This module contains a collection of functions, variables, and format files that you can use to enhance your PowerShell scripting work or get more done from a PowerShell prompt with less typing. Most of the commands are designed to work cross-platform. Please post any questions, problems, or feedback in the Issues section of this module's GitHub repository. Feedback is greatly appreciated.
The contents of this file and other documentation can be viewed using the Open-PSScriptToolsHelp command. You can also use Get-PSScriptTools to see a summary of module commands.
Please note that code samples have been formatted to fit an *80-character width.* Some example code breaks lines without using line continuation characters. I'm trusting that you can figure out how to run the example.
- Installation
- General Tools
- File Tools
- Editor Integrations
- Graphical Tools
- Hashtable Tools
- Select Functions
- Time Functions
- Console Utilities
- Format Functions
- Scripting Tools
- CIM Tools
- ANSI Tools
- Other Module Features
- Related Modules
- Compatibility
You can get the current release from this repository or install this from the PowerShell Gallery:
Install-Module PSScriptToolsor in PowerShell 7:
Install-Module PSScriptTools [-scope CurrentUser] [-force]Starting in v2.2.0, the module was restructured to better support Desktop and Core editions. However, starting with v2.13.0, the module design has reverted. All module commands will be exported. Anything that is platform-specific should be handled on a per-command basis. It is assumed you will be running this module in Windows PowerShell 5.1 or PowerShell 7.
It is recommended to install this module from the PowerShell Gallery and not GitHub.
To remove the module from your system, you can easily uninstall it with common PowerShell commands.
Get-Module PSScriptTools | Remove-Module
Uninstall-Module PSScriptTools -AllVersionsGet-MyCounter is an enhanced version of the legacy Get-Counter cmdlet, which is available on Windows platforms to retrieve performance counter data. One of the challenges with using Get-Counter is how it formats results. The information may be easy to read on the screen, but it is cumbersome to use in a pipelined expression.
Get-MyCounter takes the same information and writes a custom object to the pipeline that is easier to work with. You can pipe counters from Get-Counter to Get-MyCounter.
One advantage of Get-MyCounter over Get-Counter is that the performance data is easier to work with.
Get-MyCounter '\IPv4\datagrams/sec' -MaxSamples 60 -SampleInterval 5 -computer SRV1 | Export-CSV c:\work\srv1_ipperf.csv -NoTypeInformationIn this example, the performance counter is sampled 60 times every 5 seconds and the data is exported to a CSV file which could easily be opened in Microsoft Excel. Here's a sample of the output object.
Computername : SRV1
Category : ipv4
Counter : datagrams/sec
Instance :
Value : 66.0818918347238
Timestamp : 11/4/2022 11:31:29 AM
Get-MyCounter writes a custom object to the pipeline which has an associated formatting file with custom views.
This command, which has an alias of dw, is designed to provide quick access to top-level directory information. The default behavior is to show the total number of files in the immediate directory. Although, the command will also capture the total file size in the immediate directory. You can use the Depth parameter to recurse through a specified number of levels. The default displays use ANSI escape sequences.
The command output will use a wide format by default. However, other wide views are available.
You can use the object in other ways.
PowerShell's formatting system includes several custom views that display objects in different ways. Unfortunately, this information is not readily available to a typical PowerShell user. This command displays the available views for a given object type.
This command has an alias of gfv.
This command is designed to solve the problem when you want to run a function loaded locally on a remote computer. Copy-PSFunction will copy a PowerShell function that is loaded in your current PowerShell session to a remote PowerShell session. The remote session must already be created. The copied function only exists remotely for the duration of the remote PowerShell session.
$s = New-PSSession -ComputerName win10 -cred $art
Copy-PSFunction Get-Status -Session $sOnce copied, you might use Invoke-Command to run it.
Invoke-Command { Get-Status -AsString } -session $sIf the function relies on external or additional files, you will have to copy them to the remote session separately.
This command is designed for Windows systems and makes it easy to identify all possible PowerShell profile scripts. Including those for hosts such as VSCode or the PowerShell ISE. The command writes a custom object to the pipeline which has defined formatting. The default view is a table.
PS C:\> Get-PSProfile
Name: PowerShell
Scope Path Exists
----- ---- ------
AllUsersCurrentHost C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 False
AllUsersAllHosts C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\profile.ps1 False
CurrentUserAllHosts C:\Users\Jeff\Documents\PowerShell\profile.ps1 True
CurrentUserCurrentHost C:\Users\Jeff\Documents\PowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 True
Name: Windows PowerShell
Scope Path Exists
----- ---- ------
AllUsersCurrentHost C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 True
AllUsersAllHosts C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\profile.ps1 True
CurrentUserAllHosts C:\Users\Jeff\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\profile.ps1 True
CurrentUserCurrentHost C:\Users\Jeff\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 True
There is also a list view.
PS C:\> Get-PSProfile | Where-Object {$_.name -eq 'powershell'} | Format-List
Name: PowerShell
Scope : AllUsersCurrentHost
Path : C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1
Exists : False
LastModified :
Scope : AllUsersAllHosts
Path : C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\profile.ps1
Exists : False
LastModified :
Scope : CurrentUserAllHosts
Path : C:\Users\Jeff\Documents\PowerShell\profile.ps1
Exists : True
LastModified : 9/9/2020 2:35:45 PM
Scope : CurrentUserCurrentHost
Path : C:\Users\Jeff\Documents\PowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1
Exists : True
LastModified : 9/9/2020 2:03:44 PM
Often you might define aliases for functions and scripts you use all of the time. It may be difficult sometimes to remember them all or to find them in the default Get-Alias output. This command will list all currently defined aliases that are not part of the initial PowerShell state.
These are all aliases defined in the current session that aren't part of the initial session state. You can filter aliases to make it easier to find those that aren't defined in a module. These aliases should be ones created in your stand-alone scripts or PowerShell profile.
The PSScriptTools module also includes a custom formatting file for alias objects which you can use with Get-Alias or Get-MyAlias.
Get-Alias | Sort-Object Source | Format-Table -View source
This command has an alias of gma.
This is an alternative to Get-Command to make it easier to see at a glance what commands are contained within a module and what they can do. By default, Get-ModuleCommand looks for loaded modules. Use -ListAvailable to see commands in the module not currently loaded. Note that if the help file is malformed or missing, you might get oddly formatted results.
PS C:\> Get-ModuleCommand PSCalendar -ListAvailable
ModuleName: PSCalendar [v2.9.0]
Name Alias Synopsis
---- ----- --------
Get-Calendar cal Displays a visual representation of a
calendar.
Get-MonthName Get the list of month names.
Get-NCalendar ncal Display a Linux-style ncal calendar.
Get-PSCalendarConfiguration Get the current PSCalendar ANSI configuration.
Set-PSCalendarConfiguration Modify the PSCalendar ANSI configuration.
Show-Calendar scal Display a colorized calendar month in the
console.
Show-GuiCalendar gcal Display a WPF-based calendar.
Show-PSCalendarHelp Display a help PDF file for the PSCalendar
module.
There are also alternate table views.
PS C:\> Get-ModuleCommand PSCalendar | Format-Table -View verb
Verb: Get
Name Alias Type Synopsis
---- ----- ---- --------
Get-Calendar cal Function Displays a visual
representation of a
calendar.
Get-MonthName Function Get the list of
month names.
Get-NCalendar ncal Function Display a
Linux-style ncal
calendar.
Get-PSCalendarConfiguration Function Get the current
PSCalendar ANSI
configuration.
Verb: Set
Name Alias Type Synopsis
---- ----- ---- --------
Set-PSCalendarConfiguration Function Modify the
PSCalendar ANSI
configuration.
Verb: Show
Name Alias Type Synopsis
---- ----- ---- --------
Show-Calendar scal Function Display a colorized
calendar month in
the console.
Show-GuiCalendar gcal Function Display a WPF-based
calendar.
Show-PSCalendarHelp Function Display a help PDF
file for the
PSCalendar module.
Get module commands using the default formatted view. There is also a default view for Format-List.
You can use this command to get a summary list of functions in this module.
PS C:\> Get-PSScriptTools
Verb: Add
Name Alias Synopsis
---- ----- --------
Add-Border Create a text border around a string.
Verb: Compare
Name Alias Synopsis
---- ----- --------
Compare-Module cmo Compare PowerShell module versions.
...
Here's another way you could use this command to list functions with defined aliases in the PSScriptTools module.
PS C:\> Get-PSScriptTools | Where-Object alias |
Select-Object Name,alias,Synopsis
Name Alias Synopsis
---- ----- --------
Compare-Module cmo Compare PowerShell module versions.
Convert-EventLogRecord clr Convert EventLogRecords to structured objects
ConvertFrom-Text cft Convert structured text to objects.
ConvertFrom-UTCTime frut Convert a datetime value from universal
ConvertTo-LocalTime clt Convert a foreign time to local
...
When you use Get-WinEvent, the results are objects you can work with in PowerShell. However, often, there is additional information that is part of the event log record, such as replacement strings, that are used to construct a message. This additional information is not readily exposed. You can use this command to convert the results of a Get-WinEvent command into a PowerShell custom object with additional information.
PS C:\> Get-WinEvent -FilterHashtable @{LogName='System';ID=7045} -MaxEvents 1|
Convert-EventLogRecord
LogName : System
RecordType : Information
TimeCreated : 1/21/2020 3:49:46 PM
ID : 7045
ServiceName : Netwrix Account Lockout Examiner
ImagePath : "C:\Program Files (x86)\Netwrix\Account Lockout Examiner
\ALEService.exe"
ServiceType : user mode service
StartType : auto start
AccountName : bovine320\jeff
Message : A service was installed in the system.
Service Name: Netwrix Account Lockout Examiner
Service File Name: "C:\Program Files (x86)\Netwrix\Account
Lockout Examiner\ALEService.exe"
Service Type: user mode service
Service Start Type: auto start
Service Account: bovine320\jeff
Keywords : {Classic}
Source : Service Control Manager
Computername : Bovine320
This command will retrieve WhoIs information from the ARIN database for a given IPv4 address.
