deepcopy symlink improvements

[jeremyd2019]

Cleans up the deepcopy symlink code by:

• moving it into its own function
• making it use unicode internally, allowing for long paths and unicode characters.
• making it copy symlinks instead of their targets (wsl symlinks don't work until 19041, but everything else works all the way back to 8.1)
• adding more error checking

As part of this, I noticed this as well as a couple of other symlink handlers were doing the same thing to resolve the symlink targets. I contributed 5a706ff upstream, which this code can also use once it is rebased on top of that (presumably Cygwin 3.6)

[jeremyd2019]

Well, I tried these changes on my git-for-windows fork and the git test suite all passes, plus the tests I contrived are working. I think this is at least as good as what was there before... With one interesting side effect:

mkdir dir
cd dir
ln -s ../dir .

before it failed with:

ln: failed to create symbolic link './dir' -> '../dir': File name too long
$ find dir | wc
     55      55    6160

now it fails with:

ln: failed to create symbolic link './dir': Bad address
$ find dir | wc
   1894    1894 7178260

Removing the MAX_PATH limit means it now exhausts stack recursing before it hits the new limit (of 32k iirc). 🤦

[jeremyd2019]

oh, I need to dig up a Windows 8.1 VM and test this there, so far I've only run it on windows 11 23H2 (and apparently server 2022 on the gfw test suite)

[jeremyd2019]

$ find dir | wc
   4155    4155 34536360

[jeremyd2019]

Does anyone know/remember what the origpath attempt to avoid endless recursion was supposed to be protecting against? It seems to me that it would never be triggered, and it would perhaps make more sense to check that src doesn't recurse into the original dst instead (maybe that's what it was supposed to be doing and using w_oldpath was a bug?)

[jeremyd2019]

$ ln -s ../dir .
ln: failed to create symbolic link './dir': Permission denied
$ find dir | wc
find: 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No such file or directory
   8180    8180 133841160

Yay?

[jeremyd2019]

$ ln -s ../dir .
ln: failed to create symbolic link './dir': Too many levels of symbolic links

which is much better, but it was good for exercising the deep recursion anyway.

[jeremyd2019]

Changing the fallback of deepcopy from sysfile to default makes a git test fail:

2025-02-01T00:52:31.0466688Z ++ mkdir dir
2025-02-01T00:52:31.0466758Z ++ ln -s /dev/null dir/subdir
2025-02-01T00:52:31.0466813Z ++ git add .
2025-02-01T00:52:31.0466913Z error: open("dir/subdir"): Function not implemented

In that case, a link to a special file is a wsl symlink rather than a sysfile... hmm

[jeremyd2019]

wsl symlinks also don't play well with CopyFileEx on windows 8.1, so I've switched the fallback for deepcopy back to sysfile.

[dscho]

Looks good to me!

[dscho]

Given that MSYS2 will most likely drop support for Windows versions that do not support symlinks (= Windows 8.1) and for Windows versions that require elevation to create symlinks (= Windows 10 prior to Build 14972), I consider the deepcopy mode of less interest than if it had to be maintained for the foreseeable future.

Luckily, we will be able to drop the deepcopy code altogether within the next couple of years. Having said that, it'll be nice to have it in a better shape than it currently is, especially for users stuck with older Windows versions.

[jeremyd2019]

FWIW @jeremyd2019 I really like the refactoring you did, moving the deepcopy code into its own function, I'd just suggest to do it as a preparatory, separate commit instead of squashing it in.

Please explain. You would like 6cc8823 to be done before the other changes in this PR? Or you think this shouldn't be a fixup!?

(I'm planning to rebase the commits in this PR anyway (I was thinking about using amend!) before switching out of draft mode)

[jeremyd2019]

Windows versions that require elevation to create symlinks (= Windows 10 prior to Build 14972)

I'm on Windows 11 22631, and it still requires elevation to create symlinks. I haven't turned on developer mode though (I thought it had to do with UWP development, not sure of all the implications).

