Use ruff to lint Python code

.github/workflows/python-package.yml

@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@ jobs:
   test:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        python-version: [ 3.8, 3.9, '3.10', '3.11', 3.12 ]
+        python-version: [ 3.8, 3.9, '3.10', 3.11, 3.12 ]
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -57,11 +58,7 @@ jobs:
           python -m pip install tox-gh-actions
           if [ -f requirements.txt ]; then pip install -r requirements.txt; fi
       - name: Lint
-        run: |
-          # stop the build if there are Python syntax errors or undefined names
-          flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
-          # exit-zero treats all errors as warnings. The GitHub editor is 127 chars wide
-          flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
+        run: ruff check --output-format=github .
 
   typecheck:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 repos:
--   repo: https://github.com/pycqa/flake8
-    rev: '7.1.1'
-    hooks:
-    -   id: flake8
-        exclude: docs/conf.py|test_settings.py
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: 'v5.0.0'
     hooks:
     -   id: end-of-file-fixer
+    -   id: trailing-whitespace
+
+-   repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
+    rev: v0.7.3
+    hooks:
+      - id: ruff

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ To be mergeable, patches must:
 - not change existing tests without a *very* good reason,
 - add tests for new code (bug fixes should include regression tests, new
   features should have relevant tests),
-- not introduce any new flake8_ errors (run ``./run.sh lint``),
+- not introduce any new ruff_ errors (run ``./run.sh lint``),
 - not introduce any new mypy_ errors (run ``./run.sh typecheck``),
 - include updated source translations (run ``./run.sh makemessages`` and ``./run.sh compilemessages``),
 - document any new features, and
@@ -80,6 +80,6 @@ with it.
 
 .. _open a new issue: https://github.com/jazzband/django-waffle/issues/new
 .. _Fork: https://github.com/jazzband/django-waffle/fork
-.. _flake8: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8
+.. _ruff: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ruff
 .. _mypy: https://www.mypy-lang.org/
 .. _good commit message: http://tbaggery.com/2008/04/19/a-note-about-git-commit-messages.html

docs/about/contributing.rst

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ To be mergeable, patches must:
 - not change existing tests without a *very* good reason,
 - add tests for new code (bug fixes should include regression tests, new
   features should have relevant tests),
-- not introduce any new flake8_ errors (run ``./run.sh lint``),
+- not introduce any new ruff_ errors (run ``./run.sh lint``),
 - document any new features, and
 - have a `good commit message`_.
 
@@ -70,5 +70,5 @@ with it.
 
 .. _open a new issue: https://github.com/jazzband/django-waffle/issues/new
 .. _Fork: https://github.com/jazzband/django-waffle/fork
-.. _flake8: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8
+.. _ruff: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ruff
 .. _good commit message: http://tbaggery.com/2008/04/19/a-note-about-git-commit-messages.html

docs/conf.py

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 # All configuration values have a default; values that are commented out
 # serve to show the default.
 
-import sys, os
+import sys
+import os
 
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
 # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the

docs/starting/configuring.rst

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ behavior.
     The value describes the level of wanted warning, possible values are all levels know by pythons default logging,
     e.g. ``logging.WARNING``.
     Defaults to ``None``.
-    
+
 
 ``WAFFLE_ENABLE_ADMIN_PAGES``
     Enables the default admin pages for Waffle models. This is True by default,

docs/usage/decorators.rst

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Flags
     @waffle_flag('flag_name')
     def myview(request):
         pass
-    
+
     @waffle_flag('flag_name', 'url_name_to_redirect_to')
     def myotherview(request):
         pass

docs/usage/templates.rst

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ features on the front-end. It includes support for both Django's
 built-in templates and for Jinja2_.
 
 .. warning::
-    
+
     Before using samples in templates, see the warning in the
     :ref:`Sample chapter <types-sample>`.
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Switches
 --------
 
 ::
-    
+
     {% if waffle.switch('switch_name') %}
         switch_name is active!
     {% endif %}

docs/usage/views.rst

@@ -49,5 +49,5 @@ Samples
 Returns ``True`` if the sample is active, else ``False``.
 
 .. warning::
-    
+
     See the warning in the :ref:`Sample chapter <types-sample>`.