PS C:\> Get-WhoIs 208.67.222.222 | Select-Object -Property *
IP : 208.67.222.222
Name : OPENDNS-NET-1
RegisteredOrganization : Cisco OpenDNS, LLC
City : San Francisco
StartAddress : 208.67.216.0
EndAddress : 208.67.223.255
NetBlocks : 208.67.216.0/21
Updated : 3/2/2012 8:03:18 AM
PS C:\> '1.1.1.1','8.8.8.8','208.67.222.222'| Get-WhoIs | Format-List
IP : 1.1.1.1
Name : APNIC-1
RegisteredOrganization : Asia Pacific Network Information Centre
City : South Brisbane
StartAddress : 1.0.0.0
EndAddress : 1.255.255.255
NetBlocks : 1.0.0.0/8
Updated : 7/30/2010 9:23:43 AM
IP : 8.8.8.8
Name : LVLT-GOGL-8-8-8
RegisteredOrganization : Google LLC
City : Mountain View
StartAddress : 8.8.8.0
EndAddress : 8.8.8.255
NetBlocks : 8.8.8.0/24
Updated : 3/14/2014 4:52:05 PM
IP : 208.67.222.222
Name : OPENDNS-NET-1
RegisteredOrganization : Cisco OpenDNS, LLC
City : San Francisco
StartAddress : 208.67.216.0
EndAddress : 208.67.223.255
NetBlocks : 208.67.216.0/21
Updated : 3/2/2012 8:03:18 AM
This module includes a custom format file for these results.
Use this command to compare module versions between what is installed against an online repository like the PSGallery
PS C:\> Compare-Module Platyps
Name : platyPS
OnlineVersion : 0.14.0
InstalledVersion : 0.14.0,0.12.0,0.11.1,0.10.2,0.9.0
PublishedDate : 4/3/2019 12:46:30 AM
UpdateNeeded : False
Or you can compare and manage multiple modules.
Compare-Module | Where UpdateNeeded |
Out-GridView -title "Select modules to update" -outputMode multiple |
Foreach { Update-Module $_.name }This example compares modules and sends the results to Out-GridView. Use Out-GridView as an object picker to decide what modules to update.
This is a PowerShell version of the winver.exe utility. This command uses PowerShell remoting to query the registry on a remote machine to retrieve Windows version information.
Get-WindowsVersion -Computername win10,srv1,srv2 -Credential company\artd
The output has a default table view but there are other properties you might want to use.
PS C:\> Get-WindowsVersion | Select-Object *
ProductName : Microsoft Windows 11 Pro
ReleaseVersion : 22H2
EditionID : Professional
ReleaseID : 2009
Build : 22622.598
Branch : ni_release
InstalledUTC : 5/12/2022 1:01:53 PM
Computername : WINDESK11
Beginning with version 2.45.0, Get-WindowsVersion will use the command-line tool systeminfo.exe to retrieve the operating system name. If this fails, then the registry value will be used. Windows 11 systems don't yet reflect with Windows 11 name in the registry.
This command is a variation of Get-WindowsVersion that returns a formatted string with version information.
PS C:\> Get-WindowsVersionString
PROSPERO Windows 10 Pro Version Professional (OS Build 19042.906)
This function will create a new PSDrive at the specified location. The default is the current location, but you can specify any PSPath. by default, the function will take the last word of the path and use it as the name of the new PSDrive.
PS C:\users\jeff\documents\Enterprise Mgmt Webinar> New-PSDriveHere -SetLocation
PS Webinar:\>
You can use the first word in the leaf location or specify something completely different.
New-PSDriveHere \\ds416\backup\ BackupThis function will return all variables not defined by PowerShell or by this function itself. The default is to return all user-created variables from the global scope, but you can also specify a scope such as script, local, or a number 0 through 5.
PS C:\> Get-MyVariable
NName Value Type
---- ----- ----
a bits ServiceController
dt 10/22/2020 10:49:38 AM DateTime
foo 123 Int32
r {1, 2, 3, 4...} Object[]
...
Depending on the value and how PowerShell chooses to display it, you may not see the type.
This command can be used to convert text from a file or a command-line tool into objects. It uses a regular expression pattern with named captures and turns the result into a custom object. You have the option of specifying a type name in case you are using custom format files.
PS C:\> $arp = '(?<IPAddress>(\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3})\s+(?<MAC>(\w{2}-){5}\w{2})\s+(?<Type>\w+$)'
PS C:\> arp -g -N 172.16.10.22 | Select-Object -skip 3 |
foreach {$_.Trim()} | ConvertFrom-Text $arp -TypeName arpData -NoProgress
IPAddress MAC Type
--------- --- ----
172.16.10.1 b6-fb-e4-16-41-be dynamic
172.16.10.100 00-11-32-58-7b-10 dynamic
172.16.10.115 5c-aa-fd-0c-bf-fa dynamic
172.16.10.120 5c-1d-d9-58-81-51 dynamic
172.16.10.159 3c-e1-a1-17-6d-0a dynamic
172.16.10.162 00-0e-58-ce-8b-b6 dynamic
172.16.10.178 00-0e-58-8c-13-ac dynamic
172.16.10.185 d0-04-01-26-b5-61 dynamic
172.16.10.186 e8-b2-ac-95-92-98 dynamic
172.16.10.197 fc-77-74-9f-f4-2f dynamic
172.16.10.211 14-20-5e-93-42-fb dynamic
172.16.10.222 28-39-5e-3b-04-33 dynamic
172.16.10.226 00-0e-58-e9-49-c0 dynamic
172.16.10.227 48-88-ca-e1-a6-00 dynamic
172.16.10.239 5c-aa-fd-83-f1-a4 dynamic
172.16.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff static
224.0.0.2 01-00-5e-00-00-02 static
224.0.0.7 01-00-5e-00-00-07 static
224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-00-00-16 static
224.0.0.251 01-00-5e-00-00-fb static
224.0.0.252 01-00-5e-00-00-fc static
239.255.255.250 01-00-5e-7f-ff-fa static
This example uses a previously created and imported format.ps1xml file for the custom type name.
This command will provide a summary of relevant information for the current user in a PowerShell Session. You might use this to troubleshoot an end-user problem running a script or command.
PS C:\> Get-PSWho
User : WINDESK11\Art
Elevated : True
Computername : WINDESK11
OperatingSystem : Microsoft Windows 11 Pro [64-bit]
OSVersion : 10.0.22622
PSVersion : 5.1.22621.436
Edition : Desktop
PSHost : ConsoleHost
WSMan : 3.0
ExecutionPolicy : RemoteSigned
Culture : English (United States)
You can also turn this into a text block using the AsString parameter. This is helpful when you want to include the output in some type of report.
This command is intended to let you see your verbose output and write the verbose messages to a log file. It will only work if the verbose pipeline is enabled, usually when your command is run with -Verbose. This function is designed to be used within your scripts and functions. You either have to hard-code a file name or find some other way to define it in your function or control script. You could pass a value as a parameter or set it as a PSDefaultParameterValue.
This command has aliases Tee-Verbose and tv.
Begin {
$log = New-RandomFilename -useTemp -extension log
Write-Detail "Starting $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)" -Prefix begin |
Tee-Verbose $log
Write-Detail "Logging verbose output to $log" -prefix begin |
Tee-Verbose -append
Write-Detail "Initializing data array" -Prefix begin |
Tee-Verbose $log -append
$data = @()
} #beginWhen the command is run with -Verbose you will see the verbose output and it will be saved to the specified log file.
Throughout your PowerShell work, you may discover that some commands and scripts can leave behind runspaces such as ConvertTo-WPFGrid. You may even deliberately be creating additional runspaces. These runspaces will remain until you exit your PowerShell session. Or use this command to cleanly close and dispose of runspaces.
Get-RunSpace | where ID -gt 1 | Remove-RunSpaceGet all runspaces with an ID greater than 1, which is typically your current session, and remove the runspace.
A simple function to get common locations. This can be useful with cross-platform scripting.
Use this command to quickly get the path to the PowerShell executable. In Windows, you should get a result like this:
PS C:\> Get-PowerShellEngine
C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
But PowerShell on non-Windows platforms is a bit different:
PS /home/jhicks> Get-PowerShellEngine
/opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh
You can also get detailed information.
Results will vary depending on whether you are running PowerShell on Windows or non-Windows systems.
Over time, as you add and remove programs, your %PATH% might change. An application may add a location but not remove it when you uninstall the application. This command makes it easier to identify locations and whether they are still good.
PS C:\> Get-PathVariable
Scope UserName Path Exists
----- -------- ---- ------
User Jeff C:\Program Files\kdiff3 True
User Jeff C:\Program Files (x86)\Bitvise SSH Client True
User Jeff C:\Program Files\OpenSSH True
User Jeff C:\Program Files\Intel\WiFi\bin\ True
User Jeff C:\Program Files\Common Files\Intel\WirelessCommon\ True
User Jeff C:\Users\Jeff\AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Co... True
User Jeff C:\Program Files (x86)\Vale\ True
...
Get files last modified within a certain interval. The default is 24 hours.
PS C:\> Get-LastModifiedFile -Path c:\work
Directory: C:\work
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a--- 11/30/2021 1:52 PM 2010 a.txt
-a--- 11/30/2021 1:52 PM 5640 b.txt
But you can specify other ranges.
PS C:\> Get-LastModifiedFile -Path c:\scripts -filter *.xml -Interval Months -IntervalCount 6
Directory: C:\Scripts
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a--- 8/31/2021 7:12 PM 17580 DefaultDomainPolicy.xml
-a--- 8/31/2021 7:12 PM 17290 PKIAutoEnroll.xml
-a--- 8/31/2021 8:43 PM 9786 sample-gpo.xml
-a--- 8/31/2021 7:24 PM 50062 TestUser.xml
-a--- 6/22/2021 7:47 PM 4628 vaults.xml
You might use this command with other PowerShell commands to get usage statistics.
PS C:\> Get-LastModifiedFile -Path c:\scripts -Recurse -Interval Years -IntervalCount 1 |
>> Group-Object {$_.LastWriteTime.month} |
>> Select-Object @{Name="Month";Expression = {"{0:MMM}" -f (Get-Date -Month $_.Name)}},
>> Count
Month Count
----- -----
Jan 152
Feb 200
Mar 228
Apr 169
May 106
Jun 92
Jul 86
Aug 112
Sep 109
Oct 136
Nov 225
Dec 216
This command will search a given directory and produce a report of all files based on their file extension. This command is only available in PowerShell 7. The extension with the largest total size will be highlighted in color.
