* w,
                                       void* y, void* x_stride, void* w_stride, void* y_stride,
-                                      bool weight_column_major, cudaStream_t stream) {
+                                      bool weight_column_major, int num_ctas, cudaStream_t stream) {
   auto compute_capacity = GetCudaComputeCapability();
   if (compute_capacity.first < 9) {
     std::cerr << "CutlassSegmentGEMMSM90Run requires compute capability of at least 9.0"
@@ -121,8 +121,7 @@ cudaError_t CutlassSegmentGEMMSM90Run(void* float_buffer, size_t float_buffer_si
 
       cutlass::KernelHardwareInfo hw_info;
       cudaGetDevice(&hw_info.device_id);
-      hw_info.sm_count =
-          cutlass::KernelHardwareInfo::query_device_multiprocessor_count(hw_info.device_id);
+      hw_info.sm_count = num_ctas;
 
       typename Gemm::EpilogueOutputOp::Params params;
       params =

include/flashinfer/gemm/scheduler.cuh

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 by FlashInfer team.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#ifndef FLASHINFER_GEMM_SCHEDULER_CUH_
+#define FLASHINFER_GEMM_SCHEDULER_CUH_
+
+#include <cuda_runtime_api.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "../utils.cuh"
+
+namespace flashinfer {
+
+struct GemmPlanInfo {
+  int64_t num_ctas;
+
+  GemmPlanInfo() : num_ctas(0) {}
+
+  // convert GemmPlanInfo to std::vector<int64_t>
+  std::vector<int64_t> ToVector() const { return {num_ctas}; }
+
+  // From std::vector<int64_t> to GemmPlanInfo
+  void FromVector(const std::vector<int64_t>& vec) {
+    if (vec.size() != 1) {
+      std::ostringstream err_msg;
+      err_msg << "GemmPlanInfo::FromVector: vec.size() should be 1, but got " << vec.size();
+      FLASHINFER_ERROR(err_msg.str());
+    }
+    num_ctas = vec[0];
+  }
+};
+
+inline cudaError_t GemmPlan(uint32_t num_ctas, GemmPlanInfo& plan_info) {
+  int dev_id = 0;
+  int num_sms = 0;
+  FLASHINFER_CUDA_CALL(cudaGetDevice(&dev_id));
+  FLASHINFER_CUDA_CALL(cudaDeviceGetAttribute(&num_sms, cudaDevAttrMultiProcessorCount, dev_id));
+  if (num_ctas > 0 && num_ctas < num_sms) {
+    plan_info.num_ctas = num_ctas;
+  } else {
+    plan_info.num_ctas = num_sms;
+  }
+  return cudaSuccess;
+}
+
+}  // namespace flashinfer
+#endif  // FLASHINFER_GEMM_SCHEDULER_CUH_

tests/test_group_gemm.py

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES)
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("device", CUDA_DEVICES)
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("backend", ["auto", "sm90", "sm80"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("num_ctas", [0, 4, 16, 64])
 def test_segment_gemm(
     batch_size,
     num_rows_per_batch,
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ def test_segment_gemm(
     dtype,
     device,
     backend,
+    num_ctas,
 ):
     if batch_size * num_rows_per_batch > 8192:
         pytest.skip("batch_size * num_rows_per_batch too large for test.")
@@ -64,6 +66,7 @@ def test_segment_gemm(
             weight = torch.randn(batch_size, d_out, d_in, dtype=dtype).to(device)
         else:
             weight = torch.randn(batch_size, d_in, d_out, dtype=dtype).to(device)
+    segment_gemm.plan(num_ctas)
     y = segment_gemm.run(
         x,
         weight,