pyproject.toml

@@ -62,3 +62,90 @@ strict_equality = true
 [[tool.mypy.overrides]]
 module = ["django.*"]
 ignore_missing_imports = true
+
+[tool.ruff]
+line-length = 120
+target-version = "py38"
+
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+select = [
+  "AIR",    # Airflow
+  "ASYNC",  # flake8-async
+  "BLE",    # flake8-blind-except
+  "C90",    # McCabe cyclomatic complexity
+  "DJ",     # flake8-django
+  "DTZ",    # flake8-datetimez
+  "E",      # pycodestyle errors
+  "F",      # Pyflakes
+  "FIX",    # flake8-fixme
+  "FLY",    # flynt
+  "G",      # flake8-logging-format
+  "ICN",    # flake8-import-conventions
+  "INP",    # flake8-no-pep420
+  "INT",    # flake8-gettext
+  "NPY",    # NumPy-specific rules
+  "PD",     # pandas-vet
+  "PIE",    # flake8-pie
+  "PL",     # Pylint
+  "PYI",    # flake8-pyi
+  "RSE",    # flake8-raise
+  "SLOT",   # flake8-slots
+  "T10",    # flake8-debugger
+  "T20",    # flake8-print
+  "TD",     # flake8-todos
+  "TID",    # flake8-tidy-imports
+  "UP",     # pyupgrade
+  "W",      # pycodestyle warnings
+  "YTT",    # flake8-2020
+  # "A",    # flake8-builtins
+  # "ANN",  # flake8-annotations
+  # "ARG",  # flake8-unused-arguments
+  # "B",    # flake8-bugbear
+  # "C4",   # flake8-comprehensions
+  # "COM",  # flake8-commas
+  # "CPY",    # flake8-copyright
+  # "D",    # pydocstyle
+  # "EM",   # flake8-errmsg
+  # "ERA",  # eradicate
+  # "EXE",  # flake8-executable
+  # "FA",   # flake8-future-annotations
+  # "FBT",  # flake8-boolean-trap
+  # "I",    # isort
+  # "ISC",  # flake8-implicit-str-concat
+  # "N",    # pep8-naming
+  # "PERF", # Perflint
+  # "PGH",  # pygrep-hooks
+  # "PT",   # flake8-pytest-style
+  # "PTH",  # flake8-use-pathlib
+  # "Q",    # flake8-quotes
+  # "RET",  # flake8-return
+  # "RUF",  # Ruff-specific rules
+  # "S",    # flake8-bandit
+  # "SIM",  # flake8-simplify
+  # "SLF",  # flake8-self
+  # "TCH",  # flake8-type-checking
+  # "TRY",  # tryceratops
+]
+# Files not checked:
+#  - migrations: most of these are autogenerated and don't need a check
+#  - docs: contains autogenerated code that doesn't need a check
+exclude = [
+    "*/migrations/*",
+    "docs",
+]
+ignore = ["F401"]
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.mccabe]
+max-complexity = 23
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
+"docs/conf.py" = ["INP001"]
+"test_app/models.py" = ["DJ008"]  # FIXME
+"waffle/models.py" = ["DJ012", "PYI019"]  # FIXME
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.pylint]
+allow-magic-value-types = ["float", "int", "str"]
+max-args = 6  # default is 5
+max-branches = 23  # default is 12
+max-returns = 13  # default is 6
+max-statements = 51  # default is 50

requirements.txt

@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@ Django
 django-jinja>=2.4.1,<3
 transifex-client
 
-flake8
 mypy
+ruff
 tox

requirements/test.txt

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-flake8
+ruff
 tox

run.sh

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE="test_settings"
 usage() {
     echo "USAGE: $0 [command]"
     echo "  test - run the waffle tests"
-    echo "  lint - run flake8"
+    echo "  lint - run ruff"
     echo "  typecheck - run mypy"
     echo "  shell - open the Django shell"
     echo "  makemigrations - create a schema migration"
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ case "$CMD" in
     "test" )
         DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=test_settings django-admin test waffle $@ ;;
     "lint" )
-        flake8 waffle $@ ;;
+        ruff check ;;
     "typecheck" )
         mypy waffle $@ ;;
     "shell" )

test_settings.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 # Make filepaths relative to settings.
 ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
-path = lambda *a: os.path.join(ROOT, *a)
+path = lambda *a: os.path.join(ROOT, *a)  # noqa: E731
 
 DEBUG = True
 TEST_RUNNER = 'django.test.runner.DiscoverRunner'

waffle/__init__.py

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def get_waffle_sample_model() -> type[AbstractBaseSample]:
 
 
 def get_waffle_model(setting_name: str) -> (
-    type[AbstractBaseFlag] | type[AbstractBaseSwitch] | type[AbstractBaseSample]
+    type[AbstractBaseFlag | AbstractBaseSwitch | AbstractBaseSample]
 ):
     """
     Returns the waffle Flag model that is active in this project.
@@ -63,12 +63,8 @@ def get_waffle_model(setting_name: str) -> (
     try:
         return django_apps.get_model(flag_model_name)
     except ValueError:
-        raise ImproperlyConfigured("WAFFLE_{} must be of the form 'app_label.model_name'".format(
-            setting_name
-        ))
+        raise ImproperlyConfigured(f"WAFFLE_{setting_name} must be of the form 'app_label.model_name'")
     except LookupError:
         raise ImproperlyConfigured(
-            "WAFFLE_{} refers to model '{}' that has not been installed".format(
-                setting_name, flag_model_name
-            )
+            f"WAFFLE_{setting_name} refers to model '{flag_model_name}' that has not been installed"
         )