This command will test if a given folder path is empty of all files anywhere in the path. This includes hidden files. The command will return True even if there are empty sub-folders. The default output is True or False but you can use -PassThru to get more information.
PS C:\> Get-ChildItem c:\work -Directory | Test-EmptyFolder -PassThru |
Where-Object {$_.IsEmpty} |
Foreach-Object { Remove-Item -LiteralPath $_.path -Recurse -force -WhatIf}
What if: Performing the operation "Remove Directory" on target "C:\work\demo3".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove Directory" on target "C:\work\installers".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove Directory" on target "C:\work\new".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove Directory" on target "C:\work\sqlback".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove Directory" on target "C:\work\todd".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove Directory" on target "C:\work\[data]".
Find all empty sub-folders under C:\Work and pipe them to Remove-Item. This is one way to remove empty folders. The example is piping objects to ForEach-Object so that Remove-Item can use the -LiteralPath parameter because C:\work\[data] is a non-standard path.
Use this command to quickly get the size of a folder. You also have the option to include hidden files. The command will measure all files in all subdirectories.
PS C:\> Get-FolderSizeInfo c:\work
Computername Path TotalFiles TotalSize
------------ ---- ---------- ---------
BOVINE320 C:\work 931 137311146
PS C:\> Get-FolderSizeInfo c:\work -Hidden
Computername Path TotalFiles TotalSize
------------ ---- ---------- ---------
BOVINE320 C:\work 1375 137516856
The command includes a format file with an additional view to display the total size in KB, MB, GB, or TB.
PS C:\> Get-ChildItem D:\ -Directory | Get-FolderSizeInfo -Hidden |
Where-Object TotalSize -gt 1gb | Sort-Object TotalSize -Descending |
Format-Table -View gb
Computername Path TotalFiles TotalSizeGB
------------ ---- ---------- -----------
BOVINE320 D:\Autolab 159 137.7192
BOVINE320 D:\VMDisks 18 112.1814
BOVINE320 D:\ISO 17 41.5301
BOVINE320 D:\FileHistory 104541 36.9938
BOVINE320 D:\Vagrant 13 19.5664
BOVINE320 D:\Vms 83 5.1007
BOVINE320 D:\2016 1130 4.9531
BOVINE320 D:\video 125 2.592
BOVINE320 D:\blog 21804 1.1347
BOVINE320 D:\pstranscripts 122092 1.0914
Or you can use the name view.
PS C:\> Get-ChildItem c:\work -Directory | Get-FolderSizeInfo -Hidden |
Where-Object {$_.TotalSize -ge 2mb} | Format-Table -view name
Path: C:\work
Name TotalFiles TotalKB
---- ---------- -------
A 20 5843.9951
keepass 15 5839.084
PowerShellBooks 26 4240.3779
sunday 47 24540.6523
Use this command to clean and optimize content from text files. Sometimes text files have blank lines, or the content has trailing spaces. These sorts of issues can cause problems when passing the content to other commands.
This command will strip out any lines that are blank or have nothing by white space, and trim leading and trailing spaces. The optimized text is then written back to the pipeline. Optionally, you can specify a property name. This can be useful when your text file is a list of computer names and you want to take advantage of pipeline binding.
A PowerShell version of the CLI where.exe command. You can search with a simple or regex pattern.
PS C:\> pswhere winword.exe -Path c:\ -Recurse -first
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\root\Office16\WINWORD.EXE
Note that you might see errors for directories where you don't have access permission. This is normal.
This command will generate a custom file name based on a template string that you provide.
PS C:\> New-CustomFileName %computername_%day%monthname%yr-%time.log
COWPC_28Nov19-142138.log
PS C:\> New-CustomFileName %dayofweek-%####.dat
Tuesday-3128.dat
You can create a template string using any of these variables. Most of these should be self-explanatory.
- %username
- %computername
- %year - 4-digit year
- %yr - 2-digit year
- %monthname - The abbreviated month name
- %month - The month number
- %dayofweek - The full name of the weekday
- %day
- %hour
- %minute
- %time
- %string - A random string
- %guid
You can also insert a random number using % followed by a # character for each digit you want.
22 = %##
654321 = %######
Create a new random file name. The default is a completely random name, including the extension.
PS C:\> New-RandomFilename
fykxecvh.ipw
But you can specify an extension.
PS C:\> New-RandomFilename -extension dat
emevgq3r.dat
Optionally you can create a random file name using the TEMP folder or your HOME folder. On Windows platforms, this will default to your Documents folder.
PS C:\> New-RandomFilename -extension log -UseHomeFolder
C:\Users\Jeff\Documents\kbyw4fda.log
On Linux machines, it will be the home folder.
PS /mnt/c/scripts> New-RandomFilename -home -Extension tmp
/home/jhicks/oces0epq.tmp
This command is designed to accept pipelined output and create a markdown document. The pipeline output will be formatted as a text block or a table You can optionally define a title, content to appear before the output, and content to appear after the output. You can run a command like this:
Get-Service Bits,Winrm |
ConvertTo-Markdown -title "Service Check" -PreContent "## $($env:computername)"
-PostContent "_report $(Get-Date)_"which generates this markdown:
# Service Check
## THINKX1
```dos
Status Name DisplayName
------ ---- -----------
Running Bits Background Intelligent Transfer Ser...
Running Winrm Windows Remote Management (WS-Manag...
```
_report 09/25/2021 09:57:12_You also have the option to format the output as a markdown table.
ConvertTo-Markdown -title "OS Summary" -PreContent "## $($env:computername)" -PostContent "_Confidential_" -AsTableWhich creates this markdown output.
# OS Summary
## THINKX1-JH
| ProductName | EditionID | ReleaseID | Build | Branch | InstalledUTC | Computername |
| ----------- | --------- | --------- | ----- | ------ | ------------ | ------------ |
| Windows 10 Pro | Professional | 2009 | 22000.376 | co_release | 08/10/2021 00:17:07 | THINKX1-JH |
_Confidential_
Or you can create a list table with the property name in one column and the value in the second column.
Get-WindowsVersion | ConvertTo-Markdown -title "OS Summary" -PreContent "## $($env:computername)" -PostContent "_Confidential_" -AsList# OS Summary
## THINKX1-JH
| | |
|----|----|
|ProductName|Windows 10 Pro|
|EditionID|Professional|
|ReleaseID|2009|
|Build|22000.376|
|Branch|co_release|
|InstalledUTC|8/10/2021 12:17:07 AM|
|Computername|THINKX1-JH|
_Confidential_
Because the function writes markdown to the pipeline you will need to pipe it to a command Out-File to create a file.
Because this module is intended to make scripting easier for you, it adds a few editor-specific features if you import this module in either the PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code. The VS Code features assume you are using the integrated PowerShell terminal.
One such feature is the ability to insert ToDo statements into PowerShell files. If you are using the PowerShell ISE or VS Code and import this module, it will add the capability to insert a line like this:
# [12/13/2020 16:52:40] TODO: Add parameters
In the PowerShell ISE, you will get a new menu under Add-Ons.
You can use the menu or keyboard shortcut which will launch an input box.
The comment will be inserted at the current cursor location.
In VS Code, access the command palette (Ctrl+Shift+P) and then PowerShell: Show Additional Commands from PowerShell Modules. Select Insert ToDo from the list, and you'll get the same input box. Note that this will only work for PowerShell files.
Another feature is the ability to set your terminal location to match that of the currently active file. For example, if the current file is located in C:\Scripts\Foo and your terminal location is D:\Temp\ABC, you can quickly jump to the file location.
PS D:\Temp\ABC\> sd
PS C:\Scripts\Foo\>
The full command name is Set-LocationToFile but you'll find it easier to use the sd or jmp aliases. This command will also clear the host.
This function is a graphical replacement for Read-Host. It creates a simple WPF form that you can use to get user input. The value of the text box will be written to the pipeline.
$name = Invoke-InputBox -Prompt "Enter a user name" -Title "New User Setup"
You can also capture a secure string.
Invoke-InputBox -Prompt "Enter a password for $Name" -AsSecureString
-BackgroundColor red
This example also demonstrates that you can change the form's background color. This function will not work in PowerShell Core.
This function creates a Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) based message box. This is intended to replace the legacy MsgBox function from VBScript and the Windows Forms library. The command uses a set of predefined button sets, each of which will close the form and write a value to the pipeline.
- OK = 1
- Cancel = 0
- Yes = $True
- No = $False
You can also create an ordered hashtable of buttons and values. It is assumed you will typically use this function in a script where you can capture the output and take some action based on the value.
New-WPFMessageBox -Message "Are you sure you want to do this?"
-Title Confirm -Icon Question -ButtonSet YesNo
You can also create your a custom button set as well as modify the background color.
New-WPFMessageBox -Message "Select a system option from these choices:"
-Title "You Decide" -Background cornsilk -Icon Warning
-CustomButtonSet ([ordered]@{"Reboot"=1;"Shutdown"=2;"Cancel"=3})
This command is an alternative to Out-GridView. It works much the same way. Run a PowerShell command and pipe it to this command. The output will be displayed in an auto-sized data grid. You can click on column headings to sort. You can resize columns and you can re-order columns.
Get-Eventlog -list -ComputerName DOM1,SRV1,SRV2 |
Select MachineName,Log,MaximumKilobytes,OverflowAction,
@{Name="RetentionDays";Expression={$_.MinimumRetentionDays}},
@{Name="Entries";Expression = {$_.entries.count}} |
ConvertTo-WPFGrid -Title "Event Log Report"
You can also automatically refresh the data.
Get-Process | Sort-Object WS -Descending |
Select-Object -first 20 ID,Name,WS,VM,PM,Handles,StartTime |
ConvertTo-WPFGrid -Refresh -timeout 20 -Title "Top Processes"
Note that in v2.4.0 the form layout was modified and may not be reflected in these screenshots.
This command is intended to convert a long PowerShell expression with named parameters into a splatting alternative.