Windows versions that do not support symlinks (= Windows 8.1)

The docs say CreateSymbolicLinkW is available on Vista or later, and they seemed to work on 8.1 when I was testing this PR

[jeremyd2019]

I tested the current state of this PR on various Windows versions I expected to be relevant, here's the result:

Link type	9600	10240	14393	16299	19041	22000	22631
wsl	❌	❌	❌	❌	✅	✅	✅
junction	❌	❌	❌	❌	✅	✅	✅
symlinkd	❌	❌	❌	❌	✅	✅	✅
symlink	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅

While doing this, I accidentally started testing the existing code instead, and saw some odd behavior that suggests I can actually improve on this on older Windows versions...

[jeremyd2019]

After bbe6101, my test table looks like:

Link type	9600	10240	14393	16299	19041	22000	22631
wsl	❌	❌	❌	❌	✅	✅	✅
junction	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
symlinkd	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
symlink	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅

[jeremyd2019]

Please advise on rebasing/squashing.

[dscho]

FWIW @jeremyd2019 I really like the refactoring you did, moving the deepcopy code into its own function, I'd just suggest to do it as a preparatory, separate commit instead of squashing it in.

Please explain. You would like 6cc8823 to be done before the other changes in this PR? Or you think this shouldn't be a fixup!?

Right, my answer was quite confusing. Yes on both. I would like the refactoring to be done before the other changes (because the refactoring could even be applied independently), and due to the way the msys2-runtime repository works, it should still be marked as a fixup!.

But having had a look at the current state of the PullRequest, I have no qualm about leaving the refactoring in the middle, either.

Windows versions that require elevation to create symlinks (= Windows 10 prior to Build 14972)

I'm on Windows 11 22631, and it still requires elevation to create symlinks. I haven't turned on developer mode though (I thought it had to do with UWP development, not sure of all the implications).

Indeed, even the latest Windows version unfortunately requires Developer Mode to allow creating symlinks in an unelevated session.

Windows versions that do not support symlinks (= Windows 8.1)

The docs say CreateSymbolicLinkW is available on Vista or later, and they seemed to work on 8.1 when I was testing this PR

I should have been more clear: I consider symlinks that can be deleted without elevation but that cannot be recreated without elevation not to be symlinks at all but a horrible design bug. As such, I consider any Windows version prior to Build 14972 not actually to have support for symlinks.

After bbe6101, my test table looks like:

Link type	9600	10240	14393	16299	19041	22000	22631
wsl	❌	❌	❌	❌	✅	✅	✅
junction	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
symlinkd	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
symlink	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅

Very nice!!!

I just had a look through the commits and have only two suggestions. I'll finalize the review properly just after posting this here comment.

[dscho]

I only have one more wish: Add yet another fixup! commit, this one generated using git commit --fixup reword:44054a96275c0f058069e6bb39b3b859157b85bd -s to amend the commit message (and to take co-ownership because of your extensive improvements).

[jeremyd2019]

OK, I've rebased now, moved the factoring out to a function first, squashed the COPY_FILE_DIRECTORY vs CreateDirectoryEx change into the commit that added handling of directory links, and added an amend! commit that adds Co-authored-by (and a comment around the code to be replaced by a new function). all the intermediate commits at least build successfully in CI. Is there anything else you think should be added to the commit message in the amend! commit?

BTW, doing an interactive rebase on this was a real pain, because git rebase -i only shows the first line of the commit message, and that's the same for all of these commits. I had to refer to this PR page commits tab with the messages expanded to match up each commit hash to what it actually for.

[dscho]

BTW, doing an interactive rebase on this was a real pain, because git rebase -i only shows the first line of the commit message, and that's the same for all of these commits.

☹️ Yes, rebase -i can be a real pain to use.

FWIW there is rebase.instructionFormat, but it lacks any convenient way to display the body (or an excerpt thereof), and it does not handle %N for notes. The only way to make that somewhat work would be to tag the individual commits with names like refactor-recursive-copy or some such.