waffle/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/django.po

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 # Copyright (C) YEAR THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
-# 
+#
 # Translators:
 # Clinton Blackburn <[email protected]>, 2021
-# 
+#
 #, fuzzy
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""

waffle/management/commands/waffle_delete.py

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def handle(self, *args: Any, **options: Any) -> None:
             flag_queryset = get_waffle_flag_model().objects.filter(name__in=flags)
             flag_count = flag_queryset.count()
             flag_queryset.delete()
-            self.stdout.write('Deleted %s Flags' % flag_count)
+            self.stdout.write(f'Deleted {flag_count} Flags')
 
         switches = options['switch_names']
         if switches:
@@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ def handle(self, *args: Any, **options: Any) -> None:
             )
             switch_count = switches_queryset.count()
             switches_queryset.delete()
-            self.stdout.write('Deleted %s Switches' % switch_count)
+            self.stdout.write(f'Deleted {switch_count} Switches')
 
         samples = options['sample_names']
         if samples:
             sample_queryset = get_waffle_sample_model().objects.filter(name__in=samples)
             sample_count = sample_queryset.count()
             sample_queryset.delete()
-            self.stdout.write('Deleted %s Samples' % sample_count)
+            self.stdout.write(f'Deleted {sample_count} Samples')

waffle/management/commands/waffle_flag.py

@@ -104,19 +104,19 @@ def handle(self, *args: Any, **options: Any) -> None:
         if options['list_flags']:
             self.stdout.write('Flags:')
             for flag in get_waffle_flag_model().objects.iterator():
-                self.stdout.write('NAME: %s' % flag.name)
-                self.stdout.write('SUPERUSERS: %s' % flag.superusers)
-                self.stdout.write('EVERYONE: %s' % flag.everyone)
-                self.stdout.write('AUTHENTICATED: %s' % flag.authenticated)
-                self.stdout.write('PERCENT: %s' % flag.percent)
-                self.stdout.write('TESTING: %s' % flag.testing)
-                self.stdout.write('ROLLOUT: %s' % flag.rollout)
-                self.stdout.write('STAFF: %s' % flag.staff)
-                self.stdout.write('GROUPS: %s' % list(
-                    flag.groups.values_list('name', flat=True))
+                self.stdout.write(f'NAME: {flag.name}')
+                self.stdout.write(f'SUPERUSERS: {flag.superusers}')
+                self.stdout.write(f'EVERYONE: {flag.everyone}')
+                self.stdout.write(f'AUTHENTICATED: {flag.authenticated}')
+                self.stdout.write(f'PERCENT: {flag.percent}')
+                self.stdout.write(f'TESTING: {flag.testing}')
+                self.stdout.write(f'ROLLOUT: {flag.rollout}')
+                self.stdout.write(f'STAFF: {flag.staff}')
+                self.stdout.write('GROUPS: {}'.format(list(
+                    flag.groups.values_list('name', flat=True)))
                 )
-                self.stdout.write('USERS: %s' % list(
-                    flag.users.values_list(UserModel.USERNAME_FIELD, flat=True))
+                self.stdout.write('USERS: {}'.format(list(
+                    flag.users.values_list(UserModel.USERNAME_FIELD, flat=True)))
                 )
                 self.stdout.write('')
             return
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ def handle(self, *args: Any, **options: Any) -> None:
         if options['create']:
             flag, created = get_waffle_flag_model().objects.get_or_create(name=flag_name)
             if created:
-                self.stdout.write('Creating flag: %s' % flag_name)
+                self.stdout.write(f'Creating flag: {flag_name}')
         else:
             try:
                 flag = get_waffle_flag_model().objects.get(name=flag_name)
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ def handle(self, *args: Any, **options: Any) -> None:
                         group_instance = Group.objects.get(name=group)
                         group_hash[group_instance.name] = group_instance.id
                     except Group.DoesNotExist:
-                        raise CommandError('Group %s does not exist' % group)
+                        raise CommandError(f'Group {group} does not exist')
                 # If 'append' was not passed, we clear related groups
                 if not options['append']:
                     flag.groups.clear()
@@ -168,11 +168,11 @@ def handle(self, *args: Any, **options: Any) -> None:
                         )
                         user_hash.add(user_instance)
                     except UserModel.DoesNotExist:
-                        raise CommandError('User %s does not exist' % username)
+                        raise CommandError(f'User {username} does not exist')
                 # If 'append' was not passed, we clear related users
                 if not options['append']:
                     flag.users.clear()
-                self.stdout.write('Setting user(s): %s' % user_hash)
+                self.stdout.write(f'Setting user(s): {user_hash}')
                 # for user in user_hash:
                 flag.users.add(*[user.id for user in user_hash])
             elif hasattr(flag, option):