PS C:\> Convert-CommandToHashtable -Text "get-eventlog -listlog
-computername a,b,c,d -ErrorAction stop"
$paramHash = @{
listlog = $True
computername = "a","b","c","d"
ErrorAction = "stop"
}
Get-EventLog @paramHash
The idea is that you can copy the output of the command into a script file.
This function is similar to Import-PowerShellDataFile. But where that command can only process a file, this command will take any hashtable-formatted string and convert it into an actual hashtable.
PS C:\> Get-Content c:\work\test.psd1 | UnProtect-CMSMessage |
Convert-HashtableString
Name Value
---- -----
CreatedBy BOVINE320\Jeff
CreatedAt 10/02/2020 21:28:47 UTC
Computername Think51
Error
Completed True
Date 10/02/2020 21:29:35 UTC
Scriptblock restart-service spooler -force
CreatedOn BOVINE320
The test.psd1 file is protected as a CMS Message. In this example, the contents are decoded as a string which is then in turn converted into an actual hashtable.
Use this command to convert a hashtable into its text or string equivalent.
PS C:\> $h = @{Name="SRV1";Asset=123454;Location="Omaha"}
PS C:\> Convert-HashtableToCode $h
@{
Name = 'SRV1'
Asset = 123454
Location = 'Omaha'
}
Convert a hashtable object to a string equivalent that you can copy into your script.
This command will take an object and create a hashtable based on its properties. You can have the hashtable exclude some properties as well as properties that have no value.
PS C:\> Get-Process -id $pid | Select-Object Name,Id,Handles,WorkingSet |
ConvertTo-Hashtable
Name Value
---- -----
WorkingSet 418377728
Name powershell_ise
Id 3456
Handles 958
This command will combine two hash tables into a single hash table. Join-Hashtable will test for duplicate keys. If any of the keys from the first, or primary hashtable are found in the secondary hashtable, you will be prompted for which to keep. Or you can use -Force which will always keep the conflicting key from the first hashtable.
PS C:\> $a=@{Name="Jeff";Count=3;Color="Green"}
PS C:\> $b=@{Computer="HAL";Enabled=$True;Year=2020;Color="Red"}
PS C:\> Join-Hashtable $a $b
Duplicate key Color
A Green
B Red
Which key do you want to KEEP \[AB\]?: A
Name Value
---- -----
Year 2020
Name Jeff
Enabled True
Color Green
Computer HAL
Count 3
This command allows you to rename a key in an existing hashtable or ordered dictionary object.
PS C:\> $h = Get-Service Spooler | ConvertTo-Hashtable
The hashtable in $h has a MachineName property which can be renamed.
PS C:\> Rename-Hashtable -Name h -Key MachineName -NewKey Computername
-PassThru
Name Value
---- -----
ServiceType Win32OwnProcess, InteractiveProcess
ServiceName Spooler
Container
CanPauseAndContinue False
RequiredServices {RPCSS, http}
ServicesDependedOn {RPCSS, http}
Computername .
CanStop True
StartType Automatic
Site
ServiceHandle SafeServiceHandle
DisplayName Print Spooler
CanShutdown False
Status Running
Name Spooler
DependentServices {Fax}
The module contains several functions that simplify the use of Select-Object or Select-Object in conjunction with Where-Object. The commands are intended to make it easier to select objects in a pipelined expression. The commands include features so that you can sort the incoming objects on a given property first.
Normally, you might run a command with Select-Object like this:
Get-Process | Select-Object -first 5 -Property WS -Descending
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) CPU(s) Id SI ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ------ -- -- -----------
696 89 615944 426852 391.97 7352 0 sqlservr
541 78 262532 274576 278.41 6208 8 Code
1015 70 227824 269504 137.39 16484 8 powershell_ise
1578 111 204852 254640 98.58 21332 8 firefox
884 44 221872 245712 249.23 12456 8 googledrivesyncTo streamline the process a bit, you can use Select-First.
Get-Process | Select-First 5 -Property WS -Descending
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) CPU(s) Id SI ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ------ -- -- -----------
696 89 615944 426852 391.97 7352 0 sqlservr
541 78 262532 274576 278.41 6208 8 Code
1015 70 227824 269504 137.39 16484 8 powershell_ise
1578 111 204852 254640 98.58 21332 8 firefox
884 44 221872 245712 249.23 12456 8 googledrivesyncEven better, use the command alias first.
Get-Process | Sort-Object ws -Descending | first 5You can perform a similar operation using Select-Last or its alias last.
Get-ChildItem -Path c:\scripts\*.ps1 | Sort-Object LastWriteTime | last 10Select-After is a simplified version of Select-Object. The premise is that you can pipe a collection of objects to this command and select objects after a given DateTime, based on a property, like LastWriteTime, which is the default. This command has an alias of after.
Get-ChildItem -Path c:\scripts\ -file | after 11/1/2020
Directory: C:\Scripts
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a--- 11/2/2020 11:08 AM 3522 Get-ServiceWPFRunspace.ps1
-a--- 11/1/2020 11:05 AM 5321 Trace.ps1
-a--- 11/2/2020 11:39 AM 2321 WinFormDemo2.ps1Or you can specify property depending on the object.
Get-Process | after (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-1) -Property StartTime
NPM(K) PM(M) WS(M) CPU(s) Id SI ProcessName
------ ----- ----- ------ -- -- -----------
13 3.14 13.73 0.05 19156 2 notepadThis is selecting all processes that started within the last minute.
Select-Before is the opposite of Select-After.
Get-ChildItem -Path c:\scripts -file | before 1/1/2008
Directory: C:\Scripts
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a--- 12/5/2007 2:19 PM 29618 1000MaleNames.txt
-a--- 4/8/2006 10:27 AM 3779 530215.ps1
-a--- 8/7/2005 1:00 AM 4286 ADUser.wsc
-a--- 9/18/2006 9:27 PM 1601 allserviceinfo.ps1
...As with Select-After, you can specify a property to use.
Get-AdUser -filter * -Properties WhenCreated |
Before 11/1/2020 -Property WhenCreated | Select-Object Name,WhenCreated
Name WhenCreated
---- -----------
Administrator 10/26/2020 6:47:39 PM
Guest 10/26/2020 6:47:39 PM
DefaultAccount 10/26/2020 6:47:39 PM
krbtgt 10/26/2020 6:50:47 PM
MaryL 10/26/2020 6:56:24 PM
ArtD 10/26/2020 6:56:24 PM
AprilS 10/26/2020 6:56:25 PM
MikeS 10/26/2020 6:56:25 PM
...Select-Newest is designed to make it easier to select X number of objects based on a DateTime property. The default property value is LastWriteTime.
Get-ChildItem -Path d:\temp -file | newest 10
Directory: D:\temp
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a--- 11/4/2020 5:12 PM 5149954 watcherlog.txt
-a--- 11/3/2020 10:00 PM 3215 DailyIncremental_202011031000.txt
-a--- 11/2/2020 10:00 PM 11152 DailyIncremental_202011021000.txt
-a--- 11/2/2020 3:40 PM 852 t.ps1
-a--- 11/1/2020 10:00 PM 2376 DailyIncremental_202011011000.txt
-a--- 10/31/2020 10:00 PM 3150 DailyIncremental_202010311000.txt
-a--- 10/30/2020 10:07 PM 17844 WeeklyFull_202010301000.txt
-a--- 10/30/2020 1:00 PM 208699 datatfile-5.png
-a--- 10/30/2020 12:57 PM 1264567 datatfile-4.png
-a--- 10/30/2020 12:27 PM 421341 datatfile-3.pngOr specify a property.
Get-ADUser -filter * -Properties WhenCreated |
Select-Newest 5 -Property WhenCreated |
Select-object DistinguishedName,WhenCreated
DistinguishedName WhenCreated
----------------- -----------
CN=Marcia Brady,OU=Employees,DC=Company,DC=Pri 11/4/2020 3:15:27 PM
CN=Gladys Kravitz,OU=Employees,DC=Company,DC=Pri 11/4/2020 3:14:45 PM
CN=S.Talone,OU=Employees,DC=Company,DC=Pri 10/26/2020 3:56:31 PM
CN=A.Fieldhouse,OU=Employees,DC=Company,DC=Pri 10/26/2020 3:56:31 PM
CN=K.Moshos,OU=Employees,DC=Company,DC=Pri 10/26/2020 3:56:31 PMSelect-Oldest is the opposite of Select-Newest and works the same way.
Get-Process | newest 5 -Property StartTime
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) CPU(s) Id SI ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ------ -- -- -----------
145 8 1692 7396 0.02 9676 0 SearchFilterHost
344 13 2604 13340 0.02 33668 0 SearchProtocolHost
114 7 1340 6116 0.02 35028 0 svchost
140 8 2684 8796 0.03 32552 0 svchost
118 8 1580 7476 0.02 35668 0 svchostThese custom Select commands are not necessarily designed for performance and there may be better ways to achieve the same results from these examples.
The module has a couple of date and time-related commands.
Convert a local DateTime value to universal time. The default is to convert the current time, but you can specify a datetime value.
PS C:\> ConvertTo-UTCTime
Monday, March 4, 2019 5:51:26 PM
Convert a datetime that is UTC-5 to universal time.
PS C:\> ConvertFrom-UTCTime "3/4/2019 6:00PM"
Monday, March 4, 2019 1:00:00 PM
Convert a universal DateTime to the local time.
Display a group of time settings for a collection of locations. This command is a PowerShell equivalent of a world clock. It will display a DateTime value against a collection of locations. You can specify an ordered hashtable of locations and time zones. You can run a command like:
[System.TimeZoneinfo]::GetSystemTimeZones() | Out-GridViewor
Get-TimeZone -ListAvailableTo discover time zone names. Note that the ID is case-sensitive. You can then use the command like this:
PS C:\> Get-MyTimeInfo -Locations ([ordered]@{Seattle="Pacific Standard time";
"New Zealand" = "New Zealand Standard Time"}) -HomeTimeZone
"central standard time" | Select Now,Home,Seattle,'New Zealand'
Now Home Seattle New Zealand
--- ---- ------- -----------
3/4/2019 1:18:36 PM 3/4/2019 12:18:36 PM 3/4/2019 10:18:36 AM 3/5/2019 7:18:36 AM
This is a handy command when traveling and your laptop is using a locally derived time and you want to see the time in other locations. It is recommended that you set a PSDefaultParameter value for the HomeTimeZone parameter in your PowerShell profile.
It can be tricky sometimes to see a time in a foreign location and try to figure out the local time. This command attempts to simplify this process. In addition to the remote time, you need the base UTC offset for the remote location.
PS C:\> Get-TimeZone -ListAvailable | Where-Object id -match Hawaii
Id : Hawaiian Standard Time
DisplayName : (UTC-10:00) Hawaii
StandardName : Hawaiian Standard Time
DaylightName : Hawaiian Daylight Time
BaseUtcOffset : -10:00:00
SupportsDaylightSavingTime : False
PS C:\> ConvertTo-LocalTime "10:00AM" -10:00:00
Thursday, March 14, 2019 4:00:00 PM
In this example, the user is first determining the UTC offset for Hawaii. Then 10:00 AM, in say Honolulu, is converted to local time, which in this example is in the Eastern Time zone.
This command uses a free and publicly available REST API offered by http://worldtimeapi.org to get a list of time zone areas. You can get a list of all areas or by geographic location. Use Get-TZData to then retrieve details.
PS C:\> Get-TZList Australia
Australia/Adelaide
Australia/Brisbane
Australia/Broken_Hill
Australia/Currie
Australia/Darwin
Australia/Eucla
Australia/Hobart
Australia/Lindeman
Australia/Lord_Howe
Australia/Melbourne
Australia/Perth
Australia/Sydney
This command also uses the API from WorldTimeAPI.org to retrieve details about a given time zone area.
PS C:\> Get-TZData Australia/Hobart
Timezone Label Offset DST Time
-------- ----- ------ --- ----
Australia/Hobart AEDT 11:00:00 True 3/16/2019 3:43:14 AM
The Time value is the current time at the remote location. The command presents a formatted object but you can also get the raw data.
PS C:\> Get-TZData Australia/Hobart -Raw
week_number : 11
utc_offset : +11:00
unixtime : 1552668285
timezone : Australia/Hobart
dst_until : 2019-04-06T16:00:00+00:00
dst_from : 2020-10-06T16:00:00+00:00
dst : True
day_of_year : 75
day_of_week : 6
datetime : 2019-03-16T03:44:45.689655+11:00
abbreviation : AEDT
When working with TimeSpan objects or durations in XML files, such as those from scheduled tasks, the format is a little different than what you might expect. The specification is described at https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#duration. Use this command to convert a timespan into a lexical format you can use in an XML file where you need to specify a duration.
PS C:\> ConvertTo-LexicalTimespan (New-TimeSpan -Days 7 -hours 12)
P7DT12H
Likewise, you might need to convert a lexical value back into a timespan.
PS C:\> ConvertFrom-LexicalTimeSpan P7DT12H
Days : 7
Hours : 12
Minutes : 0
Seconds : 0
Milliseconds : 0
Ticks : 6480000000000
TotalDays : 7.5
TotalHours : 180
TotalMinutes : 10800
TotalSeconds : 648000
TotalMilliseconds : 648000000
These functions were first described at https://jdhitsolutions.com/blog/powershell/7101/converting-lexical-timespans-with-powershell/
Get-PSSessionInfo will display a summary of your current PowerShell session. It should work on all platforms.
If you are running in a PowerShell console session, and the Elevated value is True, it will be displayed in color. The Memory and Runtime values are calculated ScriptProperties.
This command is intended for writers and those who need to document with PowerShell. You can pipe any command to this function, and you will get the regular output in your PowerShell session. Simultaneously, a copy of the output will be sent to the Windows clipboard. The copied output will include a prompt constructed from the current location unless you use the CommandOnly parameter.
You can run a command like:
Get-Process | Sort WS -Descending | Select-Object -first 5 | Out-CopyThis text will be copied to the clipboard.
PS C:\> Get-Process | Sort WS -Descending | Select -first 5
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) CPU(s) Id SI ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ------ -- -- -----------
1849 253 810320 820112 445.38 17860 1 firefox
765 61 949028 758200 23.36 6052 0 sqlservr
446 115 441860 471032 28.59 18204 1 Teams
2307 192 313204 459616 325.23 15748 1 firefox
2050 163 451744 433772 94.63 19780 1 thunderbird
This command provides a PowerShell alternative to the cmd.exe MORE command, which doesn't work in the PowerShell ISE. When you have screens of information, you can page it with this function.
Get-Service | Out-More
This also works in PowerShell 7.
Set the title bar of the current PowerShell console window.
if (Test-IsAdministrator) {
Set-ConsoleTitle "Administrator: $($PSVersionTable.PSVersion)"
}This command will create a character or text-based border around a line of text. You might use this to create a formatted text report or to improve the display of information on the screen.
PS C:\> Add-Border $env:computername
*******
* COW *
*******
Starting in v2.23.0 you can also use ANSI escape sequences to color the text and/or the border.
$params =@{
TextBlock = (Get-PSWho -AsString ).trim()
ANSIBorder = "`e[38;5;214m"
Character = ([char]0x25CA)
ANSIText = "`e[38;5;225m"
}
Add-Border @paramsThis example assumes you are running PowerShell 7.
Show-Tree will display the specified path as a graphical tree in the console. This is intended as a PowerShell alternative to the DOS tree command. This function should work for any type of PowerShell provider and can be used to explore providers used for configuration like the WSMan provider or the registry. By default, the output will only show directory items or equivalent structures. But you can opt to include items as well as item details.
If you are running Windows PowerShell 5.1 and specifying a file system path, you can display the tree in a colorized format by using the -InColor dynamic parameter.
Beginning with module version 2.21.0, this command uses ANSI Color schemes from a JSON file. You can customize the file if you wish. See the PSAnsiMap section of this README. If you are using $PSStyle.FileInfo, colorization will use these values.$[ps]
This command has an alias of pstree.
PS C:\> pstree c:\work\alpha -files -properties LastWriteTime,Length
C:\work\Alpha\
+-- LastWriteTime = 02/28/2020 11:19:32
+--bravo
| +-- LastWriteTime = 02/28/2020 11:20:30
| +--delta
| | +-- LastWriteTime = 02/28/2020 11:17:35
| | +--FunctionDemo.ps1
| | | +-- Length = 888
| | | \-- LastWriteTime = 06/01/2009 15:50:47
| | +--function-form.ps1
| | | +-- Length = 1117
| | | \-- LastWriteTime = 04/17/2019 17:18:28
| | +--function-logstamp.ps1
| | | +-- Length = 598
| | | \-- LastWriteTime = 05/23/2007 11:39:55
| | +--FunctionNotes.ps1
| | | +-- Length = 617
| | | \-- LastWriteTime = 02/24/2016 08:59:03
| | \--Function-SwitchTest.ps1
| | +-- Length = 242
| | \-- LastWriteTime = 06/09/2008 15:55:44
| +--gamma
...
This example uses parameter and command aliases. You can display a tree listing with files including user-specified properties. Use a value of * to show all properties.
New-RedGreenGradient, which displays a bar going from red to green. This might be handy when you want to present a visual indicator.
The module contains a set of simple commands to make it easier to format values.
Treat a value as a percentage. This will write a [double] and not include the % sign.
PS C:\> Format-Percent -Value 123.5646MB -total 1GB -Decimal 4
12.0669
Use this command to perform one of several string manipulation "tricks".
PS C:\> Format-String "powershell" -Reverse -Case Proper
Llehsrewop
PS C:\> Format-String PowerShell -Randomize
wSlhoeePlr
PS C:\> Format-String "!MySecretPWord" -Randomize
-Replace @{S="$";e=&{Get-Random -min 1 -max 9};o="^"} -Reverse
yr7!^7WcMtr$Pd
This command will format a given numeric value. By default, it will treat the number as an integer. Or you can specify a certain number of decimal places. The command will also allow you to format the value in KB, MB, etc.
PS C:\> Format-Value 1235465676 -Unit kb
1206509
PS C:\> Format-Value 123.45 -AsCurrency
$123.45
PS C:\> (Get-Process | Measure-Object ws -sum).sum |
Format-Value -Unit mb | Format-Value -AsNumber
9,437
Or pull it all together:
Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem |
Select-Object @{Name = "TotalMemGB";
Expression={Format-Value $_.TotalVisibleMemorySize -Unit mb}},
@{Name="FreeMemGB";
Expression={Format-Value $_.FreePhysicalMemory -unit mb -Decimal 2}},
@{Name="PctFree";
Expression={Format-Percent -Value $_.FreePhysicalMemory `
-Total $_.totalVisibleMemorySize -Decimal 2}}TotalMemGB FreeMemGB PctFree
---------- --------- -------
32 14.05 44.06
This command is an alternative to using Get-Member.
Specify a type name to see a simple view of an object's members.
The output will only show native members, including static methods, but not those added by PowerShell such as ScriptProperties.
The command will highlight properties that are enumerations.
The highlighting only works in the console and VSCode.
The output includes a property set type extension.
PS C:\> Get-TypeMember datetime -MemberType method | Select MethodSyntax
Name ReturnType IsStatic Syntax
---- ---------- -------- ------
Add System.DateTime False $obj.Add([TimeSpan]value)
AddDays System.DateTime False $obj.AddDays([Double]value)
AddHours System.DateTime False $obj.AddHours([Double]value)
AddMilliseconds System.DateTime False $obj.AddMilliseconds([Double]value)
AddMinutes System.DateTime False $obj.AddMinutes([Double]value)
...
Or you can use the custom view.
PS C:\> Get-TypeMember datetime -MemberType method | Format-Table -View Syntax
Type: System.DateTime
Name ReturnType Syntax
---- ---------- ------
Add DateTime $obj.Add([TimeSpan]value)
AddDays DateTime $obj.AddDays([Double]value)
AddHours DateTime $obj.AddHours([Double]value)
AddMilliseconds DateTime $obj.AddMilliseconds([Double]value)
AddMinutes DateTime $obj.AddMinutes([Double]value)
AddMonths DateTime $obj.AddMonths([Int32]months)
AddSeconds DateTime $obj.AddSeconds([Double]value)
AddTicks DateTime $obj.AddTicks([Int64]value)
AddYears DateTime $obj.AddYears([Int32]value)
...
This command will create the code for a dynamic parameter that you can insert into your PowerShell script file. You need to specify a parameter name and a condition. The condition value is code that would run inside an If statement. Use a value like $True if you want to add it later in your scripting editor.
PS C:\> New-PSDynamicParameter -Condition "$PSEdition -eq 'Core'" -ParameterName ANSI -Alias color -Comment "Create a parameter to use ANSI if running PowerShell 7" -ParameterType switch
DynamicParam {
# Create a parameter to use ANSI if running PowerShell 7
If (Core -eq 'Core') {
$paramDictionary = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameterDictionary
# Defining parameter attributes
$attributeCollection = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
$attributes = New-Object System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
$attributes.ParameterSetName = '__AllParameterSets'
$attributeCollection.Add($attributes)
# Adding a parameter alias
$dynalias = New-Object System.Management.Automation.AliasAttribute -ArgumentList 'color'
$attributeCollection.Add($dynalias)
# Defining the runtime parameter
$dynParam1 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter('ANSI', [Switch], $attributeCollection)
$paramDictionary.Add('ANSI', $dynParam1)
return $paramDictionary
} # end if
} #end DynamicParam
This creates dynamic parameter code that you can use in a PowerShell function. Normally you would save this output to a file or copy it to the clipboard so that you can paste it into your scripting editor.
You can also use a WPF-based front-end command, New-PSDynamicParameterForm. You can enter the values in the form. Required values are indicated by an asterisk.
Clicking Create will generate the dynamic parameter code and copy it to the Windows clipboard. You can then paste it into your scripting editor.
DynamicParam {
If ($Filter -eq 'domain') {
$paramDictionary = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameterDictionary
# Defining parameter attributes
$attributeCollection = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
$attributes = New-Object System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
$attributes.ParameterSetName = '__AllParameterSets'
$attributes.ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True
# Adding ValidatePattern parameter validation
$value = '^\w+-\w+$'
$v = New-Object System.Management.Automation.ValidatePatternAttribute($value)
$AttributeCollection.Add($v)
# Adding ValidateNotNullOrEmpty parameter validation
$v = New-Object System.Management.Automation.ValidateNotNullOrEmptyAttribute
$AttributeCollection.Add($v)
$attributeCollection.Add($attributes)
# Adding a parameter alias
$dynalias = New-Object System.Management.Automation.AliasAttribute -ArgumentList 'cn'
$attributeCollection.Add($dynalias)
# Defining the runtime parameter
$dynParam1 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter('Computername', [String], $attributeCollection)
$paramDictionary.Add('Computername', $dynParam1)
return $paramDictionary
} # end if
} #end DynamicParamIf you import the PSScriptTools module in the PowerShell ISE, you will get a menu shortcut under Add-Ins.
If you import the module in VS Code using the integrated PowerShell terminal, it will a new command. In the command palette, use `PowerShell: Show Additional Commands from PowerShell Modules".
For the most part, objects you work with in PowerShell are guaranteed to be unique. But you might import data where there is the possibility of duplicate items. Consider this CSV sample.
$Obj = "Animal,Snack,Color
Horse,Quiche,Chartreuse
Cat,Doritos,Red
Cat,Pringles,Yellow
Dog,Doritos,Yellow
Dog,Doritos,Yellow
Rabbit,Pretzels,Green
Rabbit,Popcorn,Green
Marmoset,Cheeseburgers,Black
Dog,Doritos,White
Dog,Doritos,White
Dog,Doritos,White
" | ConvertFrom-CsvThere are duplicate objects you might want to filter out. For that task, you can use Get-PSUnique.
PS C:\> $obj | Get-PSUnique | Sort-Object animal
Animal Snack Color
------ ----- -----
Cat Pringles Yellow
Cat Doritos Red
Dog Doritos White
Dog Doritos Yellow
Horse Quiche Chartreuse
Marmoset Cheeseburgers Black
Rabbit Popcorn Green
Rabbit Pretzels Green
The duplicate items have been removed. This command works best with simple objects. If your objects have nested object properties, you will need to test if this command can properly filter for unique items. For more complex objects, you should use the Property parameter.
This simple command will test if the current PowerShell session is running elevated, or as Administrator. On Windows platforms, the function uses the .NET Framework to test. On non-Windows platforms, the command tests the user's UID value.
PS C:\> Test-IsElevated
False
You can also use the Get-PSWho command to get more information.
{Get-Date -format g | Set-Clipboard} | New-FunctionItem -name Copy-DateThe script block has been converted into a function.
PS C:\> get-command copy-date
CommandType Name Version Source
----------- ---- ------- ------
Function Copy-Date
You can use this function to create a quick function definition directly from the console. This lets you quickly prototype a function. If you are happy with it, you can "export" to a file with Show-FunctionItem.
This command will display a loaded function as it might look in a code editor. You could use this command to export a loaded function to a file.
Show-FunctionItem Copy-Date | Out-File c:\scripts\Copy-Date.ps1This is a simple command that uses [System.Globalization.CultureInfo] to convert a string to Title casing.
PS C:\> ConvertTo-TitleCase "disk usage report"
Disk Usage Report
Trace-Message is designed to be used with your script or function on a Windows platform. Its purpose is to create a graphical trace window using Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF). Inside the function or script, you can use this command to send messages to the window. When finished, you have the option to save the output to a text file.
There are three steps to using this function. First, in your code, you need to create a boolean global variable called TraceEnabled. When the value is $True, the Trace-Message command will run. When set to false, the command will be ignored. Second, you need to initialize a form, specifying the title and dimensions. Finally, you can send trace messages to the window. All messages are prepended with a timestamp.
Here is a code excerpt from $PSSamplePath\Get-Status.ps1:
Function Get-Status {
[cmdletbinding(DefaultParameterSetName = 'name')]
[alias("gst")]
Param(
...
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Enable with graphical trace window")]
[switch]$Trace
)
Begin {
Write-Verbose "[$((Get-Date).TimeOfDay) BEGIN ] Starting $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)"
if ($trace) {
$global:TraceEnabled = $True
$traceTitle = "{0} Trace Log" -f $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)
Trace-Message -title $traceTitle
Trace "Starting $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)"
}
} #begin
Process {
Write-Verbose "[$((Get-Date).TimeOfDay) PROCESS] Using parameter set $($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName)"
Trace-Message -message "Using parameter set: $($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName)"
...
} #close function
$data = Get-Status -traceThe trace window starts with pre-defined metadata.
Your output might vary from this screenshot. You have the option to Save the text. The default location is $env:temp.
Some PowerShell commands are provider-aware and may have special syntax or parameters depending on what PSDrive you are using when you run the command. In Windows PowerShell, the help system could show you syntax based on a given path. However, this no longer appears to work. Get-CommandSyntax is intended as an alternative and should work in both Windows PowerShell and PowerShell 7.
Specify a cmdlet or function name, and the output will display the syntax detected when using different providers.
Get-CommandSyntax -Name Get-ItemDynamic parameters will be highlighted with an ANSI-escape sequence.
This command has an alias of gsyn.
The primary command can be used to test a PowerShell expression or script block for a specified number of times and calculate the average runtime, in milliseconds, over all the tests.
When you run a single test with Measure-Command the result might be affected by any number of factors. Likewise, running multiple tests may also be influenced by things such as caching. The goal of this module is to provide a test framework where you can run a test repeatedly with either a static or random interval between each test. The results are aggregated and analyzed. Hopefully, this will provide a more meaningful or realistic result.
The output will also show the median and trimmed values, as well as some metadata about the current PowerShell session.
PS C:\> $cred = Get-credential Globomantics\administrator
PS C:\> Test-Expression {
param($cred)
Get-WmiObject win32_LogicalDisk -computer chi-dc01 -credential $cred
} -argumentList $cred
Tests : 1
TestInterval : 0.5
AverageMS : 1990.6779
MinimumMS : 1990.6779
MaximumMS : 1990.6779
MedianMS : 1990.6779
TrimmedMS :
PSVersion :5.1.17763.134
OS : Microsoft Windows 10 Pro
You can also run multiple tests with random time intervals.
PS C:\>Test-Expression {
param([string[]]$Names)
Get-Service $names
} -count 5 -IncludeExpression -ArgumentList @('bits','wuauserv','winrm') `
-RandomMinimum .5 -RandomMaximum 5.5
Tests : 5
TestInterval : Random
AverageMS : 1.91406
MinimumMS : 0.4657
MaximumMS : 7.5746
MedianMS : 0.4806
TrimmedMS : 0.51
PSVersion : 5.1.17763.134
OS : Microsoft Windows 10 Pro
Expression : param([string[]]$Names) Get-Service $names
Arguments : {bits, wuauserv, winrm}
For very long-running tests, you can run them as a background job.
The module also includes a graphical command called Test-ExpressionForm. This is intended to serve as both an entry and results form.
When you quit the form the last result will be written to the pipeline including all metadata, the scriptblock, and any arguments.
This command is designed to make it (slightly) easier to copy code snippets from help examples. Specify the name of a function or cmdlet, presumably one with documented help examples, and you will be offered a selection of code snippets to copy to the clipboard. Code snippets have been trimmed of blank lines, most prompts, and comments. Many examples include command output. You will have to manually remove what you don't want after pasting.
The default behavior is to use a console-based menu, which works cross-platform.
Enter the number of the code to copy to the clipboard. Enter multiple numbers separated by commas.
If you are running a Windows platform, there is a dynamic help parameter to use Out-GridView.
Copy-HelpExample Stop-Service -UseGridView
If you are running this in the PowerShell ISE this is the default behavior, even if you don't specify the parameter.
Use this command to determine how much space the hidden .git folder is consuming.
PS C:\scripts\PSScriptTools> Get-GitSize
Path Files SizeKB
---- ----- ------
C:\scripts\PSScriptTools 751 6859.9834
This is the default formatted view. The object has other properties you can use.
Name : PSScriptTools
Path : C:\scripts\PSScriptTools
Files : 751
Size : 7024623
Date : 3/5/2020 2:57:06 PM
Computername : BOVINE320
When using git you may create some branches. Presumably, you merge these branches into the main or master branch. You can use this command to remove all merged branches other than master or main, and the current branch. You must be at the root of your project to run this command.
PS C:\MyProject> Remove-MergedBranch
Remove merged branch from MyProject?
2.1.1
[Y] Yes [N] No [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is "Y"): n
Remove merged branch from MyProject?
dev1
[Y] Yes [N] No [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is "Y"): y
Deleted branch dev1 (was 75f6ab8).
Remove merged branch from MyProject?
dev2
[Y] Yes [N] No [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is "Y"): y
Deleted branch dev2 (was 75f6ab8).
Remove merged branch from MyProject?
patch-254
[Y] Yes [N] No [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is "Y"): n
PS C:\MyProject>
By default, you will be prompted to remove each branch.
When writing PowerShell commands, sometimes the culture you are running under becomes critical. For example, European countries use a different DateTime format than North Americans, which might present a problem with your script or command. Unless you have a separate computer running under a foreign culture, it is difficult to test. This command will allow you to test a script block or even a file under a different culture, such as DE-DE for German.
PS C:\> Test-WithCulture fr-fr -Scriptblock {
Get-winEvent -log system -max 500 |
Select-Object -Property TimeCreated,ID,OpCodeDisplayName,Message |
Sort-Object -property TimeCreated |
Group-Object {$_.TimeCreated.ToShortDateString()} -NoElement}
Count Name
----- ----
165 10/07/2019
249 11/07/2019
17 12/07/2019
16 13/07/2019
20 14/07/2019
26 15/07/2019
7 16/07/2019
This command will copy a PowerShell command, including parameters and help to a new user-specified command. You can use this to create a "wrapper" function or to easily create a proxy function. The default behavior is to create a copy of the command complete with the original comment-based help block.
Using Get-Command, this function will return information about parameters for any loaded cmdlet or function. Common parameters like Verbose and ErrorAction are omitted. Get-ParameterInfo returns a custom object with the most useful information an administrator might need to know. The custom object includes default format views for a list and table.
When defining custom objects with a new type name, PowerShell by default will display all properties. However, you may wish to have a specific default view, be it a table or a list. Or you may want to have different views display the object differently. Format directives are stored in format.ps1xml files which can be tedious to create. This command simplifies that process.
Define a custom object:
$tName = "myThing"
$obj = [PSCustomObject]@{
PSTypeName = $tName
Name = "Jeff"
Date = (Get-Date)
Computername = $env:computername
OS = (Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem).caption
}
$upParams = @{
TypeName = $tName
MemberType = "ScriptProperty"
MemberName = "Runtime"
value = {(Get-Date) - [datetime]"1/1/2019"}
force = $True
}
Update-TypeData @upParamsThe custom object looks like this by default:
PS C:\> $obj
Name : Jeff
Date : 2/10/2019 8:49:10 PM
Computername : BOVINE320
OS : Microsoft Windows 10 Pro
Runtime : 40.20:49:43.9205882
Now you can create new formatting directives.
$tName = "myThing"
$params = @{
Properties = "Name","Date","Computername","OS"
FormatType = "Table"
Path = "C:\scripts\$tName.format.ps1xml"
}
$obj | New-PSFormatXML @params
$params.Properties= "Name","OS","Runtime"
$params.Add("ViewName","runtime")
$params.Add(Append,$True)
$obj | New-PSFormatXML @params
$params.formatType = "list"
$params.remove("Properties")
$obj | New-PSFormatXML @params
Update-FormatData -AppendPath $params.pathAnd, here is what the object looks like now:
PS C:\> $obj
Name Date Computername Operating System
---- ---- ------------ ----------------
Jeff 2/10/2019 8:49:10 PM BOVINE320 Microsoft Windows 10 Pro
PS C:\> $obj | Format-Table -View runtime
Name OS Runtime
---- -- -------
Jeff 40.20:56:24.5411481
PS C:\> $obj | Format-List
Name : Jeff
Date : Sunday, February 10, 2019
Computername : BOVINE320
OperatingSystem : Microsoft Windows 10 Pro
Runtime : 40.21:12:01
Starting with v2.31.0, you can also use a hashtable to define custom properties from script blocks.
$p = @{
FormatType = "List"
ViewName = "run"
Path = "c:\scripts\run.ps1xml"
Properties = "ID","Name","Path","StartTime",
@{Name="Runtime";Expression={(Get-Date) - $_.StartTime}}
}
Get-Process -id $pid | New-PSFormatXML @pIf you run this command from Visual Studio Code and specify -PassThru, the resulting file will be opened in your editor.
PowerShell 7 introduced the $IsWindows variable. However, it is not available on Windows PowerShell. Use this command to perform a simple test if the computer is either running Windows or using the Desktop PSEdition. The command returns True or False.
This command is designed to be used within your functions and scripts to make it easier to write a detailed message that you can use as verbose output. The assumption is that you are using an advanced function with the Begin, Process, and End script blocks. You can create a detailed message to indicate what part of the code is being executed. The output can be configured to include a DateTime stamp or just the time.
PS C:\> write-detail "Getting file information" -Prefix Process -Date
9/15/2020 11:42:43 [PROCESS] Getting file information
In a script. you might use it like this:
Begin {
Write-Detail "Starting $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)" -Prefix begin -time |
Write-Verbose
$tabs = "`t" * $tab
Write-Detail "Using a tab of $tab" -Prefix BEGIN -time | Write-Verbose
} #beginThis command is intended for Windows users to easily download the latest 64-bit version of Git.
PS C:\> Save-GitSetup -Path c:\work -PassThru
Directory: C:\work
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a--- 1/23/2020 4:31 PM 46476880 Git-2.25.0-64-bit.exe
You will need to manually install the file. Or you can try something like this:
Save-GitSetup -Path c:\work -PassThru | Invoke-ItemThe module includes a set of commands to work with CIM and are alternatives to Get-CimClass. The information from Get-CimClass is helpful, but you often need to take steps to format the results to be something meaningful. These commands aim to simplify the process.
Many of these commands have autocompletion features for the Namespace and ClassName parameters. Note that even though you can query a remote computer, the tab completion uses values from the local computer.
This function is designed to search an entire CIM repository for a class name. Sometimes, you may guess a class name but not know the full name or even the correct namespace. Find-CimClass will recursively search for a given class name. You can use wildcards and search remote computers.
You can use this command to enumerate all WMI/CIM namespaces on a computer starting from ROOT. The default behavior is to recursively enumerate on the local machine, but you can query a remote computer. If you need to support alternate credentials, create a CIMSession and pass it to the command.
PS C:\> Get-CimNamespace
Root\subscription
Root\subscription\ms_41d
Root\subscription\ms_409
Root\DEFAULT
Root\DEFAULT\ms_41d
Root\DEFAULT\ms_409
Root\CIMV2
Root\CIMV2\mdm
...
You can limit the search to top-level namespaces.
PS C:\> Get-CimNamespace -TopLevelOnly -CimSession DOM1
Root\subscription
Root\DEFAULT
Root\MicrosoftDfs
Root\CIMV2
Root\msdtc
Root\Cli
Root\MicrosoftActiveDirectory
Root\SECURITY
Root\RSOP
Root\MicrosoftDNS
Root\PEH
...
Sometimes Get-CimClass is overkill when all you want is a list of class names under a given namespace. Get-CimClassList is designed to quickly give you a list of class names. You can filter by name and exclude.
PS C:\> Get-CimClassListing *usb* -Exclude cim*
Namespace: Root/Cimv2
ClassName
---------
Win32_USBController
Win32_USBControllerDevice
Win32_USBHub
Use this command to quickly get a list of class properties.
PS C:\> Get-CimClassProperty win32_usbhub
Class: Root/Cimv2:Win32_USBHub
Property ValueType Flags
-------- --------- -----
Availability UInt16 ReadOnly, NullValue
Caption String ReadOnly, NullValue
ClassCode UInt8 NullValue
ConfigManagerErrorCode UInt32 ReadOnly, NullValue
ConfigManagerUserConfig Boolean ReadOnly, NullValue
CreationClassName String ReadOnly, NullValue
CurrentAlternateSettings UInt8Array NullValue
CurrentConfigValue UInt8 NullValue
Description String ReadOnly, NullValue
DeviceID String Key, ReadOnly, NullValue
ErrorCleared Boolean ReadOnly, NullValue
ErrorDescription String ReadOnly, NullValue
GangSwitched Boolean NullValue
InstallDate DateTime ReadOnly, NullValue
...
Key properties will be highlighted in green.
Or you can limit output specifying a property name.
PS C:\> Get-CimClassProperty Win32_OperatingSystem -Property *memory*
Class: Root/Cimv2:Win32_OperatingSystem
Property ValueType Flags
-------- --------- -----
FreePhysicalMemory UInt64 ReadOnly, NullValue
FreeVirtualMemory UInt64 ReadOnly, NullValue
MaxProcessMemorySize UInt64 ReadOnly, NullValue
TotalVirtualMemorySize UInt64 ReadOnly, NullValue
TotalVisibleMemorySize UInt64 ReadOnly, NullValue
You can likewise query for class methods.
PS C:\> Get-CimClassMethod Win32_ComputerSystem
Class: Root/Cimv2:Win32_ComputerSystem
Name ResultType Parameters
---- ---------- ----------
JoinDomainOrWorkgroup UInt32 {Name, Password, UserName, AccountOU…}
Rename UInt32 {Name, Password, UserName}
SetPowerState UInt32 {PowerState, Time}
UnjoinDomainOrWorkgroup UInt32 {Password, UserName, FUnjoinOptions}
This is a wrapper function that will invoke Get-CimClassProperty or Get-CimClassMethod based on the parameter set used. The default is to show all properties for a given class.
PS C:\> Get-CimMember -ClassName win32_bios -Method *
WARNING: No methods found for Root\Cimv2:WIN32_BIOS
PS C:\> Get-CimMember -ClassName win32_Volume -Property q*
Class: Root/Cimv2:Win32_Volume
Property ValueType Flags
-------- --------- -----
QuotasEnabled Boolean ReadOnly, NullValue
QuotasIncomplete Boolean ReadOnly, NullValue
QuotasRebuilding Boolean ReadOnly, NullValue
This command is an alternative to Get-CimClass to make it easier to get information about property qualifiers of a WMI/CIM class.
PS C:\> Get-CimClassPropertyQualifier -ClassName Win32_Service -Property Name
Property: Root/Cimv2:Win32_Service [Name]
Name Value CimType Flags
---- ----- ------- -----
key True Boolean DisableOverride, ToSubclass
read True Boolean EnableOverride, ToSubclass
Note: ANSI tools related to the filesystem are not loaded on computers where PSStyle is detected.
This module includes several custom format files for common objects like services. You can run Get-Service and pipe it to the custom table view.
Get-Service | Format-Table -view ansiThis will display the service status color-coded.
ANSI formatting will only work in a PowerShell 5.1 console window or VS Code. It will not display properly in the PowerShell ISE or older versions of PowerShell.
I have done something similar for output from Get-ChildItem. The module includes a JSON file that is exported as a global variable called PSAnsiFileMap.
PS C:\> $PSAnsiFileMap
Description Pattern Ansi
----------- ------- ----
PowerShell \.ps(d|m)?1$
Text \.(txt)|(md)|(log)$
DataFile \.(json)|(xml)|(csv)$
Executable \.(exe)|(bat)|(cmd)|(sh)$
Graphics \.(jpg)|(png)|(gif)|(bmp)|(jpeg)$
Media \.(mp3)|(m4v)|(wav)|(au)|(flac)|(mp4)$
Archive \.(zip)|(rar)|(tar)|(gzip)$
TopContainer
ChildContainer
The map includes ANSI settings for different file types. You won't see the ANSI value in the output. The module will add a custom table view called ansi which you can use to display colorized file results.
The mapping file is user-customizable. Copy the psansifilemap.json file from the module's root directory to $HOME. When you import this module, if the file is found, it will be imported and used as psansifilemap, otherwise, the module's file will be used.
The file will look like this:
[
{
"Description": "PowerShell",
"Pattern": "\\.ps(d|m)?1$",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;252;127;12m"
},
{
"Description": "Text",
"Pattern": "\\.(txt)|(md)|(log)$",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;58;120;255m"
},
{
"Description": "DataFile",
"Pattern": "\\.(json)|(xml)|(csv)$",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;249;241;165m"
},
{
"Description": "Executable",
"Pattern": "\\.(exe)|(bat)|(cmd)|(sh)$",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;197;15;31m"
},
{
"Description": "Graphics",
"Pattern": "\\.(jpg)|(png)|(gif)|(bmp)|(jpeg)$",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;255;0;255m"
},
{
"Description": "Media",
"Pattern": "\\.(mp3)|(m4v)|(wav)|(au)|(flac)|(mp4)$",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;255;199;6m"
},
{
"Description": "Archive",
"Pattern": "\\.(zip)|(rar)|(tar)|(gzip)$",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;118;38;113m"
},
{
"Description": "TopContainer",
"Pattern": "",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;0;255;255m"
},
{
"Description": "ChildContainer",
"Pattern": "",
"Ansi": "\u001b[38;2;255;255;0m"
}
]You can create or modify file groups. The Pattern value should be a regular expression pattern to match the filename. Don't forget you will need to escape characters for the JSON format. The ANSI value will be an ANSI escape sequence. You can use \u001b for the `e character.
If you prefer not to edit JSON files, you can use the PSAnsiFileMap commands from this module.
This command will display the value of the $PSAnsiFileMap variable, but will also show the ANSI sequence using the sequence itself.
Use this command to modify an existing entry. You need to specify a regular expression pattern to match the filename and/or an ANSI escape sequence. If the entry description doesn't exist, you will need to specify the regex pattern and the ANSI sequence to add the entry to $PSAnsiFileMap.
Set-PSAnsiFileMap Archive -Ansi "`e[38;5;75m"If you need to, you can remove an entry from $PSAnsiFileMap.
Remove-PSAnsiFileEntry DevFilesAny changes you make to $PSAnsiFileMap will only last until you import the module again. To make the change permanent, use Export-PSAnsiFileMap. This will create the psansifilemap.json file in your $HOME directory. When you import the PSScriptTools module, if this file is found, it will be imported. Otherwise, the default version from the module will be used.
This simple function is designed to convert an HTML color code like #ff5733 into an ANSI escape sequence.
PS C:\> Convert-HtmlToAnsi "#ff5733"
[38;2;255;87;51m
To use the resulting value you still need to construct an ANSI string with the escape character and the closing [0m.
In PowerShell 7 you can use `e. Or $([char]27) which works in all PowerShell versions.
You can use this command to create colorful bars using ANSI escape sequences based on a 256-color scheme. The default behavior is to create a gradient bar that goes from first to last values in the range and then back down again. Or you can create a single gradient that runs from the beginning of the range to the end. You can use one of the default characters or specify a custom one.
You could also use Write-ANSIProgress to show a custom ANSI bar.
Or you can use it in your code to display a console progress bar.
$sb = {
Clear-Host
$top = Get-ChildItem c:\scripts -Directory
$i = 0
$out=@()
$pos = $host.UI.RawUI.CursorPosition
Foreach ($item in $top) {
$i++
$pct = [math]::round($i/$top.count,2)
Write-ANSIProgress -PercentComplete $pct -position $pos
Write-Host " Processing $(($item.FullName).PadRight(80))"
-ForegroundColor Yellow -NoNewline
$out+= Get-ChildItem -Path $item -Recurse -file |
Measure-Object -property length -sum |
Select-Object @{Name="Path";Expression={$item.FullName}},Count,
@{Name="Size";Expression={$_.Sum}}
}
Write-Host ""
$out | Sort-Object -property Size -Descending
}
You can use Show-ANSISequence to preview how it will look in your PowerShell session. You might get a different appearance in Windows Terminal depending on the color scheme you are using.
The default behavior is to show basic sequences.
You can also view foreground and or background settings.
You can even use an RGB value.
The escape character will match what is acceptable in your version of PowerShell. These screenshots are showing PowerShell 7.
These are additional items in the module that you might find useful in your PowerShell work.
The module includes several custom format.ps1xml files that define additional views for common objects. Some of these have already been demonstrated elsewhere in this document.
For example, there is a custom table view for Aliases.
PS C:\> Get-Alias | Sort-Object Source | Format-Table -view Source
Source:
Name Definition
---- ----------
nmo New-Module
ni New-Item
npssc New-PSSessionConfigurationFile
nv New-Variable
nsn New-PSSession
...
Source: Microsoft.PowerShell.Management 3.1.0.0
Name Definition
---- ----------
gtz Get-TimeZone
stz Set-TimeZone
...
Source: Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility 3.1.0.0
Name Definition
---- ----------
fhx Format-Hex
CFS ConvertFrom-String
Source: PSScriptTools 2.31.0
Name Definition
---- ----------
clr Convert-EventLogRecord
gsi Get-FolderSizeInfo
wver Get-WindowsVersion
gpi Get-ParameterInfo
che Copy-HelpExample
...
Some custom formats use ANSI to highlight information, assuming you are running in PowerShell Console Host.
In this format view, ReadOnly aliases are displayed in Red.
Use Get-FormatView to discover available format views. Or if you'd like to create custom views look at New-PSFormatXML
When you import the module, you will also import customized type extensions. These are designed to make it easier to work with common objects in PowerShell.
The module will extend file objects with the following alias properties:
| New Alias | Property |
|---|---|
| Size | Length |
| Created | CreationTime |
| Modified | LastWriteTime |
You also have new script properties
| Script Property | Description |
|---|---|
| ModifiedAge | A timespan between the current date the and last write time |
| CreatedAge | A timespan between the current date the and creation time |
| SizeKB | The file size formatted in KB to 2 decimal places |
| SizeMB | The file size formatted in MB to 2 decimal places |
PS C:\> Get-ChildItem C:\work\pswork.xml | Select-Object Name,Size,SizeKB,SizeMB,Created,CreatedAge,Modified,ModifiedAge
Name : pswork.xml
Size : 32072432
SizeKB : 31320.73
SizeMB : 30.59
Created : 1/5/2021 6:46:43 PM
CreatedAge : 175.17:47:00.4966770
Modified : 1/6/2021 11:53:20 AM
ModifiedAge : 175.00:40:23.3527674
The module will extend process objects with a Runtime script property.
PS C:\> Get-Process | Sort-Object runtime -Descending |
Select-Object -first 5 -Property ID,Name,Runtime
Id Name Runtime
-- ---- -------
120 Secure System 20:44:51.6139043
204 Registry 20:44:51.3661961
4 System 20:44:48.2820565
704 smss 20:44:48.2726401
820 csrss 20:44:44.7760844
The Idle process will have a null value for this property.
A number of the commands in this module can use special characters. To make it easier, when you import the module, it will create a global variable that is a hash table of common special characters. Because it is a hashtable, you can add to it.
The names are the same as used in CharMap.exe. Don't let the naming confuse you. It may say BlackSquare, but the color will depend on how you use it.
Get-WindowsVersionString |
Add-Border -border $PSSpecialChar.BlackSmallSquare `
-ANSIBorder "$([char]0x1b)[38;5;214m"
This PowerShell module contains several functions you might use to enhance your functions and scripts. The Samples folder contains demonstration script files. You can access the folder in PowerShell using the $PSSamplePath.
dir $PSSamplePathThe samples provide suggestions on how you might use some of the commands in this module. The scripts are offered AS-IS and are for demonstration purposes only.
I've created a PDF version of this document which I thought you might find useful since it includes screenshots and sample output rendered nicer than what you can get in PowerShell help. Run Open-PSScriptToolsHelp to open the PDF using the default associated application.
The following commands have been removed as of v2.50.0.
If you find this module useful, you might also want to look at my PowerShell tools for:
- Keeping up to date with PowerShell 7 releases
- Module and Project Status
- Creating and managing customized type extensions
- Managing scheduled jobs
- Automating the PowerShell scripting process
- A simple command-line task and to-do manager
Where possible, module commands have been tested with PowerShell 7, but not on every platform. If you encounter problems, have suggestions, or have other feedback, please post an issue. It is assumed you will not be running these commands on any edition of PowerShell Core, i.e. PowerShell 6.